Question 1

How many grams of vitamin B₁₂ are present in a 100.0 mL blood serum sample with a vitamin B12 concentration of 148 ng/L?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many grams of vitamin B₁₂ are...

Question 2

Sodium fluoride is added to drinking water. A 25-L sample of city water contains 0.018 g NaF. Express this concentration in molarity.

Accepted Answer

To find molarity, divide the moles of solute by the volume of solution in liters. First, convert 0.018 g NaF to moles using its molar mass (NaF = 41.99 g/mol). Moles of NaF = 0.018 g / 41.99 g/mol = 0.000428 moles. Then, divide by the volume in liters: 0.000428 moles / 25 L = 0.00001712 M, which rounds to 0.00072 M.

Question 3

If 48L of city water contains 0.030 g sodium fluoride, what is the concentration in parts per thousand?

Accepted Answer

To find the concentration in parts per thousand (ppt), divide the mass of the solute (sodium fluoride) by the volume of the solution (water) and multiply by 1000. (0.030 g / 48 L) * 1000 = 0.000625 ppt, which rounds to 0.00063 ppt.

Question 4

What is the concentration in parts per billion of an 8 L solution containing 0.017 g of potassium iodide?

Accepted Answer

The concentration in parts per billion (ppb) is calculated as:Concentration (ppb) = (Mass of solute in g / Volume of solution in L) x 10^9Substituting the given values:Concentration (ppb) = (0.017 g / 8 L) x 10^9 = 2.125 x 10^2 ppbTherefore, the concentration in parts per billion of the solution is 2.1 x 10^2 ppb.

Question 5

What volume of 2.00 % NaCl must be diluted to make 10.00 mL of 0.90% NaCl, also known as normal saline solution?

Accepted Answer

Using the dilution formula C1V1 = C2V2, where C1 is the initial concentration (2.00%), V1 is the volume to find, C2 is the final concentration (0.90%), and V2 is the final volume (10.00 mL). Solving for V1 gives V1 = (C2 * V2) / C1 = (0.90% * 10.00 mL) / 2.00% = 4.5 mL.

Question 6

How many grams of AgNO₃ are required to make 500.0 mL of a 0.10 M solution?

Accepted Answer

To make a 0.10 M solution of AgNO3 in 500.0 mL (or 0.5 L), we use the formula: molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution. The molar mass of AgNO3 is approximately 169.87 g/mol. For a 0.10 M solution: 0.10 moles/L * 0.5 L = 0.05 moles. The mass required is 0.05 moles * 169.87 g/mol = 8.4935 g, which rounds to 8.5 g.

Question 7

15.0 g of KCl is dissolved into a solution with a total volume of 250.0 mL. What is the molarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

To find the molarity, divide the moles of solute by the liters of solution. First, calculate the moles of KCl: 15.0 g / 74.55 g/mol = 0.201 mol. Then, convert 250.0 mL to liters: 250.0 mL = 0.250 L. Finally, divide the moles by the liters: 0.201 mol / 0.250 L = 0.804 M.

Question 8

The concentration of calcium ion in blood is found to be 1.21 mmol/L. What is this concentration in mEq/L?

Accepted Answer

The concentration in mEq/L can be calculated by multiplying the concentration in mmol/L by the valency of the ion. Calcium has a valency of 2, so 1.21 mmol/L * 2 = 2.42 mEq/L.

Question 9

Blood serum has a calcium ion (Ca²⁺) concentration of 3.9 x 10^-4 M. What is the concentration in mEq/L?

Accepted Answer

The concentration in mEq/L can be calculated by multiplying the molar concentration by the valency of the ion. Calcium (Ca2+) has a valency of 2, so the concentration in mEq/L is 3.9 x 10^-4 M * 2 = 7.8 x 10^-4 mEq/L or 0.78 mEq/L.

Question 10

An egg yolk with the volume of 3.75 mL contains 5.00 µg vitamin D (cholecalcifoerol). What is the concentration of vitamin D in mg/dL? (1 µg = 10^-6 g and 1 dL = 10^-1 L)

Accepted Answer

The answer of An egg yolk with the volume of...

Question 11

Polocaine is a local anesthetic administered by injection. A 50-mL, multidose vial is available containing 100 mg of mepivacaine hydrochloride. What is the percent concentration of the solution?

Accepted Answer

The percent concentration of a solution is calculated by the formula (mass of solute/volume of solution) * 100. Here, we have 100 mg of mepivacaine hydrochloride in 50 mL of solution. First, convert mg to g (since percent concentration is typically g/100mL), which gives 0.1 g in 50 mL. To find the concentration per 100 mL (to match the percent concentration definition), we double the volume to get 100 mL, which would also double the mass of the solute to 0.2 g. Therefore, the concentration is 0.2 g per 100 mL, or 0.2%.

Question 12

A water sample taken from the ocean is 36 ppt salt content. What is the mass of salt present in a liter of this ocean water?

Accepted Answer

Ppt stands for parts per thousand. Therefore, 36 ppt means there are 36 grams of salt in every 1000 grams (or 1 liter) of water.

Question 13

Sucralfate (molecular weight: 2087g/mol) is a major component of Carafate, which is prescribed for the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers. The recommended dose for a duodenal ulcer is 1.0g taken orally in 10.0 mL (2 teaspoons) of a solution four times a day. Calculate the molarity of the solution.

Accepted Answer

Molarity = (moles of solute) / (volume of solution in liters)Moles of solute = (given mass) / (molecular weight)= (1.0 g) / (2087 g/mol)= 0.00048 molVolume of solution = (10.0 mL) / (1000 mL/L)= 0.010 LMolarity = (0.00048 mol) / (0.010 L)= 0.048 M

Question 14

A patient has been trying to achieve total blood cholesterol of 175 mg or less per 100 mL. A recent test result of a 3 mL blood sample found that 4.95 mg cholesterol were present. Has the patient reached the goal?

Accepted Answer

To determine if the patient has reached the goal, convert the cholesterol level to the same units as the goal. The calculation is (4.95 mg / 3 mL) * (100 mL / 1) = 165 mg/100 mL, which is less than the goal of 175 mg/100 mL.

Question 15

A free thyroxine concentration in plasma of 1.1 ng/dL is in the normal range. At this concentration, how many milligrams of free thyroxine are present in 30.0 mL of plasma?

Accepted Answer

1.1 ng/dL = 1.1 x 10^-9 g/dL30.0 mL plasma x (1.1 x 10^-9 g/dL) x (1 mg/10^-3 g) = 3.3 x 10^-7 mg

Question 16

A bottle of 6.000 M NaOH is on the lab bench. You are instructed to use 75.00 mL of 0.5000 M NaOH. How much 6.000 M NaOH do you have to dilute to 75.00 mL to meet the requirement?

Accepted Answer

To find the volume of 6.000 M NaOH needed to prepare 75.00 mL of 0.5000 M NaOH, use the dilution formula $M_1V_1 = M_2V_2$, where $M_1$ and $V_1$ are the molarity and volume of the concentrated solution, and $M_2$ and $V_2$ are the molarity and volume of the diluted solution. Plugging in the values: $6.000 \, \text{M} \times V_1 = 0.5000 \, \text{M} \times 75.00 \, \text{mL}$. Solving for $V_1$ gives $V_1 = \frac{0.5000 \times 75.00}{6.000} = 6.250 \, \text{mL}$.

Question 17

If 25.0 mL of 3.0 M HCl are diluted to give a final volume of 150 mL, what is the new concentration?

Accepted Answer

The new concentration can be calculated using the dilution formula $C_1V_1 = C_2V_2$, where $C_1$ and $V_1$ are the initial concentration and volume, and $C_2$ and $V_2$ are the final concentration and volume, respectively. Substituting the given values: $3.0 \, \text{M} \times 25.0 \, \text{mL} = C_2 \times 150 \, \text{mL}$. Solving for $C_2$ gives $C_2 = 0.50 \, \text{M}$.

Question 18

Whipped cream is an example of a ___.

Accepted Answer

Whipped cream is an example of a colloid, which is a mixture where one substance is dispersed evenly throughout another. In the case of whipped cream, air is dispersed in cream, creating a foam.

Question 19

Milk of Magnesia is a heterogeneous mixture of magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)₂, and water. The label on the bottle says that one should "Shake Well Before Using." Milk of Magnesia would be classified as a ___.

Accepted Answer

Milk of Magnesia is a suspension because it is a heterogeneous mixture containing solid particles that are large enough to settle out and therefore must be shaken before use.

Question 20

Arrange the terms solution, suspension, and colloid in order of increasing size of the dispersed particles.

Accepted Answer

In a solution, the particles are at the molecular or ionic level and are the smallest. In a colloid, the particles are larger but still too small to settle out. In a suspension, the particles are the largest and can settle out over time.

Quiz 6: Gases, Solutions, Colloids, and Suspensions

How many grams of vitamin B₁₂ are present in a 100.0 mL blood serum sample with a vitamin B12 concentration of 148 ng/L?

Sodium fluoride is added to drinking water. A 25-L sample of city water contains 0.018 g NaF. Express this concentration in molarity.

If 48L of city water contains 0.030 g sodium fluoride, what is the concentration in parts per thousand?

What is the concentration in parts per billion of an 8 L solution containing 0.017 g of potassium iodide?

What volume of 2.00 % NaCl must be diluted to make 10.00 mL of 0.90% NaCl, also known as normal saline solution?

How many grams of AgNO₃ are required to make 500.0 mL of a 0.10 M solution?

15.0 g of KCl is dissolved into a solution with a total volume of 250.0 mL. What is the molarity of the solution?

The concentration of calcium ion in blood is found to be 1.21 mmol/L. What is this concentration in mEq/L?

Blood serum has a calcium ion (Ca²⁺) concentration of 3.9 x 10^-4 M. What is the concentration in mEq/L?

An egg yolk with the volume of 3.75 mL contains 5.00 µg vitamin D (cholecalcifoerol) . What is the concentration of vitamin D in mg/dL? (1 µg = 10^-6 g and 1 dL = 10^-1 L)

Polocaine is a local anesthetic administered by injection. A 50-mL, multidose vial is available containing 100 mg of mepivacaine hydrochloride. What is the percent concentration of the solution?

A water sample taken from the ocean is 36 ppt salt content. What is the mass of salt present in a liter of this ocean water?

Sucralfate (molecular weight: 2087g/mol) is a major component of Carafate, which is prescribed for the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers. The recommended dose for a duodenal ulcer is 1.0g taken orally in 10.0 mL (2 teaspoons) of a solution four times a day. Calculate the molarity of the solution.

A patient has been trying to achieve total blood cholesterol of 175 mg or less per 100 mL. A recent test result of a 3 mL blood sample found that 4.95 mg cholesterol were present. Has the patient reached the goal?

A free thyroxine concentration in plasma of 1.1 ng/dL is in the normal range. At this concentration, how many milligrams of free thyroxine are present in 30.0 mL of plasma?

A bottle of 6.000 M NaOH is on the lab bench. You are instructed to use 75.00 mL of 0.5000 M NaOH. How much 6.000 M NaOH do you have to dilute to 75.00 mL to meet the requirement?

If 25.0 mL of 3.0 M HCl are diluted to give a final volume of 150 mL, what is the new concentration?

Whipped cream is an example of a ___.

Milk of Magnesia is a heterogeneous mixture of magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH) ₂, and water. The label on the bottle says that one should "Shake Well Before Using." Milk of Magnesia would be classified as a ___.

Arrange the terms solution, suspension, and colloid in order of increasing size of the dispersed particles.

Quiz 6: Gases, Solutions, Colloids, and Suspensions

How many grams of vitamin B12 are present in a 100.0 mL blood serum sample with a vitamin B12 concentration of 148 ng/L?

Sodium fluoride is added to drinking water. A 25-L sample of city water contains 0.018 g NaF. Express this concentration in molarity.

If 48L of city water contains 0.030 g sodium fluoride, what is the concentration in parts per thousand?

What is the concentration in parts per billion of an 8 L solution containing 0.017 g of potassium iodide?

What volume of 2.00 % NaCl must be diluted to make 10.00 mL of 0.90% NaCl, also known as normal saline solution?

How many grams of AgNO3 are required to make 500.0 mL of a 0.10 M solution?

15.0 g of KCl is dissolved into a solution with a total volume of 250.0 mL. What is the molarity of the solution?

The concentration of calcium ion in blood is found to be 1.21 mmol/L. What is this concentration in mEq/L?

Blood serum has a calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration of 3.9 x 10-4 M. What is the concentration in mEq/L?

An egg yolk with the volume of 3.75 mL contains 5.00 µg vitamin D (cholecalcifoerol) . What is the concentration of vitamin D in mg/dL? (1 µg = 10-6 g and 1 dL = 10-1 L)

Polocaine is a local anesthetic administered by injection. A 50-mL, multidose vial is available containing 100 mg of mepivacaine hydrochloride. What is the percent concentration of the solution?

A water sample taken from the ocean is 36 ppt salt content. What is the mass of salt present in a liter of this ocean water?

A patient has been trying to achieve total blood cholesterol of 175 mg or less per 100 mL. A recent test result of a 3 mL blood sample found that 4.95 mg cholesterol were present. Has the patient reached the goal?

A free thyroxine concentration in plasma of 1.1 ng/dL is in the normal range. At this concentration, how many milligrams of free thyroxine are present in 30.0 mL of plasma?

A bottle of 6.000 M NaOH is on the lab bench. You are instructed to use 75.00 mL of 0.5000 M NaOH. How much 6.000 M NaOH do you have to dilute to 75.00 mL to meet the requirement?

If 25.0 mL of 3.0 M HCl are diluted to give a final volume of 150 mL, what is the new concentration?

Whipped cream is an example of a ___.

Milk of Magnesia is a heterogeneous mixture of magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH) 2, and water. The label on the bottle says that one should "Shake Well Before Using." Milk of Magnesia would be classified as a ___.

Arrange the terms solution, suspension, and colloid in order of increasing size of the dispersed particles.

How many grams of vitamin B₁₂ are present in a 100.0 mL blood serum sample with a vitamin B12 concentration of 148 ng/L?

How many grams of AgNO₃ are required to make 500.0 mL of a 0.10 M solution?

Blood serum has a calcium ion (Ca²⁺) concentration of 3.9 x 10^-4 M. What is the concentration in mEq/L?

An egg yolk with the volume of 3.75 mL contains 5.00 µg vitamin D (cholecalcifoerol) . What is the concentration of vitamin D in mg/dL? (1 µg = 10^-6 g and 1 dL = 10^-1 L)

Milk of Magnesia is a heterogeneous mixture of magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH) ₂, and water. The label on the bottle says that one should "Shake Well Before Using." Milk of Magnesia would be classified as a ___.