Question 1

Which of the following is atypical of a female juvenile offender?

Accepted Answer

Female juvenile offenders often come from unstable family backgrounds, making a history of healthy relationships, especially with a father, atypical.

Question 2

The blocked opportunity concept is related to which of the following explanations of girls' delinquency?

Accepted Answer

The blocked opportunity concept is related to sociological explanations of girls' delinquency, suggesting that societal limitations or lack of opportunities contribute to delinquent behavior.

Question 3

Which of the following theories explains why offenders who experience stresses from high aspirations and lack of opportunity may commit crimes?

Accepted Answer

General strain theory posits that individuals who experience stress or strain, particularly when they have high aspirations that are not met due to lack of opportunities, are more likely to engage in criminal behavior as a means to cope with or escape from their frustrations.

Question 4

Which of the following has addressed the innate female nature and its relationship to deviant behavior?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following has addressed the...

Question 5

Which of the following theories examines adolescent females' sexual and physical victimization at home and its relationship to crime?

Accepted Answer

The feminist theory of delinquency specifically addresses issues related to gender and how societal norms and structures, including those within the family, can lead to different pathways to delinquency for females compared to males. It examines how experiences such as sexual and physical victimization at home can influence a female's involvement in crime.

Question 6

Which of the following choices is one of the reasons for female delinquency according to Chesney-Lind?

Accepted Answer

Chesney-Lind's theory on female delinquency emphasizes the role of gender-based issues, such as running away from abusive homes characterized by sexual abuse and parental neglect, which can lead to a life of crime as a means of survival or escape.

Question 7

Which of these choices is a reason why females who are on the streets due to impoverished homes turn to crimes that exploit their sexuality?

Accepted Answer

Apart from their sexuality, these females have little value to trade and feel compelled to utilize their one resource.

Question 8

What is the likely reason why female runaways are forced to engage in panhandling, petty theft, and, often, prostitution to survive?

Accepted Answer

Female runaways often cannot enroll in school or take a job due to the fear of being detected and returned to the situation they fled from, leaving them with limited options for survival.

Question 9

Which of the following is True regarding female use of drugs and alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that female and male high school seniors tend to use alcohol and marijuana at similar rates, indicating no significant gender difference in the usage of these substances.

Question 10

Which of the following did Phelps and colleagues determine through a survey of almost 200 female youths in the Wisconsin juvenile justice system?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 79 percent had been subjected to physical abuse that resulted in some form of injury.

Question 11

In which of the following developmental paths of delinquency do the majority of male delinquents begin offending during their adolescent years and desist from delinquent behaviors around their eighteenth birthday?

Accepted Answer

The adolescence-limited path of delinquency describes individuals who begin offending during their adolescent years and typically desist from such behaviors around adulthood, often around their eighteenth birthday. This path contrasts with life-course persistent offenders, who begin offending early in life and continue into adulthood.

Question 12

Which of the following factors, affecting social construction of crime data on juvenile females' increased rates of violence, refers to zero tolerance policies?

Accepted Answer

Zero tolerance policies often lead to "upcriming," where minor offenses are treated as more serious crimes, contributing to increased rates of reported violence among juvenile females.

Question 13

Which of the following would be inaccurate regarding gender inequality and processing of the female delinquent?

Accepted Answer

Girls are actually detained at similar rates to boys for less serious offenses and can be held for longer periods, especially in cases related to status offenses or where their behavior is perceived as challenging gender norms. This contradicts the statement in option D, making it inaccurate.

Question 14

Rosemary Sarri claimed that the attitudes and ideologies of juvenile justice practitioners administering the law might lead officials to give females longer sentences than males. Under what guise are such practitioners operating?

Accepted Answer

Rosemary Sarri suggested that juvenile justice practitioners might operate under the guise of protecting female juveniles, which could lead to them receiving longer sentences than their male counterparts. This perspective is based on the belief that such measures are in the best interest of the female juveniles, despite the potential for unequal treatment.

Question 15

Which of the following is a reason that discriminatory treatment of female status offenders may be declining?

Accepted Answer

The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act includes provisions aimed at addressing and reducing gender bias in the treatment of juvenile offenders, which can contribute to a decline in discriminatory treatment of female status offenders.

Question 16

Which of the following is a True statement?

Accepted Answer

Research and evidence have shown that juvenile court judges tend to use their contempt powers more frequently against female status offenders compared to male status offenders. This reflects a gender bias in the application of contempt charges within the juvenile justice system.

Question 17

The theory of cognitive transformation to explain desistance, or the dropping out of committing crime, was developed by whom?

Accepted Answer

Peggy C. Giordano and her colleagues developed the theory of cognitive transformation to explain desistance from crime, focusing on the internal cognitive shifts that facilitate a change in criminal behavior.

Question 18

Which of the following would be accurate regarding the risks confronted by lower-class adolescent females, compared to middle and upper class adolescent females?

Accepted Answer

Lower-class females often face more challenges in educational environments, including unsatisfactory experiences at school, due to factors like fewer resources, less support for education, and potentially more disruptive or challenging home and community environments.

Question 19

Which of the following is a form of exploitation by adolescent females?

Accepted Answer

Class oppression is a form of exploitation that can affect adolescent females, as it involves systemic inequalities and discrimination based on social class.

Question 20

Which of the following is a True statement?

Accepted Answer

Researchers often overlook the economic and political contexts of girls, leading to a lack of understanding of their situations.

Quiz 4: Gender and Juvenile Justice

Which of the following is atypical of a female juvenile offender?

The blocked opportunity concept is related to which of the following explanations of girls' delinquency?

Which of the following theories explains why offenders who experience stresses from high aspirations and lack of opportunity may commit crimes?

Which of the following has addressed the innate female nature and its relationship to deviant behavior?

Which of the following theories examines adolescent females' sexual and physical victimization at home and its relationship to crime?

Which of the following choices is one of the reasons for female delinquency according to Chesney-Lind?

Which of these choices is a reason why females who are on the streets due to impoverished homes turn to crimes that exploit their sexuality?

What is the likely reason why female runaways are forced to engage in panhandling, petty theft, and, often, prostitution to survive?

Which of the following is True regarding female use of drugs and alcohol?

Which of the following did Phelps and colleagues determine through a survey of almost 200 female youths in the Wisconsin juvenile justice system?

In which of the following developmental paths of delinquency do the majority of male delinquents begin offending during their adolescent years and desist from delinquent behaviors around their eighteenth birthday?

Which of the following factors, affecting social construction of crime data on juvenile females' increased rates of violence, refers to zero tolerance policies?

Which of the following would be inaccurate regarding gender inequality and processing of the female delinquent?

Rosemary Sarri claimed that the attitudes and ideologies of juvenile justice practitioners administering the law might lead officials to give females longer sentences than males. Under what guise are such practitioners operating?

Which of the following is a reason that discriminatory treatment of female status offenders may be declining?

Which of the following is a True statement?

The theory of cognitive transformation to explain desistance, or the dropping out of committing crime, was developed by whom?

Which of the following would be accurate regarding the risks confronted by lower-class adolescent females, compared to middle and upper class adolescent females?

Which of the following is a form of exploitation by adolescent females?

Which of the following is a True statement?