Question 1

The average daily nutrient intake value estimated to meet the needs of 50% of healthy people in a selected age and gender group is:

Accepted Answer

The EAR level is the average dietary nutrient intake value estimated to meet the needs of 50% of healthy people in a selected age and gender group.

Question 2

The average dietary nutrient intake level that meets the nutritional requirement of almost all healthy people in a selected age and gender group is the:

Accepted Answer

The RDA level is the average dietary intake level that meets the nutritional requirement of almost all healthy people in a selected age and gender group.

Question 3

A woman consumes pasta, grains, and other carbohydrates for which purpose?

Accepted Answer

The main function of carbohydrates is to provide energy.

Question 4

What vitamin is synthesized with an adequate supply of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are important for the synthesis of vitamin K and vitamin B₁₂.

Question 5

An athlete wants to increase his or her intake of complex carbohydrates and asks the nurse about potential sources. Which food is considered a complex carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Bread, cereal, potatoes, rice, pasta, crackers, flour products, and legumes contain complex carbohydrates.

Question 6

A 40-year-old man has consumed a breakfast consisting of cereal, milk, orange juice, and coffee. His blood sugar in 2 hours is likely to be in what range?

Accepted Answer

Normal blood glucose should be between 80 and 110 mg/dL. Blood glucose 2 hours after a meal can rise to between 140 and 180 mg/dL, depending on the person's age.

Question 7

A client has just had abdominal surgery, and the nurse is consulting with the client about the diet now that the client is allowed to eat. Which nutrient is most important for wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Complete proteins contain sufficient amounts of the essential amino acids to maintain body tissues and to promote growth.

Question 8

Which food eaten with peanut butter would provide the client with complete protein?

Accepted Answer

Complete proteins, such as milk, typically come from animal sources. Proteins from plant sources, such as soybeans, are usually incomplete. Carrots and bread are not significant protein sources.

Question 9

An older adult client has a pressure injury with drainage, dysphagia, and immobility. The client consumes less than 300 calories per day and has a large amount of interstitial fluid. The client is in a state of:

Accepted Answer

A negative nitrogen balance exists when excretion of nitrogen exceeds the intake.

Question 10

Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin.

Question 11

The nurse is reviewing a client's understanding of dietary choices that will help reduce high triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the best options to be included in the diet?

Accepted Answer

Coconut oil, palm oil, and palm kernel oil are highly saturated fats. Sunflower oil supplies some monounsaturated and is low in saturated fats, making it good choice for reducing triglycerides and cholesterol levels.

Question 12

The nurse is providing education to a client with high triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Which food should the client be cautioned to avoid?

Accepted Answer

Coconut oil, palm oil, and palm kernel oil are highly saturated fats.

Question 13

The nurse is educating a group of adolescent girls on bone and teeth growth. Which fat-soluble vitamin assists to build bone and teeth?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A is important for the promotion of normal skeletal and tooth development.

Question 14

The nurse is reviewing the health assessment of a client. The nurse is concerned that the client may have a deficiency of vitamin D. Which condition most supports this suspicion?

Accepted Answer

Signs of vitamin D deficiency are rickets in children, poor dental health, tetany, and osteomalacia.

Question 15

When planning interventions in the immediate hours after birth, the nurse recognizes the need to provide an injection of which vitamin (to manage a lack of it), due to lack of bacteria in the intestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

Approximately half of the body's requirement of vitamin K is synthesized by bacteria in the lower intestinal tract.

Question 16

A client who has bleeding tendencies has a deficiency in which vitamin?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K deficiencies are manifested in two ways: an increased tendency to hemorrhage and hemorrhagic disease of the newborn, which is common in premature or anoxic newborns.

Question 17

Which vitamin is found only in animal foods?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B₁₂ functions in the formation of mature red blood cells and in synthesis of DNA and RNA. This vitamin is only found in animal foods (meats, fish, poultry, milk, and eggs).

Question 18

A woman reports cracking fissures in the corner of her mouth. Which instruction should the nurse include in the information provided to the client?

Accepted Answer

The client has presented with symptoms consistent with cheilosis. This may be the result of a vitamin B₂ deficiency. Good sources of this vitamin include milk and eggs.

Question 19

The nurse is providing education to a client concerning calcium intake. During the discussion, the nurse addresses a potential health concern related to inadequate calcium intake. Which condition is most impacted by inadequate calcium intake?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis is a condition in which there is a reduction in bone density. Factors contributing to the development of osteoporosis may include chronically insufficient calcium intake, decreased estrogens, heredity factors, smoking, race, and decreased physical activity.

Question 20

The nurse is caring for a client with an enlarged thyroid. What nutritional deficiency is linked to an enlarged thyroid?

Accepted Answer

A chronic deficiency of iodine can lead to endemic goiter. The major initial symptom is an enlarged thyroid gland.

Quiz 33: Nutrition