Question 1

Glucocorticoids, glucagon, and epinephrine are hyperglycemic hormones.

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoids, glucagon, and epinephrine increase blood glucose levels, which makes them hyperglycemic hormones.

Question 2

The ovaries release estrogen and progesterone in response to gonadotropic hormones from the pituitary gland.

Accepted Answer

This is true. The gonadotropic hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) stimulate the ovaries to release estrogen and progesterone, which are responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the body for pregnancy.

Question 3

Hypersecretion of the sex hormones may lead to masculinization in both men and women.

Accepted Answer

Hypersecretion of sex hormones such as testosterone can cause masculinization in both men and women. In women, it can cause excess facial and body hair growth, deepening of the voice, and changes in body shape. In men, it can lead to early puberty, increased muscle mass, and hair loss.

Question 4

Aldosterone release is prevented by atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a hormone released by the heart.

Accepted Answer

ANP functions to decrease blood pressure and volume by promoting the release of sodium and water from the kidneys, and inhibiting the release of aldosterone, which promotes sodium and water retention.

Question 5

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it:
-Growth hormone
A)thyroid gland
B)adrenal medulla
C)hypothalamus
D)parathyroid glands
E)pancreas
F)adrenal cortex
G)thymus gland
H)anterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 6

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it:
-Adrenocorticotropic hormone
A)thyroid gland
B)adrenal medulla
C)hypothalamus
D)parathyroid glands
E)pancreas
F)adrenal cortex
G)thymus gland
H)anterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland.

Note: Adrenal cortex also produces some adrenocorticotropic hormone, but the primary source is the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 7

Aldosterone raises blood glucose levels through the breakdown of fats and proteins.

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone is a hormone that regulates salt and water balance in the body, it does not have any direct effect on the breakdown of fats and proteins or blood glucose levels. Instead, it acts on the kidneys to increase salt and water reabsorption, which may indirectly affect blood glucose levels by affecting insulin sensitivity.

Question 8

The glucocorticoids help the body handle long-term stress primarily by increasing blood glucose levels.

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoids, such as cortisol, help the body handle long-term stress by increasing blood glucose levels through promoting gluconeogenesis (the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources such as amino acids and fats) and by suppressing insulin secretion. This helps provide energy for the body to deal with the stressor.

Question 9

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it:
-Antidiuretic hormone
A)thyroid gland
B)adrenal medulla
C)hypothalamus
D)parathyroid glands
E)pancreas
F)adrenal cortex
G)thymus gland
H)anterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is produced by the hypothalamus and then released by the posterior pituitary gland. ADH regulates water balance by promoting water reabsorption by the kidneys.

Answer: H
 The anterior pituitary gland produces a variety of hormones, including growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin.

Question 10

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it:
-Oxytocin
A)thyroid gland
B)adrenal medulla
C)hypothalamus
D)parathyroid glands
E)pancreas
F)adrenal cortex
G)thymus gland
H)anterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland.

Question 11

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it:
-Prolactin
A)thyroid gland
B)adrenal medulla
C)hypothalamus
D)parathyroid glands
E)pancreas
F)adrenal cortex
G)thymus gland
H)anterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

Prolactin is produced by the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 12

Melatonin production peaks during the night to help regulate the body's day-night cycle.

Accepted Answer

Melatonin production is highest during the night to help regulate the body's circadian rhythm or day-night cycle.

Question 13

The placenta is a temporary organ formed in the uterus of pregnant women.

Accepted Answer

The placenta is an organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy and serves to provide oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus while removing waste products. It is expelled from the body after the birth of the baby. Therefore, it is a temporary organ.

Question 14

The adrenal cortex makes corticosteroids.

Accepted Answer

The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing corticosteroids, which includes glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex hormones.

Question 15

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it:
-Thyroid-stimulating hormone
A)thyroid gland
B)adrenal medulla
C)hypothalamus
D)parathyroid glands
E)pancreas
F)adrenal cortex
G)thymus gland
H)anterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 16

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it:
-Luteinizing hormone
A)thyroid gland
B)adrenal medulla
C)hypothalamus
D)parathyroid glands
E)pancreas
F)adrenal cortex
G)thymus gland
H)anterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 17

Both male and female sex hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex throughout life in relatively small amounts.

Accepted Answer

The adrenal cortex produces both male and female sex hormones (androgens and estrogens) in small amounts throughout life.

Question 18

Adrenaline is also known as epinephrine.

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline and epinephrine are different names for the same hormone.

Question 19

The thymus gland is located in the neck wrapped around the trachea.

Accepted Answer

The thymus gland is actually located in the chest, behind the breastbone. It is not wrapped around the trachea in the neck.

Question 20

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it:
-Follicle-stimulating hormone
A)thyroid gland
B)adrenal medulla
C)hypothalamus
D)parathyroid glands
E)pancreas
F)adrenal cortex
G)thymus gland
H)anterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland.

Quiz 9: The Endocrine System

Glucocorticoids, glucagon, and epinephrine are hyperglycemic hormones.

The ovaries release estrogen and progesterone in response to gonadotropic hormones from the pituitary gland.

Hypersecretion of the sex hormones may lead to masculinization in both men and women.

Aldosterone release is prevented by atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a hormone released by the heart.

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it: -Growth hormone

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it: -Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Aldosterone raises blood glucose levels through the breakdown of fats and proteins.

The glucocorticoids help the body handle long-term stress primarily by increasing blood glucose levels.

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it: -Antidiuretic hormone

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it: -Oxytocin

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it: -Prolactin

Melatonin production peaks during the night to help regulate the body's day-night cycle.

The placenta is a temporary organ formed in the uterus of pregnant women.

The adrenal cortex makes corticosteroids.

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it: -Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it: -Luteinizing hormone

Both male and female sex hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex throughout life in relatively small amounts.

Adrenaline is also known as epinephrine.

The thymus gland is located in the neck wrapped around the trachea.

Match the following hormones with the endocrine gland or structure that produces it: -Follicle-stimulating hormone