Question 1

In which area has U.S. corporations been in conflict with the current administration in the White House?
A) Religion, social class and disabilities
B) Gender, Age, and Sexual Orientation
C) Sensitivity to global issues and cultures
D) Regional dialects and geographical origins

Accepted Answer

U.S. corporations have often been in conflict with the administration over issues related to global trade policies, environmental regulations, and international relations, which are aspects of sensitivity to global issues and cultures.

Question 2

What was the original purpose of affirmative action?
A) To insure the racial composition of the workforce reflected the population
B) To require governmental agencies, colleges and corporations meet certain racial quotas
C) To recruit and hire more African American workers in the federal government
D) To increase the hiring African Americans for white collar jobs

Accepted Answer

Affirmative action was originally intended to recruit and hire more African American workers in the federal government, aiming to address past discrimination and promote equal opportunity.

Question 3

What is the first step a court orders to determine if an affirmative action plan is needed for a business?
A) An analysis of employee diversity is conducted to determine if it reflects the diversity of the applicant pool.
B) The hiring practices of the human resources department are analyzed for bias in hiring practices.
C) Administration is interviewed to determine if company restructuring is advised.
D) An IRS audit is conducted.

Accepted Answer

The first step is to analyze employee diversity to see if it reflects the diversity of the applicant pool, which helps determine if there is a need for an affirmative action plan.

Question 4

Proponents of affirmative action argue that
A) Monitoring of businesses and colleges must be punitive to get them to comply.
B) Businesses must be forced to hire more women and minorities no matter their qualifications.
C) Colleges and universities are doing a good job of increasing the chances of minorities and women being hired.
D) It addresses the broader goals of society by creating more unity.

Accepted Answer

Affirmative action is often supported because it aims to promote diversity and equality, thereby fostering social unity and addressing historical inequalities.

Question 5

Opponents of affirmative action argue all of the following except that
A) Affirmative action has decreased the opportunities available for white males in business.
B) Affirmative action has actually created more unity in American society.
C) Unqualified minorities are being hired over more qualified white males to satisfy affirmative action quotas.
D) The solution of affirmative action is worse that the problem of inequality.

Accepted Answer

Opponents of affirmative action typically argue that it creates division rather than unity, so they would not claim that it has created more unity in American society.

Question 6

The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled all but which of the following?
A) Job requirements that are directly related to the work requirements are not considered discriminatory, even if they advantage some candidates.
B) Laying off employees based on seniority is legitimate.
C) It is legitimate to hire a more qualified majority candidate over a less qualified minority candidate.
D) "Last hired, first fired" is discriminatory because more women and minorities hold low seniority positions.

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Supreme Court has generally upheld seniority systems, even if they disproportionately affect women and minorities, as long as they are not intentionally discriminatory.

Question 7

After interviewing for a federal job, Eric, a white male, argues that he did not get the job because the federal government is required to hire minorities and women based on affirmative action quotas. What is wrong with his argument?
A) Quotas have never been mandated or required under affirmative action.
B) Race can be used as only one factor when considering applicants for federal employment.
C) Although quotas are mandated for private businesses, governmental jobs are not required to follow them.
D) Employees are required to hire based on minority status only after all qualifications for the job are met.

Accepted Answer

Quotas have never been mandated or required under affirmative action, as they are unconstitutional. Affirmative action allows for race to be considered as one factor among others, but it does not mandate hiring based on quotas.

Question 8

Opponents to affirmative action and multicultural education on university and college campuses do not claim which of the following?
A) Classes that only emphasize a Western culture have declined to be replaced by more world history courses.
B) Lower academic standards had to be set in order to attract more minority students.
C) Multicultural education has caused a decline in academic standards and the rigors of a traditional education.
D) An inclusive education is used to promote a political agenda rather than an academic agenda.

Accepted Answer

Opponents to affirmative action and multicultural education typically do not claim that classes emphasizing Western culture have declined to be replaced by more world history courses. This statement does not align with the usual criticisms which focus on academic standards and political agendas.

Question 9

Reddy's "predictable baggage" refers to
A) The lack of college readiness evidenced by many first generation college students
B) The separation and isolation often experienced by persons of color in college
C) The skills that are lacking among those who are advantaged affirmative action programs
D) The preparedness of white male students for virtually every element of the society in which we live

Accepted Answer

The answer of Reddy's "predictable baggage" refers to
A) The lack...

Question 10

According to Musil (1996) what was a major limitation of the first courses developed to study diversity?
A) Men did not want to take the classes because they feel uncomfortable.
B) They focused on the differences rather than the similarities of various groups.
C) They did not examine the reality of multiple identities.
D) Not enough colleges and universities offered these classes.

Accepted Answer

Musil (1996) identified that a major limitation of the first courses developed to study diversity was that they did not examine the reality of multiple identities, which is crucial for understanding the complexity of diversity.

Question 11

The U.S. Supreme Court ruling on the University of Michigan's admissions procedures was based on the rule that
A) Racial categories on application materials were inadequate.
B) While race can be used as a factor in admissions it cannot be linked to the existence of racial quotas.
C) Race and racial quotas cannot play a role in admissions decisions.
D) For race to be used in college admissions, in any form, violates the civil rights of white students.

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court ruled that race can be considered as one of many factors in college admissions but cannot be used to establish racial quotas, which would be unconstitutional.

Question 12

What minority group has the largest amount of purchasing power in the United States?
A) African Americans
B) Hispanic Americans
C) LGBT people
D) Women

Accepted Answer

Women have the largest amount of purchasing power in the United States, with an estimated $7.3 trillion in spending power.

Question 13

A valid reason that corporations have been successful at promoting diversity in the work place is that
A) Corporations understand the purchasing power of diverse consumers.
B) Larger numbers of minorities who are college-educated are entering the workforce.
C) Court rulings have applied pressure to corporations to promote diversity.
D) Affirmative action programs have proved successful in business models.

Accepted Answer

Corporations recognize the economic benefits of appealing to a diverse consumer base, which drives them to promote diversity within their workforce.

Question 14

Which is not a primary reason why companies should increase their diversity and create a positive work environment?
A) Diversity improves productivity and reduces turnover costs.
B) There is less perception of bias in the workplace.
C) Employees develop a better understanding of each other.
D) Diversity issues must be addressed to avoid legal actions.

Accepted Answer

While addressing diversity issues can help avoid legal actions, it is not a primary reason for increasing diversity and creating a positive work environment. The primary reasons are more focused on improving productivity, reducing turnover, and fostering a better understanding among employees.

Question 15

Recognition of the importance of diversity in the workplace
A) Is a characteristic of most successful businesses because they understand the advantages of promoting workplace diversity.
B) Is less likely in rural areas where diversity is not as prevalent.
C) Could be substantially improved across most business sectors.
D) Has improved broadly as a result of several high profile and costly lawsuits.

Accepted Answer

Is a characteristic of most successful businesses because they understand the advantages of promoting workplace diversity.

Question 16

What was the result of a 2015 court decision against Abercrombie & Fitch?
A) Employers are mandated to provide religious accommodations for employees.
B) Corporations must develop guidelines for transgender use of bathrooms.
C) Employees cannot be terminated for filing discrimination complaints against employers.
D) American business executives must become more attentive to diversity.

Accepted Answer

The 2015 Supreme Court decision in the case of EEOC v. Abercrombie & Fitch Stores, Inc. ruled that employers must provide religious accommodations for employees, even if the employee has not explicitly requested one, as long as the need for an accommodation is a motivating factor in the employer's decision.

Question 17

Which was not a reason for the effectiveness of current diversity training?
A) Covered a broad range of topics.
B) Emphasized "sensitivity training."
C) Focused on the pragmatic reasons for promoting diversity.
D) Developed communication skills.

Accepted Answer

Sensitivity training often focuses on emotional responses rather than practical skills or understanding, which may not effectively address the complexities of diversity in the workplace.

Question 18

What problems persist for women in the business community?
A) The glass ceiling
B) Salary inequities
C) Sexual harassment
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Women in the business community continue to face multiple challenges, including the glass ceiling, salary inequities, and sexual harassment, making "All of the above" the correct choice.

Question 19

Which of the following statements reflects the trend of pluralism in media related professions?
A) The majority of workers for the behind the camera jobs in media are women and people of color.
B) The majority of college students majoring in journalism are female.
C) The majority of sports coverage is done by African American reporters.
D) The majority of recent college graduates who are able to find a job in media are people of color.

Accepted Answer

The trend of pluralism in media-related professions is reflected in the increasing number of women majoring in journalism, indicating a shift towards more gender diversity in the field.

Question 20

The positive portrayal of a person with a disability in prominent advertisement
A) Can be seen as an insensitive way to market or promote a product.
B) Has very little to do with market segment.
C) Can spawn a trend resulting in larger numbers of similar advertisements.
D) Is ineffectual because people with disabilities have very little purchasing power.

Accepted Answer

Positive portrayals can influence societal norms and encourage more inclusive advertising, leading to a trend of similar advertisements.

Quiz 14: Pluralism in Society: Creating Unity in a Diverse America

In which area has U.S. corporations been in conflict with the current administration in the White House?

What was the original purpose of affirmative action?

What is the first step a court orders to determine if an affirmative action plan is needed for a business?

Proponents of affirmative action argue that

Opponents of affirmative action argue all of the following except that

The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled all but which of the following?

After interviewing for a federal job, Eric, a white male, argues that he did not get the job because the federal government is required to hire minorities and women based on affirmative action quotas. What is wrong with his argument?

Opponents to affirmative action and multicultural education on university and college campuses do not claim which of the following?

Reddy's "predictable baggage" refers to

According to Musil (1996) what was a major limitation of the first courses developed to study diversity?

The U.S. Supreme Court ruling on the University of Michigan's admissions procedures was based on the rule that

What minority group has the largest amount of purchasing power in the United States?

A valid reason that corporations have been successful at promoting diversity in the work place is that

Which is not a primary reason why companies should increase their diversity and create a positive work environment?

Recognition of the importance of diversity in the workplace

What was the result of a 2015 court decision against Abercrombie & Fitch?

Which was not a reason for the effectiveness of current diversity training?

What problems persist for women in the business community?

Which of the following statements reflects the trend of pluralism in media related professions?

The positive portrayal of a person with a disability in prominent advertisement