Question 1

The parent of a 1-year-old child with tetralogy of Fallot asks the nurse, "Why do my child's fingertips look like that?" The nurse bases a response on the understanding that clubbing occurs as a result of:

Accepted Answer

Clubbing of the fingers develops in response to chronic hypoxia.

Question 2

The nurse describes the "allergic salute" as a cluster of signs related to chronic allergy, which are: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The allergic salute does not include a productive cough.

Question 3

An infant with congestive heart failure is receiving Lanoxin. The nurse recognizes signs of digoxin toxicity, which are:

Accepted Answer

Symptoms of digoxin toxicity include the following: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, irregularity in pulse rate and rhythm, and a sudden change in pulse.

Question 4

The nurse explains that the ____________________ can sense the oxygen concentration in the blood and can signal the brainstem to increase respiration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse explains that the ____________________ can...

Question 5

A child has an elevated antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer. Which combination of symptoms, in conjunction with this finding, would confirm a diagnosis of rheumatic fever?

Accepted Answer

The presence of two major Jones criteria would indicate a high probability of rheumatic fever.

Question 6

The nurse would suggest to the parents of an asthmatic child to encourage participation in such activities as: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Sports that require bursts of energy rather than long-term output of energy are suitable pursuits for asthmatics. Swimming, gymnastics, and baseball fit this criterion.

Question 7

The nurse explained how to position an infant with tetralogy of Fallot if the infant suddenly becomes cyanotic. The nurse can determine the parent understood the instructions when he states:

Accepted Answer

In the event of a paroxysmal hypercyanotic or "tet" spell, the infant should be placed in a knee-chest position.

Question 8

When a father asks why his child with tetralogy of Fallot seems to favor a squatting position, the nurse would explain that squatting:

Accepted Answer

The squatting position allows the child to breathe more easily because systemic venous return is increased.

Question 9

The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. The child's parent asks the nurse, "How does Kawasaki disease affect my child's heart and blood vessels?" The nurse's response is based on the understanding that:

Accepted Answer

Inflammation of vessels weakens the walls of the vessels and often results in aneurysm.

Question 10

After the 3-month-old child with respiratory syncytial virus is given a protocol of antiviral medications, the nurse explains that routine immunizations will need to be delayed for ____________________ months.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After the 3-month-old child with respiratory syncytial...

Question 11

A child develops carditis from rheumatic fever. The nurse knows that the areas of the heart affected by carditis are:

Accepted Answer

The tissues that cover the heart and heart valves are affected. The heart muscle may be involved and the mitral valve is frequently involved.

Question 12

An infant is experiencing dyspnea related to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The nurse understands dyspnea occurs because:

Accepted Answer

When PDA is present, oxygenated blood recycles through the lungs, overburdening the pulmonary circulation.

Question 13

The nurse reviews for the client drugs such Accolate and Zyflo, which are _______________ _______________; they are capable of blocking the inflammatory response as well as providing bronchodilation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse reviews for the client drugs...

Question 14

The comment made by a parent of a 1-month-old that would alert the nurse about the presence of a congenital heart defect is:

Accepted Answer

Fatigue during feeding or activity is common to most infants with congenital cardiac problems.

Question 15

An appropriate nursing action related to the administration of Lanoxin to an infant would be:

Accepted Answer

As a rule, if the pulse rate of an infant is below 100 beats/min, the medication is withheld and the physician is notified.

Quiz 25: The Child With a Respiratory or Cardiovascular Disorder