Question 1

The invisible "bubble" that surrounds individuals and is used to define one's preferred distance from others is known as
A) territoriality
B) the proxemic zone
C) personal space
D) affiliative space

Accepted Answer

Personal space refers to the invisible "bubble" that surrounds individuals, indicating their preferred physical distance from others to feel comfortable and secure.

Question 2

Social distance usually ranges from _________ to _________.
A) 12 feet; beyond
B) 18 inches; 4 feet
C) 0 inches; 18 inches
D) 4 feet; 12 feet

Accepted Answer

Social distance typically ranges from 4 feet to 12 feet, which is the space people usually maintain in social settings or among acquaintances to communicate or interact without invading personal space.

Question 3

Which of the personal space zones is described as typically being reserved for family and close friends?
A) intimate
B) personal
C) social
D) public

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

All of the following statements about Expectancy Violations Theory (EVT) are true EXCEPT
A) expectations for personal space and distance in conversations have received considerable attention in the study of expectancy violations
B) EVT was initially developed to examine the influence of nonverbal communication on message production
C) the focus of EVT lies in examining the impact that deviations from expectations for others' behaviors have on the communication process
D) people typically are uncertain about what to expect with regard to the verbal and nonverbal behaviors of others

Accepted Answer

Expectancy Violations Theory (EVT) posits that people have expectations about the verbal and nonverbal behaviors of others based on social norms, individual characteristics, and the context of the interaction, rather than being typically uncertain about these expectations.

Question 5

The debate team meets in the same classroom each week to discuss upcoming tournaments and to rehearse their presentations. They have the room reserved for their use from 6 to 10 every Tuesday and Thursday night. This room represents which type of territory for them?
A) primary
B) secondary
C) public
D) tertiary

Accepted Answer

Secondary territories are areas that don't belong to someone permanently but are temporarily occupied and seen as someone's space during that time, like the debate team using the classroom at specific times.

Question 6

_________ refer(s) to the positive or negative characteristics that an individual brings to an interaction.
A) Implicit expectancies
B) Explicit expectancies
C) Communicator reward valence
D) Arousal

Accepted Answer

Communicator reward valence refers to the positive or negative characteristics that an individual brings to an interaction, influencing how their messages are received and interpreted.

Question 7

All of the following are assumptions of Expectancy Violations Theory identified by the authors EXCEPT
A) Expectancies for human behavior are learned.
B) Expectancies for human behavior are frequently incorrect.
C) Expectancies drive human interaction.
D) People make predictions about nonverbal behavior.

Accepted Answer

Expectancy Violations Theory posits that people have expectations for others' behavior that guide their interactions. These expectations are learned from social norms and personal experiences (A), and they influence how we interpret and respond to others' nonverbal behavior (D). The theory also suggests that these expectancies motivate our interactions (C). However, it does not assume that expectancies for human behavior are frequently incorrect (B); instead, it focuses on how people respond when their expectations are met or violated.

Question 8

Acts by high-reward sources are typically assigned _________ meanings; the same act performed by a low-reward source may be assigned a _________ meaning.
A) positive/positive
B) positive/negative
C) negative/positive
D) negative/negative

Accepted Answer

Acts performed by high-reward sources are often seen in a positive light, while the same acts by low-reward sources might be viewed negatively, reflecting how context and source influence perception.

Question 9

Nancy has learned that it is important for her to maintain a social distance of personal space from her supervisor when communicating face-to-face. She also makes an effort to look her supervisor directly in the eye during interactions. These behaviors reflect Nancy's _________ expectations.
A) pre-interactional
B) post-interactional
C) interactional
D) conversational

Accepted Answer

Nancy's behaviors reflect her interactional expectations, which pertain to the norms and rules guiding how individuals should interact or communicate with each other in social settings. Maintaining social distance and making eye contact are part of these interactional norms.

Question 10

Holly finds herself moving back when communicating with her friend Lui, who is from Saudi Arabia, because he seems to insist on standing within 18 inches of her when talking. Which type of arousal is Holly experiencing?
A) cognitive
B) physical
C) behavioral
D) spatial

Accepted Answer

The answer of Holly finds herself moving back when communicating...

Question 11

The consequences that result from deviations from expected behaviors are known as
A) arousal
B) threat threshold
C) violation valence
D) expectancies

Accepted Answer

The answer of The consequences that result from deviations from...

Question 12

Which approach to knowing characterizes the research undertaken using EVT?
A) ontological
B) interpretive/hermeneutic
C) positivistic/empirical
D) critical

Accepted Answer

Expectancy Violation Theory (EVT) is primarily associated with a positivistic/empirical approach to research. This approach involves the collection and analysis of data in a systematic, objective manner to understand phenomena, which aligns with how EVT studies are typically conducted. EVT, a communication theory, examines how individuals respond to unexpected behaviors of others and the impact of these behaviors on their perceptions. The theory's investigations and hypotheses can be tested and observed in controlled settings, making it empirical in nature.

Question 13

Expectancy Violations Theory has been criticized due to its
A) lack of attention to age differences in expectancies
B) reliance on self-report measures for arousal
C) homogeneity of expectancies
D) inconsistencies in expectancies

Accepted Answer

The answer of Expectancy Violations Theory has been criticized due...

Question 14

When we are not clear in our ability to evaluate a violation positively or negatively, we use _________ as a measure for the intensity of the violation.
A) communicator reward valence
B) prior experience
C) threat threshold
D) arousal

Accepted Answer

Communicator reward valence is used as a measure for the intensity of a violation when we are not clear in our ability to evaluate it positively or negatively. This concept is part of Expectancy Violations Theory, which suggests that people assess unexpected behaviors by the potential rewards or punishments that the communicator can deliver.

Question 15

Expectancy Violations Theory is grounded primarily in the _________ and _________ contexts of communication.
A) intrapersonal/interpersonal
B) organizational/intrapersonal
C) interpersonal/public
D) intercultural/small group

Accepted Answer

Expectancy Violations Theory primarily focuses on how individuals respond to unexpected behaviors in both intrapersonal (within oneself) and interpersonal (between individuals) communication contexts. It examines how these unexpected behaviors affect the perception and outcome of interactions.

Question 16

When an individual becomes cognitively or physically aroused by an expectancy violation, that individual will likely
A) feel romantically attracted to the violator
B) automatically assign a negative meaning to the violation
C) become more focused on the violation than the message itself
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

When an expectancy violation occurs, individuals often become more focused on the violation itself rather than the message, as it disrupts their expectations and draws their attention.

Question 17

Which communication tradition is most closely associated with Expectancy Violations Theory?
A) critical
B) socio-psychological
C) empirical
D) socio-cultural

Accepted Answer

Expectancy Violations Theory is most closely associated with the socio-psychological tradition. This tradition focuses on individual psychological processes and the ways in which human behavior is influenced by social and interpersonal dynamics, which aligns with the core concerns of Expectancy Violations Theory.

Question 18

Athena isn't usually bothered by distance violations of others, which is something Artemis cannot understand. When someone comes within a distance Artemis considers "too close for comfort," she becomes angry and starts inching away from the person. Athena and Artemis differ greatly in their
A) violation valence
B) intimate distance
C) perception of arousal
D) threat threshold

Accepted Answer

Athena and Artemis differ in their threat threshold, which refers to the point at which a person feels discomfort or threat from someone encroaching on their personal space. Artemis has a lower threat threshold than Athena, causing her to react when someone gets too close.

Question 19

Expectancy violations are always evaluated negatively.

Accepted Answer

Expectancy violations can be evaluated either positively or negatively depending on the nature of the violation and the relationship between the individuals involved. Positive evaluations can occur if the violation leads to better outcomes than expected.

Question 20

We frequently lay claim to various spatial areas that we want to protect or defend.

Accepted Answer

Humans and animals often establish territories or personal spaces that they seek to protect or defend from others, which is a behavior observed across various species and societies.

Quiz 7: Expectancy Violations Theory

The invisible "bubble" that surrounds individuals and is used to define one's preferred distance from others is known as

Social distance usually ranges from _ to _.

Which of the personal space zones is described as typically being reserved for family and close friends?

All of the following statements about Expectancy Violations Theory (EVT) are true EXCEPT

The debate team meets in the same classroom each week to discuss upcoming tournaments and to rehearse their presentations. They have the room reserved for their use from 6 to 10 every Tuesday and Thursday night. This room represents which type of territory for them?

_________ refer(s) to the positive or negative characteristics that an individual brings to an interaction.

All of the following are assumptions of Expectancy Violations Theory identified by the authors EXCEPT

Acts by high-reward sources are typically assigned _ meanings; the same act performed by a low-reward source may be assigned a _ meaning.

Nancy has learned that it is important for her to maintain a social distance of personal space from her supervisor when communicating face-to-face. She also makes an effort to look her supervisor directly in the eye during interactions. These behaviors reflect Nancy's _________ expectations.

Holly finds herself moving back when communicating with her friend Lui, who is from Saudi Arabia, because he seems to insist on standing within 18 inches of her when talking. Which type of arousal is Holly experiencing?

The consequences that result from deviations from expected behaviors are known as

Which approach to knowing characterizes the research undertaken using EVT?

Expectancy Violations Theory has been criticized due to its

When we are not clear in our ability to evaluate a violation positively or negatively, we use _________ as a measure for the intensity of the violation.

Expectancy Violations Theory is grounded primarily in the _ and _ contexts of communication.

When an individual becomes cognitively or physically aroused by an expectancy violation, that individual will likely

Which communication tradition is most closely associated with Expectancy Violations Theory?

Athena isn't usually bothered by distance violations of others, which is something Artemis cannot understand. When someone comes within a distance Artemis considers "too close for comfort," she becomes angry and starts inching away from the person. Athena and Artemis differ greatly in their

Expectancy violations are always evaluated negatively.

We frequently lay claim to various spatial areas that we want to protect or defend.