Question 1

When using physical activity to reduce body weight, consider the FITT acronym.

Accepted Answer

FITT stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type, which are key factors to consider when designing an exercise program for weight loss or fitness improvement.

Question 2

Most favorable physical activity strategy to alter body composition in overfat boys and girls.

Accepted Answer

Low-intensity, long-duration physical activity combined with high-repetition resistance training and a behavior modification component is most effective for altering body composition in overfat boys and girls. This approach is sustainable and addresses both physical activity and behavioral changes, making it more likely to result in long-term health benefits.

Question 3

Average energy expenditure in low resistance, high-repetition circuit resistance training.

Accepted Answer

Low resistance, high-repetition circuit resistance training typically burns about 9 kilocalories per minute. This rate can vary based on the individual's weight, intensity of the workout, and specific exercises included in the circuit, but 9 kcal/min is a commonly cited average.

Question 4

Behavioral strategies for interrupting poor eating behaviors include __________.

Accepted Answer

Avoiding certain triggers or situations that lead to poor eating behaviors is a common behavioral strategy to interrupt and manage those behaviors.

Question 5

The two factors that largely determine one's daily energy expenditure include __________.

Accepted Answer

The two main factors that determine daily energy expenditure are the resting energy requirement, which is the energy needed for basic bodily functions at rest, and the energy expended in daily physical activities, which includes all physical movement.

Question 6

Typical resistance training performed regularly positively impacts three factors.

Accepted Answer

Resistance training is known to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, improve glycemic control, and positively affect the lipoprotein profile, making these the correct impacts.

Question 7

"South Beach" diet.

Accepted Answer

The "South Beach" diet is known for being a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet, which emphasizes eating healthy fats, lean proteins, and low-glycemic-index carbohydrates.

Question 8

A 25-year epidemiological Swedish study concluded that over time reducing dietary animal fat decreased blood cholesterol levels. In contrast, a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet __________.

Accepted Answer

A high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet has been shown to increase blood cholesterol levels.

Question 9

Approximately __________ of weight lost over the first week of energy deficit consists of water loss. Thereafter, water loss progressively changes, representing only about __________ of weight loss in the second and third weeks.

Accepted Answer

In the initial phase of weight loss due to energy deficit, a significant portion, approximately 70%, of the weight lost is water. This is because the body first uses up glycogen stores for energy, which releases water. As the body adjusts to the energy deficit and begins to burn more fat for energy, the proportion of weight loss from water decreases to about 20% in the subsequent weeks.

Question 10

Daily weight loss over 4 weeks of dieting reveals that protein's contribution to weight loss increases from __________ initially to about __________ following the fourth week.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Daily weight loss over 4 weeks of...

Question 11

Maximizing fat loss and minimizing lean-tissue mass loss follow a general guideline known as the "Quarter Fat-Free Mass Rule," which states that the expected lean tissue loss as fat-free mass follows a pattern of about __________ comes from fat-free mass, with the remainder mostly fat mass and some fluid.

Accepted Answer

The "Quarter Fat-Free Mass Rule" suggests that about one fourth of each pound of lost weight comes from fat-free mass, with the remainder being mostly fat mass and some fluid.

Question 12

Weight-loss diets should contain the recommended micronutrients and protein, with reduced cholesterol, saturated fat, and essentially no __________.

Accepted Answer

Trans fatty acids are harmful fats that should be minimized or eliminated in a healthy diet, especially in weight-loss diets, due to their association with increased risk of heart disease and other health issues.

Question 13

The storage of excess calories as fat occurs only when caloric intake from food exceed daily energy needs.

Accepted Answer

When caloric intake exceeds the body's daily energy needs, the excess calories are stored as fat for future energy use.

Question 14

The prevalence of overweight and obesity in adult Americans has decreased by 25% in the last 20 years.

Accepted Answer

The prevalence of overweight and obesity in adult Americans has actually increased over the last 20 years, not decreased.

Question 15

Excessive body fat represents the most common chronic disorder among poor and minority children.

Accepted Answer

Excessive body fat, leading to obesity, is indeed the most common chronic disorder among poor and minority children, largely due to factors such as limited access to healthy foods, safe places for physical activity, and higher levels of stress.

Question 16

Increased leptin receptor sensitivity signals the brain that the body lacks fat reserves.

Accepted Answer

Increased leptin receptor sensitivity actually signals the brain that the body has sufficient fat reserves, leading to decreased appetite and food intake.

Question 17

By age 50, a physically active man can expect to weigh about 10 pounds more (with a 2-in. larger waist) than he weighed at age 20, despite maintaining a constant level of physical activity.

Accepted Answer

As men age, their metabolism slows down, and they may lose muscle mass and gain fat, even if they maintain the same level of physical activity. This can lead to an increase in weight and waist size over time.

Question 18

Comorbidities caused by obesity represent the second leading cause of preventable death in America.

Accepted Answer

Obesity-related comorbidities, such as heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer, are among the leading causes of preventable, premature death in the United States.

Question 19

Increases in obesity worldwide have contributed to the rising incidence of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Accepted Answer

Obesity is a major risk factor for both type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, as it often leads to increased insulin resistance and can contribute to the development of hypertension and dyslipidemia, all of which are risk factors for these conditions.

Question 20

A child or adolescent with a high BMI percentile ranking shows a significant risk of being overweight or obese at age 35.

Accepted Answer

A high BMI percentile ranking in childhood or adolescence is associated with an increased risk of being overweight or obese in adulthood, including at age 35, as it indicates a higher body mass relative to height which can persist or increase over time if not addressed.

Quiz 14: Energy Balance, Physical Activity