Question 1

Which of the following statements is true about communal versus exchange relationships? In communal relationships, partners

Accepted Answer

In communal relationships, partners are more focused on responding to each other's needs and maintaining a sense of mutual care, which often involves assessing equity over the long term rather than on a daily basis.

Question 2

According to research by Akert (1998), which of the people below would most want to stay friends with an ex-partner after a relationship breakup?

Accepted Answer

According to Akert's research, people who initiate a breakup are more likely to want to stay friends with their ex-partner. Therefore, Angela who broke it off with Scott would be the most likely to want to stay friends with him after the relationship breakup.

Question 3

Martha and Jan have been having trouble in their relationship for some time.One night when Martha is out, Jan reflects on their relationship and can't help thinking about all the ways things have been going wrong.Their sex life, once passionate, is only so-so; they hardly talk anymore; and Martha no longer seems to like Jan's friends.These late night ruminations best represent the ________ stage of relationship dissolution (Duck, 1982).

Accepted Answer

The late night ruminations that Jan is having are a part of the intrapersonal stage of relationship dissolution, which involves reflecting on the relationship and the reasons for its decline. It is a stage where an individual evaluates their own feelings and thoughts about the relationship, without necessarily involving the partner.

Question 4

Based on research by Akert (1998), which of the following people is MOST likely to experience such physical disorders as headaches, stomachaches, and trouble sleeping after a breakup?

Accepted Answer

Gene, who was dumped by Linda, is most likely to experience physical disorders after a breakup because being rejected or dumped can lead to more emotional distress compared to being the one who initiates the breakup or mutually agreeing to end the relationship.

Question 5

In their relationship, Marc and Nora both perceive that Marc has been paying more than his fair share of costs and that Nora is receiving more than her fair share of benefits.According to equity theory,

Accepted Answer

According to equity theory, both parties should feel uncomfortable when there is a perceived inequity in the relationship. However, Marc should feel more uncomfortable than Nora as he is the one who perceives his contributions to be unfair. Nora, on the other hand, is receiving more benefits than she feels she deserves, which may lead to feelings of guilt or indebtedness.

Question 6

John and Patricia are miserable in their relationship.If John were to use a tactic that is both destructive and passive, he would

Accepted Answer

Ignoring or spending less time with a partner can lead to feelings of neglect and resentment, ultimately damaging the relationship further. It is important to actively communicate and address issues rather than passively avoiding them. Suggesting couples therapy or counseling may be a better option to work through problems in the relationship.

Question 7

Why is an exchange approach more common in casual relationships than in long-term relationships?

Accepted Answer

In long-term relationships, partners often share resources and responsibilities without keeping track of individual contributions, making it difficult to assign specific values to resources exchanged.

Question 8

Although equity theory suggests that both partners who are overbenefited and underbenefited feel uncomfortable, the partner who is ________ is more likely to perceive inequality as a problem.

Accepted Answer

According to equity theory, both overbenefited and underbenefited individuals feel uncomfortable. However, the partner who is underbenefited is more likely to perceive inequality as a problem.

Question 9

Mike has recently broken up with his girlfriend Maura.According to research conducted by Akert (1998), over the next few weeks, Mike likely to experience

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mike has recently broken up with his...

Question 10

Consider the following quote from Hatfield and Rapson (1993): Does "dinner at an expensive restaurant on Monday balance out three nights of neglect due to a heavy workload"? In other words,

Accepted Answer

The quote suggests that there may not always be a rigid, tit-for-tat strategy in long-term relationships, as a single act cannot necessarily balance out multiple instances of neglect. Therefore, it implies that long-term, intimate relationships are governed by looser notions of equity.

Question 11

Dave has recently taken Jennifer out for a wonderful, elaborate birthday date, which involved all of Jennifer's favorite activities and an expensive gift.However, when Dave's birthday came a week later, Jennifer gave him some flowers and told him that she had too much work to do, so they could not go out anywhere.Remembering the birthday he had given Jennifer a week earlier, Dave was very upset.Jennifer could not understand his anger and told him that she had thought that the gift he had given her was because he loved her, not because he thought he would get a gift later.Dave considers the relationship to be based on ________ and Jennifer considers the relationship to be ________.

Accepted Answer

Dave considers the relationship to be based on the principle of exchange, where he expected to receive similar treatment as the one he gave Jennifer. Jennifer, on the other hand, sees the relationship as communal, where gifts are given out of love and not based on an exchange principle.

Question 12

Femlee (1995) asked 300 college students to reflect on the last relationship they had ended, to list the things that first attracted them to their former partners, and to list the things that they disliked most about their partners around the time of the breakup.If Michelle is like some of Femlee's participants who experienced a "fatal attraction," she will probably say,

Accepted Answer

The scenario given in the question is about someone experiencing a "fatal attraction," which means that they were initially attracted to a trait that eventually turned out to be negative or harmful. Option A describes exactly that - Michelle was initially attracted to Patrick's spontaneity but it turned out to be negative as he was undependable and irresponsible. Therefore, A is the best choice.

Question 13

In their relationship, Mark is concerned with maintaining an equal ratio of rewards and costs, whereas Jenn is concerned with being responsive to Mark's needs.Mark views the relationship as a(n) ________ relationship and Jenn views it as a(n) ________ relationship.

Accepted Answer

Mark's concern with maintaining an equal ratio of rewards and costs reflects an exchange relationship, in which partners keep track of what they give and receive from the relationship. On the other hand, Jenn's concern with being responsive to Mark's needs reflects a communal relationship, in which partners feel a sense of responsibility for each other's well-being and do things for each other without keeping track of specific amounts of give and take.

Question 14

Jessica has been treating Paul like a king.She pays for all of their dates, and does lots of special things for him.Paul has not been reciprocating this treatment.How is he likely to be feeling, according to equity theory?

Accepted Answer

According to equity theory, individuals strive for fairness and equality in their relationships. When one partner is receiving more benefits than they are contributing, they may experience feelings of guilt and discomfort. Therefore, Paul is likely to be feeling uncomfortable and guilty for not reciprocating Jessica's treatment.

Question 15

What is the propinquity effect, and what is the psychological mechanism underlying this effect?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the propinquity effect, and what...

Question 16

Which of the following types of relationships is most likely to be an exchange relationship in which partners trade resources "in kind"?

Accepted Answer

Exchange relationships are more common in casual relationships where interactions are often based on equality and repayment, such as trading favors or resources directly and immediately.

Question 17

According to research conducted by Akert (1998), what is the single best predictor of how well ex-partners cope in the aftermath of the dissolution of their relationship?

Accepted Answer

According to research conducted by Akert (1998), the role that each partner played in the decision to break up is the single best predictor of how well ex-partners cope in the aftermath of the dissolution of their relationship. This suggests that those who initiated the breakup tend to cope better than those who were dumped. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer.

Question 18

According to research conducted by Akert (1998), someone ________ would suffer the most after the dissolution of his or her romantic relationship.

Accepted Answer

According to Akert's research, the individual who was dumped would suffer the most after the dissolution of the romantic relationship.

Question 19

According to Duck (1982), relationship dissolution doesn't happen all at once; instead, it is characterized by a series of stages.These stages are, in order:

Accepted Answer

Duck's model of relationship dissolution outlines a process that begins with an intrapersonal phase (individual reflection), moves to a dyadic phase (discussion between the partners), then to a social phase (involvement of social networks), and finally returns to an intrapersonal phase (post-breakup reflection).

Question 20

According to research presented in the text, partners who overbenefit in a relationship and partners who underbenefit are likely to feel dissatisfied with their relationships because the powerful social norm of ________ is being violated.

Accepted Answer

The concept of equity is based on the idea that partners should contribute equally to a relationship and receive equal benefits in return. When one partner overbenefits or underbenefits, this violates the norm of equity, leading to dissatisfaction with the relationship. Caring and social responsibility may also be important in a relationship, but they are not specifically related to the violation of equity. Reciprocity is indirectly related to equity, but it is not as specific or central to the concept.

Quiz 10: Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Which of the following statements is true about communal versus exchange relationships? In communal relationships, partners

According to research by Akert (1998) , which of the people below would most want to stay friends with an ex-partner after a relationship breakup?

Based on research by Akert (1998) , which of the following people is MOST likely to experience such physical disorders as headaches, stomachaches, and trouble sleeping after a breakup?

In their relationship, Marc and Nora both perceive that Marc has been paying more than his fair share of costs and that Nora is receiving more than her fair share of benefits.According to equity theory,

John and Patricia are miserable in their relationship.If John were to use a tactic that is both destructive and passive, he would

Why is an exchange approach more common in casual relationships than in long-term relationships?

Although equity theory suggests that both partners who are overbenefited and underbenefited feel uncomfortable, the partner who is ________ is more likely to perceive inequality as a problem.

Mike has recently broken up with his girlfriend Maura.According to research conducted by Akert (1998) , over the next few weeks, Mike likely to experience

Consider the following quote from Hatfield and Rapson (1993) : Does "dinner at an expensive restaurant on Monday balance out three nights of neglect due to a heavy workload"? In other words,

In their relationship, Mark is concerned with maintaining an equal ratio of rewards and costs, whereas Jenn is concerned with being responsive to Mark's needs.Mark views the relationship as a(n) relationship and Jenn views it as a(n) relationship.

Jessica has been treating Paul like a king.She pays for all of their dates, and does lots of special things for him.Paul has not been reciprocating this treatment.How is he likely to be feeling, according to equity theory?

What is the propinquity effect, and what is the psychological mechanism underlying this effect?

Which of the following types of relationships is most likely to be an exchange relationship in which partners trade resources "in kind"?

According to research conducted by Akert (1998) , what is the single best predictor of how well ex-partners cope in the aftermath of the dissolution of their relationship?

According to research conducted by Akert (1998) , someone ________ would suffer the most after the dissolution of his or her romantic relationship.

According to Duck (1982) , relationship dissolution doesn't happen all at once; instead, it is characterized by a series of stages.These stages are, in order:

According to research presented in the text, partners who overbenefit in a relationship and partners who underbenefit are likely to feel dissatisfied with their relationships because the powerful social norm of ________ is being violated.