Question 1

The consequences of a behaviour influence whether an organism will perform the same behaviour in the future; this is the basic premise of  _____________.

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Question 2

According to Skinner, when operantly conditioning a behaviour the reinforcer should be presented____________________ the target behaviour.

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Question 3

The scallop effect involves slow initial responding followed by accelerated responding as the reinforcement draws closer. The scallop effect is characteristic of a schedule of reinforcement called the  ____________.

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Question 4

A stimulus that is associated with stimuli such as water, food, and shelter will become a____________________ reinforcer.

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Question 5

Gina's mother gives her a blue chip after every book she finishes. When she has five chips, her mother treats her to a movie. This form of learning Gina's mother is using is called the____________________.

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Question 6

My paycheque comes every two weeks whether I work very hard or not. I am being paid on a schedule of reinforcement called the ____________________.

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Question 7

Elizabeth no longer has a difficult time finding her way around the new mall because after several visits she developed a ____________________ of the mall.

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Question 8

Sparky, a puppy, learns to pick up his feeding dish and drop it by the door for his owner to feed him after seeing his mother do likewise. Bandura would have stated that Sparky learned the behaviour through  ____________ learning.

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Question 9

If you reinforce successively closer approximations of a behaviour until the desired behaviour is displayed, you are using the operant conditioning procedure called ____________________.

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Question 10

Describe the basic process of classical conditioning, using an example. Be sure to identify the unconditioned stimulus (US), the unconditioned response (UR), the conditioned stimulus (CS), and the conditioned response (CR).

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Question 11

Use an example to explain the difference between negative reinforcement and punishment.

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Question 12

Knowing the disadvantages of punishment that are presented in the textbook, what arguments would you use to persuade parents to stop or reduce their use of punishment?

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Question 13

Explain how Bandura's work with children and Bo-Bo dolls demonstrated that learning could occur without reinforcement.

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Question 14

Define and give an example of a cognitive map.

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Question 15

Describe the role of feedback in skill learning.

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Question 16

Discuss the differences between primary and secondary reinforcers.

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Question 17

Explain how stimulus discrimination and stimulus generalization can work together.

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Question 18

Why was Skinner opposed to the use of mental processes to explain behaviour?

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Question 19

Which schedule of reinforcement would you use to reinforce your child to read more books?

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Question 20

Which schedule of reinforcement would you suggest a mother use to make her son clean his room, if she wants the behaviour to endure after she stops reinforcing?

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Quiz 6: Conditioning and Learning

The consequences of a behaviour influence whether an organism will perform the same behaviour in the future; this is the basic premise of _____________.