Question 1

The umbrella term used to describe deviance committed by the relatively rich and powerful is called ______.

Accepted Answer

Privileged deviance refers to deviant acts committed by individuals in positions of power and wealth, encompassing behaviors that may not be classified strictly as white-collar crime.

Question 2

Most of the tax evasion methods employed by corporations are

Accepted Answer

Most tax evasion methods employed by corporations are legal, meaning they take advantage of loopholes and deductions within the tax code. While there may be ethical concerns about the morality of these practices, they are not technically illegal. However, some corporations may engage in illegal tax evasion, which is detected and prosecuted by the government. Overall, legal tax avoidance is a widespread and economically significant practice among corporations.

Question 3

According to David Ermann and Richard Lundman,the most obvious and important reason for corporations' tendency to be criminally negligent about their employees' health and safety is

Accepted Answer

Profit maximization is the primary goal of corporations. In pursuit of this goal, some corporations neglect health and safety standards to cut costs, increase production, and maximize profits. This behavior is known as corporate negligence, and it represents a significant threat to employee welfare.

Question 4

The two types of white-collar deviance are white-collar occupational deviance and

Accepted Answer

White-collar occupational deviance refers to deviant behaviors committed by individuals in their occupation, such as embezzlement or insider trading. Corporate deviance, on the other hand, refers to deviant behaviors committed by corporations as a whole, such as environmental violations or fraud. Street-based deviance and government deviance are not types of white-collar deviance. Individual deviance is a broad category that can include any type of deviant behavior, not just white-collar deviance.

Question 5

According to the FBI,employee theft is

Accepted Answer

The FBI has reported that employee theft is the fastest growing crime in the United States, making choice A the correct option. Choice B is incorrect as not all employee theft is connected to organized crime. Choice C is also incorrect as it is unlikely that owners of businesses would encourage theft. Choice D is incorrect as employee theft can have significant financial impacts on businesses, making it a major problem.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a reason why some employees steal from their employers?

Accepted Answer

Being old enough to earn extra compensation is not a reason why some employees steal from their employers. The other options - feeling underpaid, feeling frustrated by a lack of promotional opportunity, and not perceiving the stealing as real theft - are common reasons why employees steal.

Question 7

Joe is the president of a large but struggling corporation.In order to ensure profits,he secretly contacts several of his competitors and gets them all to agree to charge the same prices for their products.This practice is an example of

Accepted Answer

This practice is an example of an antitrust violation, specifically price fixing, which is illegal under antitrust laws. It is an agreement among competitors to set prices at a certain level, which can decrease competition and harm consumers.

Question 8

According to the text,what distinguishes the commission of white-collar deviance from the commission of blue-collar deviance is

Accepted Answer

The text states that the execution or manner of how the deviant act is committed distinguishes white-collar deviance from blue-collar deviance.

Question 9

Which is NOT one of the types of fraudulent practices that led to the savings and loan failures in the 1980s?

Accepted Answer

While stock manipulation was a common practice in other financial scandals, it was not a significant factor in the savings and loan failures of the 1980s. The main types of fraudulent practices that led to the failures were illegal nonbanking activities by S&L owners, collective embezzlement by S&L owners, and covering up illegal practices.

Question 10

The major reason why most corporations dump their wastes onto the land and into the air and water is because they

Accepted Answer

The statement "find it too costly to develop ecologically safer alternatives" implies that corporations prioritize economic gains over environmental concerns, resulting in them opting for cheaper but harmful waste disposal methods.

Question 11

One major reason for fraudulent activities in the insurance industry that was not present in the banking industry was

Accepted Answer

The answer of One major reason for fraudulent activities in...

Question 12

Which of the following statements about embezzlement is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Most embezzlers are in management positions, as they are in a position of trust and have access to company funds. Low-level managers may also embezzle, but their scope of damage is usually limited in comparison to higher-level managers. While some embezzlers may have links to organized crime, it is not the majority, and most do not join companies with the explicit purpose of stealing.

Question 13

Based on Sutherland's classical definition,two things characterize white-collar crime,that it is occupationally related and it is a(n)

Accepted Answer

According to Sutherland's classical definition, white-collar crime is characterized by being occupationally related and committed by a relatively respectable, upper-class person.

Question 14

The proportion of the nation's entire work force that has committed employee theft is __________ percent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The proportion of the nation's entire work...

Question 15

In the social profile of corporate crooks,the text's author lists many activities conducted by U.S.corporations,including moving corporate headquarters to avoid taxes,stacking the board of directors,and giving campaign contributions to candidates of both parties.What make these practices important is that they are

Accepted Answer

The author states that these activities are conducted by U.S. corporations, which implies they are legal practices. While they may be frowned upon by some, they are not illegal. The author also highlights their significance, implying that they are important in some way. Therefore, B is the best choice as it correctly identifies the practices as legal.

Question 16

The program designed to clean up serious areas of environmental pollution is called

Accepted Answer

The program designed to clean up serious areas of environmental pollution is called the Superfund. The Superfund is managed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and is responsible for cleaning up hazardous waste sites and protecting public health and the environment from the dangers of abandoned or mismanaged waste.

Question 17

Dangerous foods and unsafe products are two examples of deviance against

Accepted Answer

Deviance against customers refers to any action taken by a company that harms or endangers their customers, such as selling dangerous foods or unsafe products. Deviance against employees, the government, or the environment are not directly related to this specific issue.

Question 18

The statement "Nestle makes the very best chocolate" is an example of

Accepted Answer

The statement is an example of legal advertising, as it is a subjective claim made by Nestle to promote their product. It does not constitute consumer fraud or deviance against customers, as it is not a false or misleading statement.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about deviance against the government is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Most corporations are not necessarily honest and may engage in white-collar deviance more frequently than suggested. The statement that they "only rarely commit this type of white-collar deviance" is false.

Question 20

In Sutherland's view,white-collar criminals are exemplified by

Accepted Answer

Sutherland's view is that white-collar criminals are business executives, not factory workers, muggers, or Mafia extortionists.

Quiz 14: Privileged Deviance