Question 1

In regard to housework, Hochschild (2003) reports that_____________________.

Accepted Answer

Hochschild found that even when husbands do participate in household tasks, they typically spend much less time on them than their wives do, and women still carry the majority of the burden. Option A is incorrect as research shows that although men are doing more housework now than before, it is still not equal. Option B is incorrect as men and women often have different deadlines and expectations for completing household tasks. Option D is incorrect as research suggests that higher-earning and more educated women still do more domestic work than their partners.

Question 2

Couples with more ________ ideas about women's and men's roles tend to share more equally in food preparation, housework, and child care.

Accepted Answer

Couples with egalitarian ideas have a belief in equal rights, opportunities, and treatment for both men and women. This belief extends to sharing equally in household tasks and child care responsibilities. Couples who hold traditional or patriarchal views tend to have more rigid gender roles and may see household tasks and child care as the sole responsibility of the woman. Couples with individualistic views prioritize independence and personal autonomy, which may not necessarily lead to equal sharing of household tasks and child care.

Question 3

The idea of the home as a place of love and emotional support, separate from the stresses of work, emerged __________.

Accepted Answer

The concept of the home as a distinct haven of love and emotional support, separate from the pressures of work, emerged with industrialization. This period marked a shift from agrarian economies to industrial ones, leading to the separation of work and home life.

Question 4

The changing attitudes about same-sex marriage are being driven by __________.

Accepted Answer

The changing attitudes about same-sex marriage are being driven by millennials. Studies have shown that this generation is more accepting and supportive of same-sex marriage rights than previous generations.

Question 5

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild coined the term __________ to refer to the work that many employed women perform after they complete their workday on the job.

Accepted Answer

Arlie Hochschild coined the term "second shift" to refer to the work that many employed women perform after they complete their workday on the job. This work includes domestic duties such as cooking, cleaning, and childcare, and often adds several hours to a woman's workday.

Question 6

__________ refers to household arrangements in which an unmarried couple lives together in a committed, sexually intimate relationship and is granted the same rights and benefits as those accorded to married heterosexual couples.

Accepted Answer

Domestic partnership refers to the legal recognition of a committed relationship between two unmarried adults, granting them the same benefits and rights as married couples. This can include access to healthcare, inheritance rights, and tax benefits. It is recognized in many states and countries as an alternative to marriage for same-sex couples or heterosexual couples who choose not to marry.

Question 7

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) is __________.

Accepted Answer

In 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in United States v. Windsor that the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) is unconstitutional. The court found that DOMA violated the Fifth Amendment's Due Process Clause by denying same-sex couples the recognition and benefits afforded to opposite-sex couples under federal law. As a result of this ruling, the federal government now recognizes same-sex marriages for purposes of federal law.

Question 8

In the postmodern family, the boundaries between the public and private spheres are fairly open and flexible. In fact, family life may be negatively affected by the decreasing distinction between what is work time and what is family time. This characteristic of the?family is termed __________.

Accepted Answer

Urbanity refers to the blurring of lines between the public and private spheres, which can negatively impact family life by making it difficult to distinguish between work time and family time. Homogamy refers to the tendency for people to marry others who are similar to themselves, endogamy refers to the tendency for people to marry within their own social, cultural or ethnic group, and polyandry refers to a form of marriage in which a woman has multiple husbands at the same time. None of these terms accurately describes the phenomenon described in the question.

Question 9

David Elkind describes the postmodern family as __________, meaning capable of being diffused or invaded in such a manner that its original purpose is modified or changed.

Accepted Answer

David Elkind specifically uses the term "permeable" to describe the postmodern family, meaning that it can be infiltrated or invaded in ways that alter its original purpose. This suggests that the traditional boundaries and roles within families are becoming more fluid and less fixed. The other choices, such as "disappearing", "becoming weaker", and "becoming less autonomous" may be true to some extent, but they do not capture Elkind's main idea about the nature of the postmodern family.

Question 10

Sociologists note that women and men in the United States may have very different ideas about and perceptions of love. One of the differences is that men, more than women,______________.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that men tend to express their love through nonverbal actions such as doing things for their partner or being physically affectionate, whereas women tend to express their emotions verbally.

Question 11

In the United States, there is a strong cultural belief that __________ should be the basis of an intimate relationship.

Accepted Answer

In the United States, there is a strong cultural belief that romantic love should be the basis of an intimate relationship. This belief is prevalent in media, literature, and pop culture, and is often depicted as the ultimate goal of a successful relationship.

Question 12

Elkind argues that the postmodern family illustrates the postmodern assumptions of difference and irregularity. He supports his perspective with the example that_______________.

Accepted Answer

Elkind argues that the postmodern family is characterized by difference and irregularity, and he provides the example of men and women having sexual relations with others whom they have no intention of marrying. This highlights the fluidity and non-traditional nature of postmodern relationships, which do not conform to traditional patterns of monogamous, lifelong partnership.

Question 13

__________ of all marriages with children in the United States are dual-earner marriages, in which both spouses are in the labor force.

Accepted Answer

Just over half of all marriages with children in the United States are dual-earner marriages, in which both spouses are in the labor force.

Question 14

Adoption is a legal process through which the rights and duties of parenting are transferred from a child's biological parents and/or legal parents to new legal parents. According to the text's discussion of adoption, __________.

Accepted Answer

A new birth certificate is typically issued in most adoptions to reflect the child's new legal name and the names of their new legal parents.

Answer: C 
 The text mentions that there has been a decline in the number of infants available for adoption in recent decades, but there are still many children of various ages and backgrounds who are in need of permanent homes through adoption.

Answer: D 
 The text does not provide any information regarding the number of U.S. parents seeking to adopt children from developing nations.

Question 15

The Census Bureau defines the term __________ as two people who live together, and think of themselves as a couple, without being legally married.

Accepted Answer

According to the Census Bureau, cohabitation refers to a couple who live together and consider themselves as partners without being legally married. Assimilation refers to the process of becoming part of a different cultural group, Accommodation refers to adapting or adjusting to a new situation, and Matrimony refers to the formal union of marriage.

Question 16

The National Health and Social Life Survey conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago has replaced the Kinsey Report as the respected source of information on American sexual behavior. Which of these is not a finding of the survey reported in the text?​

Accepted Answer

The other three findings are reported in the text, but there is no mention of Americans challenging dominant sexual ideologies.

Question 17

Most people in the United States tend to choose marriage partners who are similar to themselves. __________ refers to the pattern of individuals marrying those who have similar characteristics, such as race/ethnicity, religious background, age, education, or social class.

Accepted Answer

Homogamy refers to the pattern of individuals marrying those who have similar characteristics, such as race/ethnicity, religious background, age, education, or social class. Monogamy refers to the practice of being married to one person at a time, exogamy refers to the practice of marrying outside one's own social group or category, and polygamy refers to the practice of having more than one spouse. However, none of these options relate to the described pattern of individuals choosing partners with similar characteristics.

Question 18

General support for same-sex marriage in the United States is __________​

Accepted Answer

Overall, support for same-sex marriage has been increasing in the United States in recent years.

Question 19

The difference in the terms "childfree" and "childless" indicate_________________.

Accepted Answer

The term "childfree" typically refers to individuals or couples who have chosen not to have children, whereas "childless" generally refers to those who want to have children but are unable to conceive. Therefore, the difference between the two terms lies in whether or not a child was desired in the first place. The other options listed (A, B, and D) do not accurately reflect the distinction between childfree and childless.

Question 20

In 2014, approximately __________ of employed mothers with children under age 6 worked full-time.

Accepted Answer

According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in 2014, approximately two-thirds (or 67.8%) of employed mothers with children under age 6 worked full-time.

Quiz 11: Families and Intimate Relationships