Question 1

Which of the following are examples of unethical conduct by a Professional Land Surveyor?
A)Practicing without a duly authorized and issued license
B)Performing services beyond one's competency
C)Conviction of a felony
D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the listed violations are examples of unethical conduct by a Professional Land Surveyor. Dependent upon the degree of violation and the State in which the Professional Land Surveyor is licensed, an ethics violator may be sent a warning letter or reprimand, he may be fined, he may be suspended from practicing as a Professional Land Surveyor for a period or time, his registration may be revoked, and/or he may face imprisonment.

Question 2

The only evidence found at the northwest corner of a section was a concrete monument set by a private surveyor in 1948. Research revealed a recorded plat with a notation that the monument was set immediately adjacent to a stone determined to be original corner monument. Which of the following designations currently describes the northwest corner?
A)Original corner
B)Found corner
C)Lost corner
D)Obliterated corner

Accepted Answer

The northwest corner is currently designated as an obliterated corner. An obliterated corner is one in which the visible evidence of the original monument has disappeared, but the original location can be established beyond reasonable doubt from other physical evidence and/or testimony. A lost corner is defined as a point on a survey whose position cannot be determined from traces of the original marks or acceptable evidence or testimony.

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes the legal term "by operation of law"?
A)The rights or liabilities created for a party that are dictated by existing legal principles regardless of the party's intent.
B)The process by which surveyors prepare title instruments.
C)The process by which a surveying company is to be operated.
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

"By operation of law" is a legal term that describes the rights or liabilities created for a party that are dictated by existing legal principles regardless of the party's intent. For example, property ownership may not automatically be transferred to a person's heirs when the property's legal instrument of title did not include ownership provisions.

Question 4

Which of the following is a common procedural error encountered during leveling?
A)The rod is not held plumb.
B)The rod is not a standard length.
C)The instrument used is out of adjustment.
D)All of the above.

Accepted Answer

Common procedural errors encountered during leveling include the rod not being held plumb, the rod not being of standard length, and the instrument not being adjusted properly. Each of these errors can be avoided by following standard procedures and training.

Question 5

The deflection angles of a closed traverse should equal:
A)0°
B)90°
C)270°
D)360°

Accepted Answer

The deflection angles of a closed traverse must equal 360°. Traverses are associated with the field work of measuring angles and distances between points on the ground. Closed traverses provide the primary method used in checking survey work.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is valid when considering a fence as representing a boundary?
A)The fence is 20 or more years old.
B)The fence was built per the original survey.
C)All parties involved have recognized the fence as a boundary line for a long time.
D)All the original survey corner monuments are missing.

Accepted Answer

When all parties involved have recognized a fence as a boundary line for a long time, the fence may be considered as representing a boundary. When neighbors have agreed where the property boundaries are located, a lot line agreement (or lot line adjustment agreement) can be developed if there are no outstanding mortgages or liens on the property.

Question 7

Given a triangle with sides a = 20 feet, b = 40 feet, and c = 56, what is the area in square feet? A)71.67 ft² B)116.00 ft² C)281.68 ft² D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

The area of the triangle is 281.68 ft². Solution Use the formula for the area of a triangle with sides a, b, and c: A = [s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)]^½ where s = (a + b + c)/2 Where a = 20 ft b = 40 ft c = 56 ft s = (20 ft + 40 ft + 56 ft)/2 = 58 ft A = [58 (58-20)(58 - 40)(58 - 56)]^½= 281.68 ft²

Question 8

Use a calculator to find the sine of 46.3°
A)0)013
B)0)691
C)0)723
D)1)00

Accepted Answer

The sine of 46.3° is0.723
Solution (steps taken are dependent on type of scientific calculator used)
Enter 46.3 into the calculator and press the SIN key.
The answer 0.723 will be displayed.

Question 9

What must be true about two given objects so that energy can be transferred as heat between them?
A)The objects must be relatively close.
B)The objects must be at different temperatures.
C)The objects must contain a significant amount of energy.
D)The objects must be of significant mass.

Accepted Answer

Two objects must be at different temperatures so that energy can be transferred as heat between the two objects. Heat transfer can be accomplished through conduction, convection, thermal radiation, and mass transfer. The two objects do not have to be relatively close or contain significant amounts of energy or mass for heat transfer to occur.

Question 10

In theory, the weight of an observation is defined to be ______ to the variance (standard error squared) of the observation.
A)Proportional
B)Inversely proportional
C)Equal
D)None of the above.

Accepted Answer

In theory, the weight of an observation is defined to be inversely proportional to the variance of the observation. That means that the smaller an observation error is, the more accurate the observation will be and therefore, the bigger weight the observation should be assigned. It should be noted that the concept of weights may be based on factors other than standard errors for fields of practice other than surveying.

Question 11

The given numbers are daily groundwater elevation readings from a monitoring well taken during a month experiencing snowmelt and extended rainfall events. 7.67.6 7.77.7 4.34.3 5.95.9 5.05.0 10.510.5 7.77.7 9.59.5 12.012.0 12.612.6 7.6 7.7 4.3 5.9 5.0 10.5 7.7 9.5 12.0 12.6 6.56.5 8.38.3 8.28.2 13.213.2 12.612.6 13.613.6 14.114.1 13.513.5 11.511.5 12.012.0 6.5 8.3 8.2 13.2 12.6 13.6 14.1 13.5 11.5 12.0 10.410.4 10.810.8 13.113.1 12.512.5 10.410.4 13.013.0 14.114.1 15.115.1 10.4 10.8 13.1 12.5 10.4 13.0 14.1 15.1 What is the sample variance of these groundwater elevation readings?
A)8)764
B)9)089
C)10.56
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

The sample variance of the groundwater elevation readings is 9.089. Solution Use the sample variance ( s²) equation s² = ?(sample value - sample mean)²/(number of samples-1) Where Number of samples = 28 Sample mean = ?(sample values)/number of samples = 295.7/28 = 10.56 ?(sample value - sample mean)² = (7.6-10.56)²+(7.7-10.56) ² + …… = 245.4 s² = 245.4/27 = 9.089

Question 12

Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A)Contour lines do not meet, cross, or end, except at vertical cliffs, over hangs, or caves.
B)Contour lines are drawn so that the ground higher than the contour line is always on the same side of the contour line
C)Contour lines are parallel to the direction of maximum slope.
D)The spacing between contour lines is indicative of the steepness of the slope.

Accepted Answer

The statement "Contour lines are parallel to the direction of maximum slope" is NOT true. Contour lines are perpendicular to the direction of maximum slope. The contour interval for contour lines is the constant vertical distance between adjacent contour lines.

Question 13

A line is measured as 1,200 ft at 98° F. Using a standard tape, what is the true length of the line?
A)1,197.70 ft
B)1,199.77 ft
C)1200.23 ft
D)1202.30 ft

Accepted Answer

The true length of a line that is measured as 1,200 ft at 98°F is 1,200.23 using a standard tape.
Solution
Correction = (steel tape coefficient of expansion)(outside temperature - standard temperature)(measured length)
Correction = (0.00000645 * 1/°F) (98°F - 68°F) (1,200) = +0.23 ft
True length = distance + correction
True length= 1,200.00 ft + 0.23 ft = 1,200.23 ft

Question 14

Which of the following statements expresses Hooke's Law of simple harmonic motion?
A)Speed of a wave = frequency x wavelength
B)Spring force = -(spring constant x displacement)
C)Average speed = distance traveled / time of travel
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

-Hooke's Law of simple harmonic motion can be expressed as spring force = -(spring constant x displacement). Spring force always pushes or pulls a mass towards its original equilibrium position, and as such, is referred to as a restoring force. Hooke's Law describes the relationship of the restoring force as being directly proportional to the displacement of the mass.

Question 15

Which of the following sentences provides an example of effective diction?
A)A good writer will only use big words when necessary.
B)The shrewd author will always endorse himself by providing imposing and superlative language.
C)As I struggled to carry my instruments across the vast expanse of the project area, I paused to reflect on the magnificence of the setting sun.
D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

The sentence "A good writer will only use big words when necessary." provides an example of effective diction. Good writers understand that fancy words are often distracting and condescending. Avoid using overblown vocabulary unless you are writing the next Great American novel.

Question 16

A 2.2 kg object is sliding across a smooth surface. If the net force acting on the object is 1.6 N to the right, what is the acceleration of the object? A)-3.52 m/ s²to the left B)-0.73 m/ s²to the right C)3)52 m/ s²to the left D)0)73 m/ s²to the right

Accepted Answer

The acceleration of a 2.2 kg object sliding across a smooth surface with a net force of 1.6 N to the right acting on it is 0.73 m/ s² to the right. Solution Use Newton's Second Law ? F = ma Where ? F = net force = 1.6 N to the right m = mass = 2.2 kg a = acceleration ? F = ma, so a = ? F/m a = 1.6 N / 2.2 kg 1 N = 1 kgm/ s², so a = (1.6 kg m/ s²)/2.2 kg = 0.73 m/ s²

Question 17

Which of the following type of error is least likely to affect the measured value for a horizontal angle?
A)Instrument
B)Environment
C)Terrain
D)Personnel

Accepted Answer

Terrain errors are the least likely type of errors affecting the measured value for a horizontal angle when compared to the other listed error types.
The impact of instrument errors can be mitigated by properly adjusting the devices used and by using systematic observation procedures. Environmental errors affecting horizontal angle measurement may be due to temperature differentials and the horizontal refraction of the line of sight. Personnel errors can be prevented through proper training and following standard procedures.

Question 18

Which of the following scenarios can be modeled mathematically?
A)Flow of water through a watershed
B)Migration of a pollutant through a groundwater aquifer
C)Dispersion of particulates through the air
D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the scenarios listed can be modeled mathematically. With technology available today, engineers and planners are able to model the flow of water, migration of pollutants, and dispersion of particulates through air. Mathematical models can be built using specialized computer software linked to geographic information systems and real-time sampling equipment. These models can be used for predictive forecasting, planning, and mitigation purposes.

Question 19

For which of the following is a Digital Terrain Modeling (DTM) application most useful?
A)Planning flight lines
B)Generating high quality cartographic contours
C)Setting slope stakes
D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

Of the answers listed, Digital Terrain Modeling is most useful for generating high quality cartographic contours. DTMs are digital representations of a portion of the Earth's surface. The input data, data models, and algorithms required to generate a digital model of a terrain's surface are significantly different from those needed to represent planimetric data. For example, most DTM data is derived from a combination of ground surveys, photogrammetric resources, digitized cartographic data, and altimetry data.

Question 20

Cross-section measurements were taken at 100 ft intervals along a proposed roadway alignment. The cross-sectional areas of the material above the proposed roadway elevation shown in two consecutive sections were found to be 420 sqft and 332 sq ft. What is the approximate volume (in cubic yards) of the material that will need to be excavated between the two cross-sections?
A)1,393
B)12,640
C)37,600
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

The approximate volume of the material that will need to be excavated between the two cross-sections is 1,393 cubic yards. Solution Use the volume equation averaged over the two cross-sections v = L ( A₁ + A₂)/2 Where L = length = 100 ft A₁ = 420 sqft and A₂= 332 sqft V = (100 ft) (420 ft² + 332 ft²) / 2 = 37,600 ft³ = 37,600 ft³ x (1 cubic yard/ 27 ft³) = 1,393 cubic yards (approximate)

Quiz 1: Engineering and Science

Which of the following are examples of unethical conduct by a Professional Land Surveyor?

Which of the following statements best describes the legal term "by operation of law"?

Which of the following is a common procedural error encountered during leveling?

The deflection angles of a closed traverse should equal:

Which of the following statements is valid when considering a fence as representing a boundary?

Given a triangle with sides a = 20 feet, b = 40 feet, and c = 56, what is the area in square feet?

Use a calculator to find the sine of 46.3°

What must be true about two given objects so that energy can be transferred as heat between them?

In theory, the weight of an observation is defined to be ______ to the variance (standard error squared) of the observation.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A line is measured as 1,200 ft at 98° F. Using a standard tape, what is the true length of the line?

Which of the following statements expresses Hooke's Law of simple harmonic motion?

Which of the following sentences provides an example of effective diction?

A 2.2 kg object is sliding across a smooth surface. If the net force acting on the object is 1.6 N to the right, what is the acceleration of the object?

Which of the following type of error is least likely to affect the measured value for a horizontal angle?

Which of the following scenarios can be modeled mathematically?

For which of the following is a Digital Terrain Modeling (DTM) application most useful?