Question 1

The motivational force behind personality for Allport was:

Accepted Answer

Allport believed that functional autonomy is the motivational force behind personality, where behaviors become independent of their original motives and are driven by current interests and values.

Question 2

The captain of the local police department resists the implementation of new seizure and arrest procedures because she feels the old ways are "just fine." Her resistance represents what Allport referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Propriate functional autonomy refers to the behaviors and motivations that are aligned with one's self-concept and values. The captain's resistance to change reflects her adherence to her established beliefs and values about the procedures.

Question 3

A famous saxophone player started to play this instrument as a young boy to help with his asthma. He now plays because of all of the joy and pleasure he gives to people with his music. This illustrates:

Accepted Answer

Propriate functional autonomy refers to behaviors that continue because they are part of one's self-image or values, rather than for their original purpose. In this case, the saxophone player continues to play for the joy and pleasure it brings, rather than for the initial reason of helping with asthma.

Question 4

A woman serves as a member of the local school board out of her concern for the quality of education the children in her community receive. This illustrates what characteristic feature of what Allport considered the mature personality?

Accepted Answer

The woman's involvement in the school board reflects an extension of the sense of self, as she is concerned with the welfare of others and the community, which is a characteristic of a mature personality according to Allport.

Question 5

Eddie is rather concerned with making sure all of the paper and soft drink cans are recycled from the office. This tendency represents which one of the six values assessed by the Study of Values scale?

Accepted Answer

The Economic value in the Study of Values scale is concerned with practicality and usefulness, which aligns with Eddie's focus on recycling materials to ensure resources are used efficiently.

Question 6

Couples who had been married from five to 20 years tended to have similar scores on the ______ subscale of the Study of Values scale.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Couples who had been married from five...

Question 7

A characteristic strength of Allport's viewpoint was:

Accepted Answer

Allport's viewpoint was characterized by the diversity of methods he used in his research, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of personality.

Question 8

A characteristic limitation of Allport's viewpoint was his:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A characteristic limitation of Allport's viewpoint was...

Question 9

A characteristic limitation of Allport's viewpoint was his:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A characteristic limitation of Allport's viewpoint was...

Question 10

Who said, "Science demands measurement! Measurement began in personality at the end of the Freudian, Jungian, and Adlerian phase of clinically derived theories"?

Accepted Answer

Raymond B. Cattell is known for emphasizing the importance of measurement in psychology, particularly in the study of personality, moving beyond the earlier clinically derived theories of Freud, Jung, and Adler.

Question 11

As a clinical psychologist trying to determine the thoughts of an individual who committed suicide, you examine letters and phone records of the individual two weeks prior to this person's death. Such information represents:

Accepted Answer

L-data refers to life record data, which includes information about an individual's life history, such as letters and phone records.

Question 12

For his research project in his personality psychology class this semester, Seth is having participants complete two personality inventories: a 10-item self-consciousness measure and a 39-question social anxiety measure. Such measures represent:

Accepted Answer

Q-data refers to data obtained from questionnaires and self-reports, which is what Seth is using with his personality inventories.

Question 13

A person's shyness, self-consciousness, and agitation at parties are all related to her sense of anxiety. In this example, anxiety represents a:

Accepted Answer

Source traits are the underlying factors that give rise to surface traits, such as anxiety leading to shyness and self-consciousness.

Question 14

A classmate of yours enjoys reading science fiction books while drinking flat cola drinks. According to Cattell, such behavior indicates an expression of a(n) _______ trait.

Accepted Answer

According to Cattell, a unique trait is specific to an individual, reflecting personal preferences and behaviors, such as enjoying science fiction books and flat cola drinks.

Question 15

Evon's high need for achievement has made it possible for her to overcome her roots in poverty to become a successful personality psychologist. According to Cattell, her need for achievement represents a(n) ______ trait.

Accepted Answer

Cattell's theory categorizes traits into three types: ability, temperament, and dynamic. Dynamic traits are those that motivate and drive behavior, such as the need for achievement.

Question 16

As a criminologist, you are trying to determine the extent to which the trait of impulsivity is a result of genetic or environmental factors. According to Cattell, you would be trying to determine the ______ of impulsivity.

Accepted Answer

Cattell's nature-nurture ratio refers to the extent to which a trait is influenced by genetic (nature) versus environmental (nurture) factors.

Question 17

Cattell used the statistical technique of _____ to help identify source traits.

Accepted Answer

Cattell used factor analysis, a statistical technique, to identify underlying relationships between variables, which helped him identify source traits in personality.

Question 18

A _____ is defined as a cluster of related behavioral measures.

Accepted Answer

A factor is a cluster of related behavioral measures, often identified through factor analysis in psychology and statistics.

Question 19

The last step in a factor analysis is to:

Accepted Answer

The last step in factor analysis is to interpret and name the factors based on the variables that load highly on them, giving meaning to the extracted factors.

Question 20

In attempting to predict behavior using a number of source traits, Cattell formulated the:

Accepted Answer

Cattell formulated the Behavioral specification equation to predict behavior using source traits.

Quiz 7: The Trait Viewpoint: Psychological Dispositions of Personality

The motivational force behind personality for Allport was:

The captain of the local police department resists the implementation of new seizure and arrest procedures because she feels the old ways are "just fine." Her resistance represents what Allport referred to as:

A famous saxophone player started to play this instrument as a young boy to help with his asthma. He now plays because of all of the joy and pleasure he gives to people with his music. This illustrates:

A woman serves as a member of the local school board out of her concern for the quality of education the children in her community receive. This illustrates what characteristic feature of what Allport considered the mature personality?

Eddie is rather concerned with making sure all of the paper and soft drink cans are recycled from the office. This tendency represents which one of the six values assessed by the Study of Values scale?

Couples who had been married from five to 20 years tended to have similar scores on the ______ subscale of the Study of Values scale.

A characteristic strength of Allport's viewpoint was:

A characteristic limitation of Allport's viewpoint was his:

A characteristic limitation of Allport's viewpoint was his:

Who said, "Science demands measurement! Measurement began in personality at the end of the Freudian, Jungian, and Adlerian phase of clinically derived theories"?

As a clinical psychologist trying to determine the thoughts of an individual who committed suicide, you examine letters and phone records of the individual two weeks prior to this person's death. Such information represents:

For his research project in his personality psychology class this semester, Seth is having participants complete two personality inventories: a 10-item self-consciousness measure and a 39-question social anxiety measure. Such measures represent:

A person's shyness, self-consciousness, and agitation at parties are all related to her sense of anxiety. In this example, anxiety represents a:

A classmate of yours enjoys reading science fiction books while drinking flat cola drinks. According to Cattell, such behavior indicates an expression of a(n) _______ trait.

Evon's high need for achievement has made it possible for her to overcome her roots in poverty to become a successful personality psychologist. According to Cattell, her need for achievement represents a(n) ______ trait.

As a criminologist, you are trying to determine the extent to which the trait of impulsivity is a result of genetic or environmental factors. According to Cattell, you would be trying to determine the ______ of impulsivity.

Cattell used the statistical technique of _____ to help identify source traits.

A _____ is defined as a cluster of related behavioral measures.

The last step in a factor analysis is to:

In attempting to predict behavior using a number of source traits, Cattell formulated the: