Question 1

An infant has developed staphylococcal pneumonia.Nursing care of the child with pneumonia includes which of the following? (Select all that apply).

Accepted Answer

Antibiotics are indicated for a bacterial pneumonia.Often the child will have decreased pulmonary reserve,and the clustering of care is essential.Round-the-clock antitussive agents and strict intake and output are not included in the care of the child with pneumonia.Mist tents are no longer utilized for pediatric respiratory care.

Question 2

A child with cystic fibrosis (CF)receives aerosolized bronchodilator medication.When should this medication be administered?

Accepted Answer

Bronchodilators should be given before CPT to open bronchi and make expectoration easier.Aerosolized bronchodilator medications are not helpful when used after CPT.Oxygen administration is necessary only in acute episodes with caution because of chronic carbon dioxide retention.

Question 3

Which information should the nurse teach families about reducing exposure to pollens and dust (Select all that apply)?

Accepted Answer

Carpets retain dust.To reduce exposure to dust,carpeting should be replaced with wood,tile,slate,or vinyl.These floors can be cleaned easily.For anyone with pollen allergies,it is best to keep the windows closed and to run the air conditioner.Covering mattresses and pillows with dust-proof covers will reduce exposure to dust.A humidity level above 60% promotes dust mites.It is recommended that household humidity be kept between 40% and 50% to reduce dust mites inside the house.Keeping pets outside will help to decrease exposure to dander,but will not affect exposure to pollen and dust.

Question 4

A nurse is conducting an in-service on asthma.Which statement is the most descriptive of bronchial asthma?

Accepted Answer

In bronchial asthma,spasm of the smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles causes constriction,producing impaired respiratory function.In bronchial asthma,there is increased resistance in the airway.There are multiple causes of asthma,including allergens,irritants,exercise,cold air,infections,medications,medical conditions,and endocrine factors.Atopy or development of an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated response is inherited but is not the only cause of asthma.

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a 10-month-old infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)bronchiolitis.Which interventions should be included in the child's care (Select all that apply)?

Accepted Answer

Hydration is important in children with RSV bronchiolitis to loosen secretions and prevent shock.Clustering of care promotes periods of rest.The use of noninvasive oxygen monitoring is recommended.

Question 6

A nurse is interpreting the results of a tuberculin skin test (TST)on an adolescent who is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)positive.Which induration size indicates a positive result for this child 48 to 72 hours after the test?

Accepted Answer

Clinical evidence of a positive TST in children receiving immunosuppressive therapy,including immunosuppressive doses of steroids,or who have immunosuppressive conditions,including HIV infection,is an induration of 5 mm.Children younger than 4 years of age (a)with other medical risk conditions,including Hodgkin's disease,lymphoma,diabetes mellitus,chronic renal failure,or malnutrition; (b)born or whose parents were born in high-prevalence tuberculosis (TB)regions of the world; (c)frequently exposed to adults who are HIV infected,homeless,users of illicit drugs,residents of nursing homes,incarcerated or institutionalized,or migrant farm workers; and (d)who travel to high-prevalence TB regions of the world are positive when the induration is 10 mm.Children 4 years of age or older without any risk factors are positive when the induration is 20 mm.

Question 7

Which consideration is the most important in managing tuberculosis (TB)in children?

Accepted Answer

Drug therapy for TB includes isoniazid,rifampin,and pyrazinamide daily for 2 months and 2 or 3 times a week for the remaining 4 months.Although skin testing and adequate nutrition and hydration are important,pharmacotherapy is the most important intervention for TB.

Quiz 40: Respiratory Dysfunction

An infant has developed staphylococcal pneumonia.Nursing care of the child with pneumonia includes which of the following? (Select all that apply) .

A child with cystic fibrosis (CF) receives aerosolized bronchodilator medication.When should this medication be administered?

Which information should the nurse teach families about reducing exposure to pollens and dust (Select all that apply) ?

A nurse is conducting an in-service on asthma.Which statement is the most descriptive of bronchial asthma?

The nurse is caring for a 10-month-old infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis.Which interventions should be included in the child's care (Select all that apply) ?

A nurse is interpreting the results of a tuberculin skin test (TST) on an adolescent who is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive.Which induration size indicates a positive result for this child 48 to 72 hours after the test?

Which consideration is the most important in managing tuberculosis (TB) in children?