Question 1

Which skills are involved in executive functions?
A) Planning
B) Monitoring one's behavior
C) Regulating one's behavior
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Executive functions involve a range of cognitive skills including planning, monitoring one's behavior, and regulating one's behavior, thus all the options listed are correct.

Question 2

Which is not an executive function?
A) Decision making
B) Goal-directed behavior
C) Inhibiting impulses
D) Opinion formation

Accepted Answer

Opinion formation is not typically classified as an executive function. Executive functions include cognitive processes such as decision making, goal-directed behavior, and inhibiting impulses, which are crucial for planning, problem-solving, and regulating behaviors. Opinion formation, while important, is more related to personal beliefs and values rather than the cognitive control processes governed by executive functions.

Question 3

Which is the ability to focus on environmental demands in the face of distractions, irrelevant information, and habitual or overlearned behaviors?
A) Memory
B) Attentional control
C) Self-control
D) Non-abstract focus

Accepted Answer

Attentional control is the cognitive ability to manage one's focus and direct attention towards relevant stimuli while ignoring distractions. This is essential for processing environmental demands efficiently.

Question 4

Many children, adolescents, and adults have difficulty modulating unwanted thoughts, feelings, and emotions and therefore struggle to control their behavior. Which concept is this?
A) Emotional control
B) Self-control
C) Inhibitory control
D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

Inhibitory control refers to the ability to control one's thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, particularly the ability to resist unwanted or irrelevant stimuli. This concept is directly related to the difficulty in modulating unwanted thoughts, feelings, and emotions to control behavior.

Question 5

A social work client is unable to modulate emotion and reward-based motivations and the result is behavioral disinhibition, which is a general behavioral tendency characterized by failure to inhibit antisocial behaviors because of susceptibility to emotional impulses and rewards. Which common social work client problem often results from behavioral disinhibition?
A) Homicidal ideation
B) Substance use and abuse
C) Poverty
D) Divorce

Accepted Answer

Behavioral disinhibition often leads to substance use and abuse because individuals may seek out substances as a way to self-medicate or manage their inability to regulate emotions and impulses. This can result in a cycle of abuse and dependency.

Question 6

Behavioral disinhibition has been linked to which behavioral outcomes?
A) Delinquency
B) Conduct problems
C) Drug problems
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Behavioral disinhibition, characterized by impulsivity and a lack of restraint, has been linked to various negative outcomes, including delinquency, conduct problems, and drug problems, making all of the options correct.

Question 7

Which type of ADHD is most associated with cognitive and academic problems?
A) ADHD, inattention type
B) ADHD, hyperactivity/impulsivity type
C) ADHD, combined type
D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

ADHD, inattention type is most associated with cognitive and academic problems due to difficulties in sustaining attention, following through on tasks, and organizing activities.

Question 8

Behavioral genetic at the Institute for Behavioral Genetics at the University of Colorado found that executive functioning was how heritable?
A) 99%
B) 50%
C) 19%
D) 9%

Accepted Answer

The answer of Behavioral genetic at the Institute for Behavioral...

Question 9

Research based on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent health data found that factors such as prenatal cigarette exposure, nutrition, breastfeeding, and maternal involvement were associated with executive functions. Why are these findings important to social work professionals?
A) All are entirely preventable and addressable by interventions
B) The findings are not important to social work professionals
C) All are entirely genetic in origin
D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

These findings are important because they highlight factors that can potentially be modified or addressed through interventions. Social work professionals can play a crucial role in implementing and advocating for programs and policies that aim to reduce prenatal cigarette exposure, improve nutrition, encourage breastfeeding, and enhance maternal involvement, thereby potentially improving executive functions in children.

Question 10

During infancy and toddlerhood, which behaviors reflect brain development relating to executive functions?
A) Engaging in eye contact
B) Attending to a caregiver
C) Looking toward sounds
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the behaviors listed - engaging in eye contact, attending to a caregiver, and looking toward sounds - reflect early brain development related to executive functions. These behaviors indicate the beginnings of attention control, one of the key components of executive functions.

Question 11

Auerbach's research has shown that behavioral markers of vulnerability to ADHD can be seen during which life stage?
A) Adulthood
B) Adolescence
C) Childhood
D) Prenatally

Accepted Answer

Auerbach's research indicates that behavioral markers for ADHD can be observed prenatally, suggesting that signs of ADHD can be detected before birth.

Question 12

What percent of social work professionals from a national survey felt that psychotropic medication was a necessary treatment for many emotional disorders?
A) 5%
B) 20%
C) 62%
D) 81%

Accepted Answer

81% of social work professionals from the survey believed that psychotropic medication was necessary for treating many emotional disorders.

Question 13

Academic success is enhanced by which executive functions?
A) Gratification delay
B) Memory
C) Attentional control
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed are components of executive functions that contribute to academic success. Gratification delay helps with impulse control and long-term goal setting, memory is crucial for learning and retaining information, and attentional control aids in focusing on tasks and managing distractions.

Question 14

Which is a successful interventions that targets executive functions?
A) DARE
B) GREAT
C) Scared Straight
D) Tools of the Mind

Accepted Answer

Tools of the Mind is a successful intervention targeting executive functions, designed to improve self-regulation and cognitive control in young children through structured play and academic activities.

Question 15

The implications of healthy and deficient executive functioning can be seen in which life stages?
A) Fetal environment and infancy
B) Childhood
C) Adolescence
D) Adulthood
E) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Executive functioning skills develop from the fetal environment and infancy, continuing to evolve through childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. These skills are crucial for planning, decision-making, problem-solving, and controlling impulses, affecting various life stages.

Question 16

Executive functions are basically the same thing as intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Executive functions refer to a set of cognitive processes that manage and regulate other cognitive abilities, such as planning, working memory, attention, problem solving, verbal reasoning, inhibition, mental flexibility, task switching, and the initiation and monitoring of actions. Intelligence, on the other hand, is a broader concept that encompasses not only these executive functions but also the ability to learn from experience, adapt to new situations, understand complex ideas, and use knowledge to manipulate one's environment. While executive functions are a component of intelligence, they are not synonymous with it.

Question 17

Several conditions that social work clients have, such as ADHD, autism, and various personality disorders directly relate to executive functioning deficits.

Accepted Answer

ADHD, autism, and various personality disorders often involve impairments in executive functioning, which includes skills such as planning, organization, impulse control, and flexible thinking.

Question 18

Criminologists have shown that executive functions are not significantly associated with antisocial and criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

Criminologists and psychological research have found significant associations between poor executive functions (such as planning, decision-making, and impulse control) and antisocial as well as criminal behavior. This suggests that individuals with impaired executive functions are at a higher risk of engaging in such behaviors.

Question 19

ADHD is essentially a disorder of executive functioning.

Accepted Answer

ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is characterized by impairments in executive functions, which include planning, organization, time management, and impulse control, among others. These are key regulatory processes governed by the brain's frontal lobe, and difficulties in these areas are central to the challenges faced by individuals with ADHD.

Question 20

Social workers are powerless to improve the behavioral functioning of their clients because executive functions are based in the brain.

Accepted Answer

Social workers can employ various strategies and interventions to support and improve the behavioral functioning of their clients, including those related to enhancing executive functions, through therapy, skill-building activities, and environmental modifications.

Quiz 5: Executive Functions

Which skills are involved in executive functions?

Which is not an executive function?

Which is the ability to focus on environmental demands in the face of distractions, irrelevant information, and habitual or overlearned behaviors?

Many children, adolescents, and adults have difficulty modulating unwanted thoughts, feelings, and emotions and therefore struggle to control their behavior. Which concept is this?

Behavioral disinhibition has been linked to which behavioral outcomes?

Which type of ADHD is most associated with cognitive and academic problems?

Behavioral genetic at the Institute for Behavioral Genetics at the University of Colorado found that executive functioning was how heritable?

Research based on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent health data found that factors such as prenatal cigarette exposure, nutrition, breastfeeding, and maternal involvement were associated with executive functions. Why are these findings important to social work professionals?

During infancy and toddlerhood, which behaviors reflect brain development relating to executive functions?

Auerbach's research has shown that behavioral markers of vulnerability to ADHD can be seen during which life stage?

What percent of social work professionals from a national survey felt that psychotropic medication was a necessary treatment for many emotional disorders?

Academic success is enhanced by which executive functions?

Which is a successful interventions that targets executive functions?

The implications of healthy and deficient executive functioning can be seen in which life stages?

Executive functions are basically the same thing as intelligence.

Several conditions that social work clients have, such as ADHD, autism, and various personality disorders directly relate to executive functioning deficits.

Criminologists have shown that executive functions are not significantly associated with antisocial and criminal behavior.

ADHD is essentially a disorder of executive functioning.

Social workers are powerless to improve the behavioral functioning of their clients because executive functions are based in the brain.