Question 1

What was the function of the Mexican Repatriation Programs?

Accepted Answer

The Mexican Repatriation was a mass deportation program that took place during the Great Depression, where thousands of Mexican nationals and Mexican-Americans were forced to leave the United States and return to Mexico, often through organized transport like trains.

Question 2

What events during the early portion of the twentieth century in the United States are referred to as the "Great Migration"?

Accepted Answer

The "Great Migration" refers to the movement of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North in the United States, primarily occurring between 1916 and 1970, in search of better economic opportunities and to escape Jim Crow laws and racial violence.

Question 3

In 1951, what percentage of new homes constructed in the city of Detroit were open to nonwhites?

Accepted Answer

In 1951, only 1% of new homes constructed in Detroit were open to nonwhites, reflecting the severe racial segregation and discrimination of that era.

Question 4

Between 1934 and 1962, the FHA and Veterans Administration financed more than $120 billion worth of new housing; what percentage of this real estate was available to nonwhite families?

Accepted Answer

Only about 2% of the real estate financed by the FHA and Veterans Administration between 1934 and 1962 was available to nonwhite families, reflecting the racial discrimination prevalent in housing policies during that period.

Question 5

What term is used to refer to the practice of drawing a border around nonwhite neighborhoods on a city map and designating them as too risky for loans or subsidies?

Accepted Answer

Redlining is the discriminatory practice where services (like banking, insurance, and access to jobs) are withheld from potential customers who reside in neighborhoods classified as 'hazardous' to investment, often based on racial composition. This practice historically contributed to racial segregation and economic disparities within cities.

Question 6

Razing entire nonwhite neighborhoods by the U.S. government for the purpose of building and profiting for another group or individual is officially referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Razing entire nonwhite neighborhoods by the U.S....

Question 7

During urban renewal projects in the mid-twentieth century, slum dwellers that were displaced did which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Urban renewal projects often led to the displacement of slum dwellers who, lacking better alternatives, frequently ended up moving to other overcrowded and impoverished areas, exacerbating the poor living conditions in those slums. The renewal efforts did not always provide the displaced populations with improved housing or employment opportunities directly related to the projects.

Question 8

When some nonwhite families began moving out of slum areas and into neighborhoods traditionally reserved for white people thanks to the Civil Rights Movement, many whites thought:

Accepted Answer

The fears and stereotypes held by many white individuals during the period of integration following the Civil Rights Movement encompassed a broad range of prejudices, including concerns about drugs, sexual immorality, crime, and the impact on property values. These fears were often unfounded and rooted in racial bias rather than factual evidence.

Question 9

White flight, spurred on by deindustrialization, began when?

Accepted Answer

White flight, spurred on by deindustrialization, began in the 1950s.

Question 10

Which one of the following was a tactic utilized under the broad category of "white fight"?

Accepted Answer

"White flight" refers to the phenomenon of white people moving out of urban areas, particularly those with a significant nonwhite population, into suburban or rural areas. This movement was often accompanied by various tactics to maintain racial segregation and discourage nonwhite people from moving into previously white-dominated areas. These tactics included intimidation, protests against nonwhites, violence against nonwhite families, and the establishment of neighborhood homeowner associations that could enforce racially exclusive policies. Thus, all the options listed were tactics utilized under the broad category of "white flight."

Question 11

Which of the following is a practice used by realtors to discriminate against nonwhite potential homebuyers?

Accepted Answer

All of the practices listed (A through D) are examples of discriminatory tactics used by some realtors to either directly or indirectly discourage nonwhite potential homebuyers from purchasing homes in certain areas, particularly majority white neighborhoods. These practices contribute to maintaining racial segregation in housing.

Question 12

On average, black and Hispanic individuals who look for housing end up paying how much ofa "discrimination tax"on top of the purchase price when all tools of discrimination are added up?

Accepted Answer

The answer of On average, black and Hispanic individuals who...

Question 13

Roughly how much of all property tax revenue is used for public elementary and secondary education?

Accepted Answer

About half of all property tax revenue is typically used for public elementary and secondary education in the United States. This funding mechanism is a primary way local governments support their schools.

Question 14

While we like to think that all school children need only worry about studying hard and getting good grades, many students in racially isolated neighborhoods must first deal with which of the following before attempting high scholastic achievement?

Accepted Answer

Students in racially isolated neighborhoods often face multiple challenges before they can focus on academic achievement, including personal safety, avoiding street crime, steering clear of involvement with street gangs, and navigating the drug scene.

Question 15

Which of the following believes that new immigrants self-segregate in enclaves and rely on the enclave economy for their start?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following believes that new...

Question 16

Which of the following believes immigrants seek out ethnic enclaves so they can live near others who enjoy the same language, holidays, food, and culture even though they could live somewhere else?

Accepted Answer

The ethnic community thesis posits that immigrants intentionally cluster in ethnic enclaves to be near others who share their language, holidays, food, and culture, providing a sense of community and familiarity in a new country.

Question 17

Which group does your textbook mention as having filled the niche left open by former Jewish shopkeepers, especially in the black ghetto?

Accepted Answer

Koreans filled the niche left open by former Jewish shopkeepers, especially in black ghettos, by establishing small businesses and shops. This phenomenon is particularly noted in urban areas where Koreans became prominent in the small business sector.

Question 18

Which of the following refers to the process of affluent individuals moving into an area populated by poorer residents and raising property values and taxes and the original residents can no longer afford to live there?

Accepted Answer

Gentrification refers to the process where affluent individuals move into economically disadvantaged neighborhoods, leading to increased property values and taxes. This often results in the displacement of the original, lower-income residents who can no longer afford to live there.

Question 19

Which of the following is a social mechanism driving the process of gentrification?

Accepted Answer

Gentrification often involves changes in racial dynamics, as wealthier, often predominantly white populations move into historically minority neighborhoods, altering the social and economic fabric.

Question 20

Which of the following is the defining characteristic of the ghetto in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The defining characteristic of the ghetto in the United States encompasses all of these aspects: economic disenfranchisement, exclusion from national security considerations, being forgotten or omitted from the collective national imagination and memory, and being cut off from welfare state services. These factors together contribute to the systemic marginalization and isolation of ghettoized communities.

Quiz 5: Housing