Question 1

_______ is the notion that certain traits of mind, character, and temperament are inescapably part of a racial group's "nature" and as such define its racial fate.

Accepted Answer

Inherency refers to the belief that certain characteristics are inherently tied to a racial group, influencing the concept of racial destiny or fate.

Question 2

_______ refers to the advantages or benefits that whites enjoy simply because they are white.

Accepted Answer

White privilege refers to the unearned advantages that come solely from being white, such as having easier access to job opportunities, housing, education, and other resources compared to people of color. This term is often used to describe the systemic advantages that exist in society for white individuals and the ways in which this privilege can perpetuate racism and discrimination.

Question 3

The term "racism" was first used by _______ to refer to the ideology of race superiority.

Accepted Answer

The term "racism" was first used by German social scientists in the 1930s to describe the ideology of race superiority, particularly in the context of Nazi ideology.

Question 4

_______ is treating the racial other as inferior or of lesser value and viewing the racial other as inferior.

Accepted Answer

Inferiorizing is the act of treating a racial other as inferior or of lesser value, often due to prejudices or stereotypes based on race. This can manifest in various ways, such as discriminatory behaviors, verbal abuse, or unequal treatment. It is a form of racism that perpetuates systemic inequalities and reinforces social hierarchies based on race. White privilege, antipathy, and segregating are related concepts, but they are not synonymous with inferiorizing.

Question 5

Inferiorizing and antipathy racism are

Accepted Answer

Inferiorizing racism refers to the belief that certain races are inherently inferior to others, while antipathy racism is based on hatred and prejudice towards certain racial groups. While they are both forms of racism, they are distinct in their nature and manifestation. Both forms of racism unfortunately still exist today to varying degrees, and are not rare nor extinct.

Question 6

Blum sees the stereotype of Blacks as good dancers as

Accepted Answer

The answer of Blum sees the stereotype of Blacks as...

Question 7

According to Blum, racial discomfort or anxiety is

Accepted Answer

Blum argues that racial discomfort or anxiety is not in itself racist, as it can arise from a variety of sources including unconscious biases and societal conditioning. However, how individuals respond to that discomfort or anxiety can contribute to perpetuating racism or challenging it.

Question 8

According to Blum, racial discomfort _______ the development of interracial community and other forms of productive interracial relationships.

Accepted Answer

Blum argues that racial discomfort hinders the development of interracial community and productive interracial relationships, indicating that it is a barrier to achieving these outcomes.

Question 9

According to Naomi Zack, white privilege discourse is largely about the _______ of white racial advantage and what white people think and feel about that.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Naomi Zack, white privilege discourse...

Question 10

According to Bonilla-Silva, why do Blacks and Latinos have less access to the entire housing market?

Accepted Answer

Bonilla-Silva argues that Blacks and Latinos have less access to the entire housing market because of a variety of exclusionary practices by white realtors and homeowners, such as steering, redlining, and blockbusting. These practices have historically prevented people of color from buying homes in certain neighborhoods and have contributed to residential segregation.

Question 11

The traditional idea of race is that race is a matter of heritable _______ features common to all members of a racial group.

Accepted Answer

The traditional idea of race is based on biological features that are heritable and believed to be common to all members of a racial group. This concept has been widely discredited in modern times due to advancements in genetics and medical science that have shown that race is a social construct and not a biological reality.

Question 12

The idea of race arose in different forms over time beginning around the _______ century.

Accepted Answer

The idea of race began to take shape in the sixteenth century when Europeans began to explore and colonize other parts of the world and encountered people who looked different from themselves. The concept of race was used to justify the subjugation and enslavement of people who were deemed inferior based on their physical characteristics.

Question 13

Scholars argue that despite the nonexistence of biological race, giving up entirely our ability to talk and think about racialized groups and racial realities would have _______ effects.

Accepted Answer

The argument suggests that ignoring racialized groups and realities could lead to negative consequences, hence "disastrous" effects.

Question 14

U.S. law recognizes that racially based wrongs are _______ other similar wrongs.

Accepted Answer

U.S. law often treats racially based wrongs as more serious due to the historical and systemic impact of racism, which can lead to enhanced penalties or specific legal protections.

Question 15

According to Sullivan, the most obvious difference between white liberalism and white supremacy is that the racial biases of white supremacists tend to be much more _______ than those of white liberals.

Accepted Answer

The word "obvious" in the statement suggests that the difference between the two is clear and evident. Therefore, white supremacists' racial biases would be more overt or blatant compared to white liberals, who may have more subtle or implicit biases.

Question 16

According to Sullivan, how is the production and display of white middle-class moral goodness established?

Accepted Answer

According to Sullivan, the production and display of white middle-class moral goodness is established by contrasting themselves with poor and lower-class white people whom they establish as morally bad. They "make their claim to moral superiority by defining themselves against those who are positioned as being morally inferior." This is done through various means, such as denigrating the culture and actions of poor or lower-class white people.

Question 17

According to Sullivan, the best way for a "good white person" to ensure that
They aren't mistaken for one of the "bad white people" is to display _______about their racial identity and history.

Accepted Answer

Sullivan argues that displaying shame about one's racial identity and history is a way for "good white people" to distinguish themselves from "bad white people," as it shows a recognition of and a grappling with historical and ongoing racial injustices.

Question 18

According to Sullivan, what do white people need to learn to feel about their whiteness?

Accepted Answer

Sullivan argues that white people need to learn to love their whiteness in a way that recognizes and acknowledges the privileges and benefits that come with it, while also actively working to dismantle systemic racism and inequality.

Question 19

What does Sullivan prefer to call a white person whose racial identity and habits challenge white domination?

Accepted Answer

Sullivan prefers to call a white person whose racial identity and habits challenge white domination a "white ally." Sullivan argues that "race traitor" reinforces the idea that whiteness is the default and desired identity, and "anti-racist" suggests that the person is actively working against racism but does not address the specific challenge to white domination. "Color blind" is not an appropriate term because it ignores the existence and impact of structural racism.

Question 20

Racism is empirically wrong because it is based on assumptions about the world that science has shown to be unfounded.

Accepted Answer

Racism is based on the false belief that certain races are superior or inferior to others, and that these differences are genetic or inherent. However, scientific evidence has repeatedly shown that there are no significant genetic differences between races and that differences in abilities, behavior, or culture are largely shaped by social, historical, and environmental factors. Therefore, racism is not only morally objectionable but also empirically wrong, as it contradicts established scientific knowledge.

Quiz 11: Racism, Equity, and Privilege