Question 1

The part of the vertebrae that transfers weight along the axis of the vertebral column is the

Accepted Answer

The vertebral body is the thick, disc-shaped anterior portion of the vertebral bone that transfers weight along the axis of the vertebral column.

Question 2

Successive vertebrae articulate at facets on the inferior articular processes of the superior vertebra andfacets on the ________ of the adjacent inferior vertebrae.

Accepted Answer

Successive vertebrae articulate at facets on the inferior articular processes of the superior vertebra and facets on the superior articular processes of the adjacent inferior vertebrae.

Question 3

Which two fontanelles form along the sagittal suture?

Accepted Answer

The anterior and posterior fontanelles form along the sagittal suture.

Question 4

While you're visiting your friend who recently gave birth, she comments on her infant's soft spot. You think to yourself that the correct term for the "soft spot" located at the intersection of the frontal, sagittal, and coronal sutures is

Accepted Answer

The anterior fontanelle is the correct term for the "soft spot" located at the intersection of the frontal, sagittal, and coronal sutures. The sphenoidal fontanelle is located at the intersection of the frontal, sphenoid, temporal, and parietal bones, and the occipital fontanelle is located at the intersection of the lambdoid and sagittal sutures. The mastoid fontanelle and cushion spot are not anatomical terms.

Question 5

Most mammals, including humans and giraffes, have ________ cervical vertebrae.

Accepted Answer

Most mammals have seven cervical vertebrae, including humans and giraffes. This is a universal feature among mammals, although there are some exceptions where the number may vary slightly. For example, sloths have 5-6 cervical vertebrae while manatees have up to 9 cervical vertebrae.

Question 6

The five vertebral regions are the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and

Accepted Answer

The five vertebral regions are the cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar (lower back), sacral (pelvic), and coccygeal (tailbone). Option D correctly identifies the last region as coccygeal.

Question 7

The term ________ is used to describe an injury caused by displacement of the cervical vertebrae duringa sudden change in body position.

Accepted Answer

The term "whiplash" specifically refers to an injury caused by the sudden displacement of the cervical vertebrae during a rapid change in body position, such as a car accident or sports collision. Remodeling and rearrangement both refer to changes in structure or placement, but do not necessarily imply injury. Fracture is a more severe type of injury that involves a break in bone. Adjustment may refer to a corrective movement, but does not specifically relate to injury.

Question 8

Identify the correct statement regarding fontanelles.

Accepted Answer

Fontanelles are soft spots on a baby's head which, due to their flexibility, allow the skull to deform during childbirth, making delivery through the birth canal easier.

Question 9

The ________ allow for a wide range of head movements.

Accepted Answer

The cervical vertebrae, located in the neck region, allow for a wide range of head movements, such as rotation, flexion, and extension. The first two cervical vertebrae, the atlas and axis, are specifically adapted to support the weight of the head and allow for a high degree of mobility.

Question 10

The most significant skull growth occurs before the age of

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most significant skull growth occurs before...

Question 11

The fibrous connective tissue membranes between the cranial bones of the fetal skull are

Accepted Answer

Fontanelles are the fibrous connective tissue membranes found between the cranial bones of the fetal skull, allowing for flexibility and growth of the skull during birth and early development.

Question 12

The most common distortion of the spinal curvature is

Accepted Answer

Scoliosis is the most common distortion of the spinal curvature, characterized by an abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine. Kyphosis is an exaggerated forward rounding of the upper back, while lordosis is an exaggerated inward curvature of the lower back. Spinosis and spina bifida are not correct options as they do not refer to spinal curvatures.

Question 13

What is the purpose of the secondary curves?

Accepted Answer

The purpose of the secondary curves (lumbar and cervical) is to shift the weight of the body to permit an upright posture. The thoracic and sacral curves accommodate the thoracic and pelvic organs respectively. The formation of a humpback is a pathological condition called kyphosis.

Question 14

The vertebral arch is formed by the pedicles and the

Accepted Answer

The vertebral arch is formed by the pedicles and the laminae. The transverse and dorsal spinous processes are extensions of the arch, and the costal facets are found on the bodies of certain vertebrae for articulation with the ribs. The intervertebral disc is located between the vertebral bodies.

Question 15

The first cervical vertebra is called the

Accepted Answer

The first cervical vertebra is commonly called the "atlas," named after the mythological figure who held the world on his shoulders. It supports the weight of the head and allows it to move up and down in a nodding motion.

Question 16

The four spinal curves include all but one of the following. Identify the exception.

Accepted Answer

The four spinal curves are thoracic, cervical, lumbar, and sacral. Axial is not a spinal curve.

Question 17

The second cervical vertebra is called the

Accepted Answer

The second cervical vertebra is known as the axis. It is characterized by the presence of the odontoid process (dens) which allows for rotation of the head.

Question 18

The vertebral column contains ________ thoracic vertebrae.

Accepted Answer

The thoracic vertebrae are the twelve vertebrae in the spine that articulate with the twelve pairs of ribs.

Question 19

The primary spinal curves

Accepted Answer

The primary spinal curves, which are present at birth, accommodate the thoracic and abdominopelvic viscera. These curves include the thoracic and sacral curves, which are concave anteriorly.

Question 20

The four curves of the adult spinal column are not all present at birth. Which of the following are thesecondary curves, which do not appear until several months later?

Accepted Answer

The cervical and lumbar curves are secondary curves of the spine, developing after birth. The cervical curve develops as a baby starts to hold up their head and sit, and the lumbar curve forms as they begin to walk.

Quiz 7: The Axial Skeleton