Question 1

Review three well-known case studies in psychology's history. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of case study research. Be sure to illustrate your points with concrete examples.

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Question 2

According to the text, women earn 75% of the advanced degrees in today's psychology. Identify two prominent women in psychology's early days. Briefly describe the achievements and contributions of the two women you select.

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Question 3

What is a hypothesis? Provide an original example of a hypothesis a psychologist might test. Be sure to operationally define the variables in your hypothesis.

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Question 4

Suggest (a) two variables that are most likely positively correlated; (b) two variables that are most likely negatively correlated; and (c) two variables that are probably uncorrelated. Portray the relationship between each pair of variables graphically, making sure to label all axes correctly.

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Question 5

Identify and define the four goals of psychology. For each goal, use one or more concrete examples to illustrate how psychologists might pursue the goal in their research.

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Question 6

Describe a behavioral or mental phenomenon in which you are especially interested. Discuss how the phenomenon might be approached from at least two of the following perspectives: biological, psychoanalytic, behavioral, cognitive, and humanistic.

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Question 7

Select two of the following aphorisms: (1) "Birds of a feather flock together"; (2) "Opposites attract"; (3) "The more the merrier"; (4) "Two heads are better the one"; (5) "Two's company; three's a crowd." Translate each aphorism that you select into a testable hypothesis. Provide operational definitions of each of the variables in each hypothesis.

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Question 8

Describe the processes of peer review and replication. Explain how these processes contribute to the progress of psychological science.

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Question 9

A researcher finds a correlation of -.45 between the amount of stress participants report having experienced recently and participants' scores on an index of physical health. What does this mean? Provide a one-sentence interpretation of this correlation coefficient. Provide three distinct cause-and-effect mechanisms that might explain this correlation.

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Question 10

Define informed consent and debriefing. Explain how informed consent and debriefing contribute to the ethical conduct of research with human participants.

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Question 11

The text describes the plight of 33 Chilean miners trapped for months underground. State one hypothesis suggested by the miners' experience. Be sure to operationalize the variables in your hypothesis. Describe how the hypothesis might be examined by one of the research designs described in the textbook.

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Question 12

Contrast the aims and the legacy of structuralism on the one hand and functionalism on the other. Identify one or two key figures associated with each of these schools.

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Question 13

In two or three sentences, briefly describe the main results of the Vasalou et al. (2010) cross-cultural study on Facebook use. Reflect on your own Facebook use. Suggest one hypothesis inspired by your reflection.

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Question 14

Describe a current event or topic of public interest. Suggest how at least two of the major perspectives in contemporary psychology might shed light usefully on the topic.

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Question 15

Identify and describe three elements--other than the title and the author--of a scientific journal article in psychology. Note whether each element you describe appears at or near the beginning of an article, in the middle of an article, or toward or at the end of an article.

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Question 16

Describe survey research, highlighting not only its advantages but also several issues that researchers must consider when designing survey research.

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Question 17

Is palmistry a pseudopsychology? Why or why not?

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Question 18

Describe the biopsychosocial perspective in psychology. Explain how the perspective integrates or synthesizes at least three other psychological perspectives.

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Question 19

List and briefly describe three descriptive research methods. Provide an original example of each. Identify one advantage and one disadvantage of each of the methods you describe.

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Question 20

Describe the contributions of the philosophers Plato, Aristotle, and Descartes to the nature-nurture and mind-body issues. Suggest how EITHER the nature-nurture issue OR the mind-body problem is relevant to a psychological phenomenon in which you are especially interested.

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Quiz 1: An Introduction to Psychology