Question 1

A legal nurse consultant is
A) a registered nurse who is knowledgeable in many aspects of law, nursing, and medicine, as well as the sociocultural influences in patient care, legal claims, and litigation.
B) a nurse who serves as a secretary in a large law corporation.
C) a clinical nurse who served as a witness in a landmark case.
D) a nurse who reviews evidence of child abuse.

Accepted Answer

Legal nurse consultants are registered nurses who apply their knowledge of healthcare, law, and the legal system to consult on medical-related legal cases. They are not limited to secretarial roles, serving as witnesses in specific cases, or focusing solely on child abuse evidence.

Question 2

Legal writing should be concise and clear, using simple words and short statements, and be
A) devoid of statements of personal beliefs.
B) filled with statements of personal beliefs.
C) filled with statements of legal conclusions.
D) filled with statements of opinions.

Accepted Answer

Legal writing should be devoid of statements of personal beliefs to maintain objectivity and professionalism. It focuses on facts, evidence, and legal reasoning rather than personal opinions or beliefs.

Question 3

A legal nurse consultant can demonstrate "damages" by
A) producing supportive services and supplies used by the plaintiff.
B) developing a spread sheet to demonstrate medical costs incurred as a result of injuries incurred as a result of negligent act.
C) developing a video of the victim's family.
D) performing a review of the expert's publications and prior court testimony.

Accepted Answer

A legal nurse consultant can demonstrate "damages" by developing a spreadsheet to show the medical costs incurred due to injuries from a negligent act, as this directly relates to the financial impact of the damages.

Question 4

An important role of the legal nurse consultant is to
A) determine where to file the complaint.
B) conduct depositions during the discovery process.
C) provide gold-standard, evidence-based literature to assist in illustrating the standard of care.
D) serve as a paralegal/secretary for the attorney in the law office setting.

Accepted Answer

Legal nurse consultants use their healthcare experience to provide insight into medical issues, including identifying relevant, evidence-based literature that helps clarify the standard of care in legal cases.

Question 5

Challenges commonly encountered in practice include
A) developing good paralegal practice skills.
B) deposing expert witnesses.
C) finding the causal connection between the negligent care and the injury.
D) teaching the attorney defensive nursing practice.

Accepted Answer

Finding the causal connection between the negligent care and the injury is a common challenge in legal practice, especially in cases involving medical malpractice or personal injury, where establishing this link is crucial for the case's success.

Question 6

The most important work for the legal nurse consultant in any case is to
A) organize and verify that key medical and forensic records have been obtained.
B) interview defendants.
C) interview plaintiffs.
D) communicate with opposing counsel, judge, jury, and insurance adjustor or mediator.

Accepted Answer

Legal nurse consultants primarily focus on reviewing and analyzing medical records and evidence. Organizing and verifying that key medical and forensic records have been obtained is crucial for understanding the medical aspects of a case, which is their main area of expertise. Interviews and communications with legal parties and stakeholders are typically handled by attorneys.

Question 7

Exhibits that prove to be effective in communicating relevant medical issues can be turned into
A) pictorial evidence.
B) demonstrative evidence.
C) formal evidence.
D) informal evidence.

Accepted Answer

Demonstrative evidence includes exhibits and visual aids created specifically for trial to demonstrate or illustrate the testimony of a witness. This can effectively communicate relevant medical issues.

Question 8

Maintaining a clear and consistent line of communication is vital, whether the forensic nurse acts as the coordinator of the case development or has a peripheral role. Communications in legal work are frequently
A) undiscoverable.
B) unobtainable by the opposing side.
C) discoverable or obtainable by the opposing side.
D) converted as the property of the court.

Accepted Answer

Communications in legal work, including those involving forensic nurses, are typically discoverable or obtainable by the opposing side. This means that the information shared in these communications can be requested and used by the opposing party in a legal case, emphasizing the importance of careful and professional communication.

Question 9

What is described as negative behaviors and/or comments by health care providers that make sexual assault survivors feel they are to blame or have caused the assault?
A) primary victimization
B) secondary victimization
C) tertiary victimization
D) professional victimization

Accepted Answer

Secondary victimization refers to the negative experiences that sexual assault survivors may face from the responses of individuals and institutions (such as healthcare providers) after the assault. This can include behaviors or comments that blame the survivor or suggest they are responsible for the assault, further traumatizing the individual.

Question 10

To receive federal STOP Violence Against Women Formula Grant Program funding, the Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 mandated that by January 2009 all states are required to offer free forensic physical examination and evidence collection to sexual assault victims regardless of whether women chose to involve or not to involve
A) family members.
B) employers.
C) the accused.
D) law enforcement.

Accepted Answer

The Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 requires states to offer free forensic exams to sexual assault victims without the condition of involving law enforcement, ensuring victims can access these services regardless of their decision to pursue legal action.

Question 11

Nurses provide interventions in hopes of decreasing the prevalence or stopping the problem entirely. When patients screen positively for IPV, health-care providers express frustration due to the lack of available
A) effective, evidence-based interventions.
B) interagency collaboration.
C) state-of-the-art equipment.
D) interagency communication.

Accepted Answer

There is often a lack of effective, evidence-based interventions specifically designed for addressing intimate partner violence (IPV), which can lead to frustration among healthcare providers when trying to support patients who screen positively for IPV.

Question 12

Often misinterpreted and mislabeled as bruising, ecchymosis is the subcutaneous leakage of released red blood cells from damaged blood vessels. Unlike bruises, areas of ecchymosis are usually nonpainful and nonindurated, lack distinct outer margins, and spread in
A) the direction of gravity.
B) the direction opposite to gravity.
C) all directions.
D) no identifiable direction.

Accepted Answer

Ecchymosis spreads in the direction of gravity due to the pooling of blood under the skin, influenced by gravitational forces.

Question 13

Strangulation injuries are often associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) and are a risk factor for intimate partner homicide of women. There are three general types of strangulation-manual, ligature, and
A) chemical.
B) artificial.
C) staged.
D) mechanical.

Accepted Answer

The three general types of strangulation are manual, ligature, and mechanical. Manual strangulation involves the use of hands, ligature strangulation involves the use of a cord or similar object, and mechanical strangulation involves the use of a device or mechanism.

Question 14

A laceration is a/an
A) superficial injury to the epidermis layer of the skin caused by friction or rubbing.
B) splitting of tissue resulting from blunt or shearing force trauma, resulting in injury with jagged edges and varying wound depth.
C) injury created by a sharp object, resulting in a wound with smooth edges and depths.
D) oval or circular bruise surrounded by two opposing arch-like abrasions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A laceration is a/an
A) superficial injury to...

Question 15

The Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 mandated that by January 2009 all states are required to offer free forensic physical examinations and evidence collection to sexual assault victims, regardless of whether women choose to involve law enforcement if states want to receive
A) Federal STOP Violence Against Women Formula Grant Program funds.
B) United Nation's Trust Fund to End Violence Against Women funds.
C) National Institute of Mental Health funds.
D) National Institutes of Health funds.

Accepted Answer

The Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 specifically ties the provision of free forensic physical examinations and evidence collection for sexual assault victims to the eligibility for Federal STOP Violence Against Women Formula Grant Program funds. This act was designed to ensure that victims have access to necessary forensic exams without the prerequisite of filing a police report, thereby supporting victims and encouraging the collection of evidence that could be used in future prosecutions if the victim decides to press charges.

Question 16

The National Center on Elder Abuse (NCEA) commissioned a National Elder Abuse Incidence Study (NEAIS) to estimate the incidence of abuse against elders and found approximately 450,000 older people were being abused in the United States in 1996. By 2050 the percentage of persons over the age of 65 in the U.S. is projected to be
A) 50%.
B) 30%.
C) 25%.
D) 10%.

Accepted Answer

By 2050, the percentage of persons over the age of 65 in the U.S. is projected to be around 25%, reflecting the aging population trend.

Question 17

Orgel proposed the error theory; this theory advances the idea that an error in ________ is the first step in aging, illness, and death.
A) protein synthesis.
B) environmental pollutants.
C) iron synthesis.
D) global warming.

Accepted Answer

Orgel's error theory suggests that mistakes in protein synthesis are the initial step leading to aging, illness, and death. This theory focuses on the biological processes at the cellular level, rather than external factors.

Question 18

Immobility, inactivity, and cognitive impairment are the leading cause of
A) elder abuse.
B) elder maltreatment.
C) placement in a long-term care facility.
D) elder abuse, maltreatment, and financial coercion.

Accepted Answer

Immobility, inactivity, and cognitive impairment are significant factors that can lead to the placement of elderly individuals in long-term care facilities, as these conditions often require specialized care and supervision that cannot be provided at home.

Question 19

What is an acute onset of confusion, disorientation, withdrawal, and lethargy that, if left untreated and unresolved, could lead to what is interpreted as dementia?
A) Psychosis
B) Neurosis
C) Depression
D) Delirium

Accepted Answer

Delirium is characterized by an acute onset of confusion, disorientation, withdrawal, and lethargy. It is a medical emergency that, if left untreated, can be mistaken for dementia due to its cognitive impairments. Unlike dementia, delirium develops quickly and is usually reversible with proper treatment.

Question 20

What involves discrimination or prejudice against a particular age group that is a contributing factor to elder maltreatment and may help to explain underreporting and under-identification of victims of abuse and neglect?
A) Ageism
B) Paternalism
C) Sexism
D) Maternalism

Accepted Answer

Ageism involves discrimination or prejudice against individuals based on their age, particularly older adults, which can contribute to elder maltreatment by fostering attitudes that devalue and marginalize the elderly. This societal bias can lead to underreporting and under-identification of abuse and neglect cases among older populations.

Quiz 1: Forensic Nursing Evidence Based Principles and Practice

A legal nurse consultant is

Legal writing should be concise and clear, using simple words and short statements, and be

A legal nurse consultant can demonstrate "damages" by

An important role of the legal nurse consultant is to

Challenges commonly encountered in practice include

The most important work for the legal nurse consultant in any case is to

Exhibits that prove to be effective in communicating relevant medical issues can be turned into

Maintaining a clear and consistent line of communication is vital, whether the forensic nurse acts as the coordinator of the case development or has a peripheral role. Communications in legal work are frequently

What is described as negative behaviors and/or comments by health care providers that make sexual assault survivors feel they are to blame or have caused the assault?

Nurses provide interventions in hopes of decreasing the prevalence or stopping the problem entirely. When patients screen positively for IPV, health-care providers express frustration due to the lack of available

Often misinterpreted and mislabeled as bruising, ecchymosis is the subcutaneous leakage of released red blood cells from damaged blood vessels. Unlike bruises, areas of ecchymosis are usually nonpainful and nonindurated, lack distinct outer margins, and spread in

Strangulation injuries are often associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) and are a risk factor for intimate partner homicide of women. There are three general types of strangulation-manual, ligature, and

A laceration is a/an

Orgel proposed the error theory; this theory advances the idea that an error in ________ is the first step in aging, illness, and death.

Immobility, inactivity, and cognitive impairment are the leading cause of

What is an acute onset of confusion, disorientation, withdrawal, and lethargy that, if left untreated and unresolved, could lead to what is interpreted as dementia?

What involves discrimination or prejudice against a particular age group that is a contributing factor to elder maltreatment and may help to explain underreporting and under-identification of victims of abuse and neglect?