Question 1

Thorndike's __________ argues that the consequences of a behavior will either strengthen or weaken that behavior.

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Question 2

A contemporary approach that connects personality psychology to behaviorism assesses personality by looking at how often a person performs certain observable behaviors. This is called the __________ approach.

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Question 3

In __________ conditioning, behavior is changed by manipulating its consequences.

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Question 4

Gradually, __________ of the personality can be achieved by manipulating the environment to reinforce a desired end behavior.

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Question 5

The belief that all human behavior is caused and that humans have no free will is known as __________.

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Question 6

The theory that proposes that our likelihood of responding in certain ways is built up in terms of a hierarchy of secondary, or acquired, drives is central to __________ theory.

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Question 7

In social learning theory, __________ are drives that are learned by association with the satisfaction of primary drives.

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Question 8

A(n) __________ is a learned hierarchy of the likelihood that a person will produce particular responses in particular situations.

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Question 9

The __________ hypothesis proposes that aggression is always the result of blocking, or frustrating, an individual's efforts to attain a goal.

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Question 10

Briefly describe Pavlov's conditioning of neurotic behavior in dogs. What kind of insight does this give us into the way that neuroticism might be "conditioned" in humans?

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Question 11

What can be done to "extinguish" classically conditioned fear responses? Which method seems to work best? Why is it that classically conditioned fear responses are unlikely to be extinguished without some sort of intervention?

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Question 12

Describe the basic tenets behind Skinner's book Beyond Freedom and Dignity. Do you believe it would be possible to create a society like this? Do you think it would be a good idea? Why?

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Question 13

What is the difference between a primary drive and a secondary drive? According to Dollard & Miller, how are drives related to "habits"?

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Question 14

How does the concept of reinforcement help to explain varying normative levels of personality "traits" in different cultures?

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Question 15

How did Dollard & Miller reconcile their theories with the Freudian school of thought?

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Question 16

Compare and contrast the main principles of classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Provide an example of when classical conditioning may be useful. Provide an example when operant conditioning may be useful.

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Question 17

Describe three different situations in which a person would be subjected to each of the three conflicts described by Dollard and Miller. In each situation use only one of the conflicts.

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Quiz 6: Behaviorist and Learning Aspects of Personality