Question 1

Social facilitation occurs

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation refers to the tendency for people to perform better on simple or well-learned tasks when in the presence of others, either performing the same task or observing.

Question 2

The children in Triplett's classic study of social facilitation reeled in more fishing line when they were

Accepted Answer

Triplett's study found that children performed better at a task when they were in the presence of others, demonstrating the concept of social facilitation.

Question 3

At basketball practice John is a good free-throw shooter. He shoots his free-throws even better in actual games. John's behavior illustrates social

Accepted Answer

Facilitation is the improvement in performance that occurs when individuals work together in a group. In this case, John's performance improves when he is in an actual game, which is a social situation.

Question 4

Bill is the field-goal kicker on his high school football team. He makes an average of 60 percent of his kicks in practice, but only 30 percent in actual games. Bill's behavior illustrates social

Accepted Answer

Bill's performance decreases in actual games compared to practice, which is an example of social inhibition, where the presence of others negatively affects performance.

Question 5

According to Robert Zajonc, the presence of others increases a person's

Accepted Answer

According to Robert Zajonc, the presence of others increases a person's motivation, as it enhances performance on simple or well-learned tasks due to increased arousal.

Question 6

According to Zajonc, whether the increased drive state (resulting from being in the presence of others) improves or impedes an individual's performance depends on the

Accepted Answer

Zajonc's theory suggests that the presence of others increases arousal, which enhances performance on simple or well-learned tasks but impairs performance on complex or new tasks. Thus, the nature of the task determines the effect of increased arousal on performance.

Question 7

Social facilitation occurs most frequently with tasks that are

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation refers to the tendency for people to perform better on tasks when in the presence of others, and this effect is most pronounced with tasks that are well-learned or simple.

Question 8

Your friend is appearing in a play that opens tomorrow night. He is concerned about possibly forgetting his lines and asks your opinion. Based on your knowledge of social facilitation, your first question to him is

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation suggests that performance can improve on well-learned tasks in the presence of others. Asking how well he knows his lines assesses his preparedness, which is crucial for predicting whether social facilitation will enhance or impair his performance.

Question 9

In the research on pool players conducted by Michaels and colleagues (1982), the good players performed the best when they were

Accepted Answer

The study found that good players performed better when being observed by others, which aligns with the social facilitation theory.

Question 10

Your roommate spends hours in front of a mirror before going out on a blind date. You say to yourself, "He is clearly suffering from

Accepted Answer

Evaluation apprehension refers to the concern or anxiety about being judged by others, which can lead to behaviors like spending extra time on appearance before a social event.

Question 11

In social psychology, the phenomenon of social _____ is said to occur when people work less hard in the presence of others than they would alone.

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is the phenomenon of people working less hard in the presence of others than they would alone.

Question 12

According to Karau & Williams' (1995) collective effort model of social loafing, which factor does NOT determine how hard a person will work on a group task?

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem is not a factor in Karau & Williams' (1995) collective effort model of social loafing.

Question 13

Applying the lessons of social loafing, one way to motivate group members to work harder is to

Accepted Answer

The answer of Applying the lessons of social loafing, one...

Question 14

Martina believes that the group project she is working on is very important, and she observes that her group members are performing inadequately. What is Martina most likely to do?

Accepted Answer

Martina is likely to engage in social compensation, where she increases her effort to make up for her group members' inadequate performance because she believes the project is important.

Question 15

The cross-cultural research on social loafing among American and Chinese ninth-grade students revealed differences in social loafing were found only for

Accepted Answer

The research found that differences in social loafing between American and Chinese students were significant only among boys, not girls.

Question 16

Social impact theory suggests that the total impact of other people on an individual depends on three characteristics of the observers, namely,

Accepted Answer

Social impact theory posits that the impact of others on an individual is determined by the strength (importance or power), number (how many people), and immediacy (closeness in time and space) of the observers.

Question 17

Latane suggests that social impact can be compared to

Accepted Answer

Latane's Social Impact Theory compares social impact to light falling onto a surface, emphasizing how social influence is affected by strength, immediacy, and number of sources, similar to how light intensity is affected by distance and angle.

Question 18

Your meek and mild-mannered roommate explained her participation in a violent, anti-war protest by saying, "Everyone else was so excited and angry that I became excited and angry too!"Her explanation is consistent with the views of

Accepted Answer

Le Bon's theory of crowd behavior suggests that individuals in a crowd can lose their sense of individual identity and become influenced by the emotions and actions of the crowd, leading to behavior they might not exhibit alone.

Question 19

According to your text, Le Bon explained social contagion in terms of

Accepted Answer

Le Bon explained social contagion as a breakdown of normal control mechanisms, where individuals in a crowd lose their sense of individuality and rationality, leading to a collective behavior.

Question 20

One possible reason that people may act differently while they're wearing costumes on Halloween is

Accepted Answer

Deindividuation refers to the loss of self-awareness and individual accountability in group situations, which can occur when people wear costumes and feel anonymous, leading them to act differently.

Quiz 10: Behavior in Groups