Question 1

Covert conditioning is often seen with self-help methods and has not reached the popularity of other therapies. Some clinicians report a mind has the ability to spontaneously generate imagery that can provide intuitive solutions or even improve an individual's typical reaction to situations. Assessing this condition, what kind of reward would be most beneficial?
A)Tangible
B)Imaginary
C)Money
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

This form of conditioning is an approach to mental health treatment that uses the principles of behavior modification in making improvements to behavior or inner experience. The method relies on a person's ability to use imagery for purposes such as mental rehearsal. In some populations, it has been found that an imaginary reward can be as effective as a real one.

Question 2

Effective conditioning is said to rely upon careful application of behavioral treatment principles such as a thorough behavioral analysis. Clinical studies continue to find imagery to be effective with some generalization. As part of a behavior modification package, conditioning has been shown to be effective with sex offenders. When assessing the situation, what conditioning approach will be utilized?
A)Cognitive
B)Behavior
C)Covert
D)Individual

Accepted Answer

The covert conditioning approach is based on an individual's capacity to use imagery. In some populations, it has been found that an imaginary reward can be as effective as a real one. Clinicians report the mind's ability to spontaneously generate imagery can provide intuitive solutions that may improve typical reactions to situations.

Question 3

Person-centered therapy should take place in a supportive environment created by a close personal relationship between therapist and client. The general direction of the therapy is determined by the client, while the therapist seeks to increase the client's insight and self-understanding through what?
A)Positive reaction
B)Coerciveness
C)Compliments
D)Informal questions

Accepted Answer

Empathy is the appreciation of a client's situation from the client's point of view. The therapist will demonstrate emotional understanding and sensitivity to the client's feelings. One way to convey empathy is by actively listening and paying attention to what the client is saying. Three attitudes on the part of the therapist are central to the productivity of person-centered therapy. They are congruence, unconditional positive regard, and positive reaction.

Question 4

Structural family therapy views the family unit as a system that lives and functions within a larger system such as the community, organizations, and culture. Through its transactions, a family establishes a set of rules for its daily functioning and these rules form its structure. When assessing the situation, a social worker must first focus on the family's what?
A)Interactions
B)Relationship
C)Dysfunction
D)Income

Accepted Answer

Structural family therapy focuses on the family, the presenting problem, and the process of change. A therapist must first assess the family's interactions, figuring out the family's hierarchy and alliances within. The therapist then composes a flow chart describing the process that a family unconsciously follows.

Question 5

Traditional therapy has not been effective due to only focusing on the cause of the problem. This places the client in a passive and helpless role. A better approach is solution focused therapy where clients move from what's wrong to what's right. After assessing the problem, what should be the therapist's first goal?
A)Solution building
B)Happiness
C)Appropriate family structure
D)Positive attitude

Accepted Answer

Solution building is the main goal of solution focused therapy. Changing the language that shapes how you think about the problem changes the language that shapes how you think about the solution. The client becomes the expert in determining how to achieve happiness.

Question 6

Humanistic Therapy overlaps considerably with existential approaches and emphasizes the growth and fulfillment of the self through self-mastery, self-examination, and creative expression. Although the influences of the unconscious and society are taken into account, when making an assessment, what is at the core of humanistic therapy?
A)Freedom of choice
B)Self-perception
C)Behavior
D)Trust

Accepted Answer

The humanist movement in general focuses on the idea that people are innately good and tend toward goodness. In a humanistic therapy context, there is presumption that the true nature of the human is to want to improve and reach high levels of self-perception.

Question 7

Social workers attempt to help clients focus on freedom of choice in shaping their lives. The method of existential therapy operates on the belief that inner conflict within a person is due to that individual's confrontation with existence. The therapist tries to help the client see they are free to choose the possibilities for their own what?
A)Existence
B)Attitude
C)Future
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

Existential therapy focuses on the present and future. They will challenge the client to recognize the responsibility for the events in their own life. The four themes behind this theory include death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness. This type of therapy is well suited in helping the client to make good choices or in dealing with life.

Question 8

The main goal of Gestalt therapy is the integration of behavior, feelings, and thinking. The therapist may use confrontation, dream analysis, dialogue with polarities, or role playing. Clients are viewed as having the ability to recognize how earlier influences may have changed their lives. A social worker making an assessment may seek treatment that includes:
A)Crisis intervention
B)Childhood behaviors
C)Psychosomatic disorders
D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

Gestalt therapy combines body and mind factors by stressing awareness. Gestalt therapy makes the client aware of how to avoid problems while taking care of unfinished matters and experience things in a positive light. This method is also important for the training of mental health professionals.

Question 9

Direct practice promotes professionalism with a diverse community. This practice by social workers is very common. Once an assessment is made, therapy sessions may involve cognitive therapy, multicultural perspectives and what else?
A)Positive reinforcement
B)Ego psychology
C)Professionalism
D)Diversity

Accepted Answer

Direct practice is described as advancing the social conditions of a community. This normally includes disadvantaged individuals. Psychological counseling, assistance, and guidance are the main procedures in the social work field.

Question 10

Ego functions include judgment, object relations, thought processes, defensive functioning, reality testing, impulse control, affect regulation, and synthesis. Proponents of this practice focus on the ego's normal and pathological development, management of aggressive impulses and its adaptation to reality. It is part of what school?
A)Gestalt therapy
B)Assessment
C)Reality therapy
D)Psychoanalysis

Accepted Answer

Ego psychology is rooted in Sigmund Freud's structural id-ego-superego model of the mind. It is the study of how an individual interacts with the external world, as well as the responses to internal forces. Proponents of this practice focus on the ego's normal and pathological development, management of aggressive impulses, and its adaptation to reality.

Question 11

Fred is a 16-year-old who has been in a lot of trouble. He is currently on juvenile probation for stealing property from neighbors. The adolescent will pick fights with other kids at school and within the community. Fred shows disregard for his safety and demonstrates violent behaviors. What disorder appropriately defines this teen?
A)Anti-social personality disorder
B)Manic depressive disorder
C)ADHD
D)Compulsive behavior disorder

Accepted Answer

Anti-social personality disorder is a pattern of disregard for and violations of the rights of others. It begins in childhood and progresses on until adulthood. Individuals with this disorder display poor behavioral controls such as annoyance, aggression, irritability, and verbal abuse.

Question 12

The Atkinson family's children have been displaying difficulty at school recently. Both parents were in a vehicle accident that has left them temporarily disabled. Bills are piling up and sometimes the children only eat meals at school. When assessing this situation, what support is most beneficial at this time?
A)Tangible support
B)Informational support
C)Emotional support
D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

All three social supports are beneficial in this situation. Informational support is provided through advice given by friends and relatives. Tangible supports may include the donation of goods such as clothing. Emotional support is the reassurance that people are there to help through this detrimental time.

Question 13

There are several theories on the aging process of older adults. Interaction with other people largely depends upon their health and mobility. What was once a large network of social circles slowly dwindles down to a few precious relatives. What process should be considered within an assessment that views this withdrawal as beneficial to the aging individual and their community?
A)The activity theory
B)Life review
C)Disengagement theory
D)Ego integrity theory

Accepted Answer

The disengagement theory views aging as a mutual withdrawal from support circles, family, and friends. This often happens as older adults lose their freedom to drive, bathe, and eat on their own. Societies agree that elders should voluntarily slow down and retire.

Question 14

Basic needs for love and esteem that are given on a consistent basis nourish a happy child. When these needs are not met, children suffer emotionally. Maslow's hierarchy of needs states children's needs consist of: 1) self-actualization, 2) esteem, 3) love and belonging, 4) safety, and 5) physiological growth. A social worker making an assessment of a child may consider this hierarchy better known as:
A)Psychological
B)Emotional dependency
C)Hierarchy of needs
D)External need fulfillment

Accepted Answer

Maslow refers to the basic needs for love and esteem as emotional dependency needs. A child whose needs are not met consistently suffer to an extent proportional to their lack of fulfillment.

Question 15

When a child is able to get away with anything, their impulses increase to an uncontrollable problem. They will seek out attention on purpose, hoping someone will take notice. An assessment of the behavior may demonstrate what disorder?
A)Only-child syndrome
B)Abuse and neglect
C)Attention deficit disorder
D)Spoiled-child syndrome

Accepted Answer

Spoiled-child syndrome is the result of parents and relatives not setting forth disciplinary boundaries. Inappropriate behaviors occur due to the child seeking discipline. They are subconsciously compelled to make someone step in due to a need for help in controlling impulses.

Question 16

Polarization is the conscious want of something one is incapable of having. An example may be an individual who does not have the ability to express love. He or she will seek out someone that can compensate in this area for them. This is a sign of disowning parts of neural networks, causing internal conflicts between what?
A)Temperament and personality
B)Consciousness and unconsciousness
C)Love and hate
D)Separation and relationship

Accepted Answer

Individuals will disown that part of them that controls the ability to have a specific emotion. A person with anger issues may seek out a mate who rarely gets upset or raises their voice. The theory of opposites attract originated from polarization.

Question 17

Externalizers tend to have problems with anger, self-centeredness, intrusiveness, and being blameless. This is overcompensation for fear of the opposite and may also result in shameless behavior such as physical, sexual, and emotional abuse. All of these traits tend to submerge from the subconscious defense mechanism known as what?
A)Reaction formation
B)Self-centered thinking
C)Passive aggressive behaviors
D)Phobias

Accepted Answer

Some individuals are less likely to be aware of their behavior and the affect it has on others. Often times, one will develop a thick scab of contempt. This is a defense against deep-seated fears of being wrong.

Question 18

Social cognitive theory believes that behavior is affected by personal factors, environmental influences, and attributes of the behavior itself. What is the most important concept within this theory a social worker should know when determining a person's behavior change?
A)Alter-ego
B)Self-efficacy
C)Nurture vs. Nature
D)Emotional dependence

Accepted Answer

A central concept of social cognitive theory is self-efficacy. Outcomes or consequences are classified as having immediate benefits as expected by the individual. An individual must believe in his or her capability to perform the behavior and value the outcomes they perceive will occur.

Question 19

Children can learn to diminish negative behaviors by rewarding them for positive ones. Jenny steals other children's toys at her play group. When she shares appropriately, the care provider awards her with extra time to feed this fish. Lately, behaviors have improved. This type of conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. When assessing this situation, what theory is being utilized?
A)Anti-social theory
B)Communication theory
C)Comprehension theory
D)Behaviorism theory

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism can be studied in a systematic and observable manner without the need for internal mental states. Two major types of conditioning are classical and operant. Classical utilizes a naturally occurring stimulus paired with a response while operant is the method of learning through rewards and punishments.

Question 20

The base for a child to explore and feel safe begins with the caregiver who has a huge impact that continues throughout life. Mothers who are responsive to their infant's needs establish a sense of security and the baby knows the parent is dependable. An assessment of a mother and child would look at what theory?
A)Infant bonding theory
B)Nature vs. nurture theory
C)Attachment theory
D)Survival theory

Accepted Answer

Attachment is an emotional bond with another individual. Characteristics include the safe haven, secure base, and proximity maintenance. All of these display the need for an infant to stay close to their mother for comfort and support. Separation distress occurs when the child is separated from their parent and instantly becomes upset with the situation.

Quiz 2: Assessment

Direct practice promotes professionalism with a diverse community. This practice by social workers is very common. Once an assessment is made, therapy sessions may involve cognitive therapy, multicultural perspectives and what else?

When a child is able to get away with anything, their impulses increase to an uncontrollable problem. They will seek out attention on purpose, hoping someone will take notice. An assessment of the behavior may demonstrate what disorder?

Social cognitive theory believes that behavior is affected by personal factors, environmental influences, and attributes of the behavior itself. What is the most important concept within this theory a social worker should know when determining a person's behavior change?