Question 1

Which of the following is true of evidence-based practices in the criminal justice system?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Mary is a policymaker who is very concerned about public opinion. For this reason, she tends to support the status quo because the public believes it works. Which of the following best describes Mary's attitude?

Accepted Answer

Mary's attitude is best described as resistance to new strategies because she prefers to support the existing status quo due to public opinion, indicating a reluctance to adopt new or different approaches.

Question 3

Sebastian works in the criminal justice system. He enjoys performing his job the way he always has, and becomes very frustrated when his supervisor informs him that they are implementing a new evidence-based policy that will change the way he works. Which of the following best describes Sebastian's attitude?

Accepted Answer

Sebastian's frustration with the change in his work routine, preferring to perform his job the way he always has, exemplifies complacency among line staff. This attitude reflects a resistance to change and a preference for the status quo, rather than a fear of the unknown or a direct resistance to new strategies from a policymaker's perspective.

Question 4

Francesca is a community member who has recently heard about a restorative justice program being introduced into her community. She is against the introduction of this program because she feels it is soft on crime. Which of the following best describes Francesca's attitude?

Accepted Answer

Francesca's attitude is best described as a desire for retribution because she feels the restorative justice program is "soft on crime," indicating she prefers a more punitive approach to justice.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a positive outcome of accountability in the criminal justice system?

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

Kristin is a researcher who is interested in examining whether incarcerated persons should be required to participate in treatment programs. What type of a question is this?

Accepted Answer

This is an ethical question because it deals with the moral principles governing the requirement for incarcerated persons to participate in treatment programs, questioning what is right or wrong in this context.

Question 7

Josie is a researcher who is interested in examining how ethics are related to the exercise of police officer discretion. What type of a question is this?

Accepted Answer

The question Josie is interested in is directly related to ethics, as it seeks to explore the relationship between ethical considerations and the discretionary actions of police officers.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a challenge to developing evidence-based practices raised by Griffiths?

Accepted Answer

Griffiths raised concerns about cost, issues defining success, and lack of awareness about evidence-based practices as challenges but did not mention public complacency as a challenge to developing evidence-based practices.

Question 9

Lara feels that she has been subject to police-based discrimination based on her cultural background. If her belief is true, which of the Charter sections has been violated?

Accepted Answer

Section 15(1) of the Charter guarantees equal protection and benefit of the law without discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, sex, age, or mental or physical disability, which would include discrimination based on cultural background.

Question 10

Tessa is a policy researcher who is recommending a form of criminal justice reform that emphasizes alternatives to incarceration, and evidence-based assessments of criminal justice policies. What approach is Tessa recommending?

Accepted Answer

Tessa is recommending a "smart on crime" approach, which focuses on alternatives to incarceration and relies on evidence-based assessments to guide criminal justice policies. This approach aims to be more effective and efficient in reducing crime by addressing its root causes and rehabilitating offenders, rather than solely punishing them.

Question 11

Miko works in the criminal justice system and is very concerned about penalties being imposed that have no relation to offence seriousness or offender culpability. Which of the following best reflects Miko's concern?

Accepted Answer

Miko's concern about penalties not matching the seriousness of the offense or the culpability of the offender reflects a concern with over-criminalization, where laws or penalties are excessively harsh or broad.

Question 12

Hank is a politician who justifies his stance on legislation and criminal justice policy by pointing to public pressure. What is this behaviour is an example of?

Accepted Answer

Penal populism refers to the approach of making decisions on criminal justice policies based on public opinion and pressure rather than on expert advice or empirical evidence. Hank's behavior of justifying his stance by pointing to public pressure is a classic example of penal populism.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT true of the recent trend towards increased use of technology in the criminal justice system?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is B because the use of technology in the criminal justice system often outpaces the development of strict guidelines, leading to concerns about privacy, ethics, and effectiveness.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true of the operation of the criminal justice system in a diverse society?

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

Which of the following criminal justice initiatives has emerged in an effort to deal with the problem of over-criminalization?

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

What are some of the major challenges associated with developing evidence-based practices in the criminal justice system?

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Question 17

Bill C-10 was developed without consideration of the experience of other jurisdictions (e.g., the United States). If the federal government had considered the U.S. experience, how might this Bill have differed?

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

The development of evidence-based practice in Canada has been hindered by a lack of research. What are some of the major reasons for an absence of Canadian research in this area?

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Question 19

What are some of the positive effects/consequences of criminal justice system accountability?

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

Consider the arguments for and against introducing legislation requiring the criminal justice system to adopt evidence-based practices and to discontinue practices that are shown to be ineffective.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 14: Going Forward: Challenges to and Opportunities for Criminal Justice Reform