Question 1

Which child is most likely to be the tallest?
A) Kristin, who has a tall father and a short mother
B) Megan, who has a short father and a tall mother
C) Kara, who has a tall mother and a tall father
D) Melissa, who has a short father and a short mother

Accepted Answer

Children tend to inherit their height from their parents, so if both parents are tall, it is more likely that their child will also be tall. Therefore, Kara, who has both a tall mother and father, is most likely to be the tallest.

Question 2

Which statement concerning co-sleeping is accurate?
A) It is most effective in cultures that value child self-reliance.
B) It can reduce the need for elaborate rituals aimed at having children sleep in their own rooms.
C) It seems to negatively affect child-parent bonding.
D) It is done exclusively with mom.

Accepted Answer

Co-sleeping can reduce the need for elaborate rituals aimed at having children sleep in their own rooms, as the child is already accustomed to sleeping in close proximity to the parents. However, the other statements are inaccurate. Co-sleeping is practiced in many cultures where child self-reliance is highly valued, and it actually promotes child-parent bonding. Co-sleeping can also be done with both parents, not just mom.

Question 3

Which statement regarding temperament is False?
A) Identical twins are more similar in temperament than are fraternal twins.
B) Some temperamental characteristics are more common is certain cultures.
C) Environmental factors are not related to emotionality.
D) The confidence level of mothers is related to temperament.

Accepted Answer

Environmental factors can influence temperament, particularly during early childhood when experiences shape the development of the brain and nervous system.

Question 4

Julio and Kari are babies who are the same age but very different from each other. Julio has the ability to focus his attention on a task, while Kari is very easily distracted. Julio and Kari differ on which dimension of temperament?
A) Activity
B) Negative affect
C) Effortful control
D) Surgency

Accepted Answer

Effortful control refers to the ability to focus and shift attention when desired, control one's behavior, and plan actions thoughtfully. Julio's ability to focus his attention on a task, compared to Kari's ease of distraction, highlights a difference in their effortful control, a key dimension of temperament.

Question 5

Dr. Ramone is interested in studying how babies are different in terms of their behavior toward other people, how energetic they are, and how easily they are upset. It is most likely that Dr. Ramone is studying
A) SIDS.
B) temperament.
C) theory of mind.
D) waking activity.

Accepted Answer

The study of how babies differ in their behavior toward others, energy levels, and emotional reactivity is known as temperament.

Question 6

Why are African-American babies twice as likely to die from SIDS?
A) They are more genetically predisposed to the disease.
B) They are more likely to have blood diseases that predispose them to SIDS.
C) Their parents are less intelligent than other parents.
D) They are more likely to be put to bed on their stomachs.

Accepted Answer

African-American babies are more likely to be put to bed on their stomachs, which is a major risk factor for SIDS. This is due to cultural factors and misinformation about the safest sleep practices.

Question 7

If Andrew is shy when he is two-years-old, he is more likely to be ____ when he is four-years-old.
A) highly sociable
B) happy
C) argumentative
D) shy

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that temperament tends to be stable over time, meaning that if Andrew is shy at two-years-old, he is likely to remain shy as he gets older.

Question 8

Three-week-old Toni is in a sleep state characterized by arm movements and grimaces. This would suggest that Toni is in _____ sleep.
A) rapid-eye-movement
B) regular
C) non-REM
D) alert inactivity

Accepted Answer

The answer of Three-week-old Toni is in a sleep state...

Question 9

While doing a study of temperament, Dr. Chernahoy is studying how long toddlers can play with some building toys without being distracted. What dimension of temperament is Dr. Chernahoy most likely assessing?
A) Activity level
B) Persistence
C) Inhibition
D) Negative affect

Accepted Answer

Persistence refers to the ability to stay focused on a task and continue to work at it despite challenges or distractions. In this study, Dr. Chernahoy is specifically looking at how long toddlers can play with building toys without being distracted, which is assessing their level of persistence.

Question 10

Which is not an aspect of regular (non-REM) sleep?
A) Steady breathing
B) Twitching
C) Steady brain activity
D) Increased frequency as infants grow

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is not an aspect of regular...

Question 11

A friend hears that you are in a developmental psychology course and asks you how long his newborn daughter is suppose to sleep. Being a very bright student, you would give the correct answer of,
A) "8-10 hours a day."
B) "12-14 hours a day."
C) "16-18 hours a day."
D) "20-22 hours a day."

Accepted Answer

Newborn infants typically sleep 16-18 hours a day. This is because their sleep-wake cycle is not yet fully developed, and they need more sleep for brain and physical development. As they grow older, they require less sleep. Therefore, option C is the most appropriate answer.

Question 12

Carla is researching temperament by determining how often different babies exhibit irritability and anger. Which dimension of temperament is Carla assessing?
A) Activity level
B) Negative affect
C) Inhibition
D) Persistence

Accepted Answer

Carla is assessing the dimension of negative affect, which refers to the frequency and intensity of expressions of discomfort, sadness, anger, and fear.

Question 13

Which person is most likely experiencing the most rapid physical growth?
A) Jose, who is 18 months old
B) Sean, who is 6 years old
C) Rudolf, who is just reaching puberty
D) Elias, who is 19 years old

Accepted Answer

Infancy (birth to 24 months) is the most rapid period of physical growth, with babies typically tripling their birth weight by one year of age and reaching half their adult height by 2 years of age. Therefore, Jose, who is 18 months old, is most likely experiencing the most rapid physical growth among the given choices.

Question 14

Siroun is informed that both of her one-year-old twin daughters are of "normal" weight. She is then informed that one weighs 16 pounds and the other weighs 26 pounds. How is this possible?
A) One of the twins likely has Down syndrome.
B) The daughters were likely misweighed.
C) The "normal" weight range of one-year-olds is very wide.
D) The initial "normal" information was incorrect.

Accepted Answer

The "normal" weight range for one-year-olds is very wide, so it is possible for twins to fall within that range while having a significant difference in weight. It is not necessary to jump to conclusions about Down syndrome or a misweighing.

Question 15

Who is at greatest risk of falling victim to sudden infant death syndrome?
A) Tina, who is 3 months old
B) Leslie, who is 9 months old
C) Bridget, who is 2 years old
D) Jon, who is 5 years old

Accepted Answer

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is most commonly seen in infants between one and four months old, with the highest incidence at two to three months old. Therefore, Tina, who is three months old, is at the highest risk for SIDS. The other children listed are not at the same level of risk for SIDS.

Question 16

The "Back to Sleep" campaign was aimed at reducing
A) SIDS.
B) nightmares.
C) co-sleeping.
D) malnutrition.

Accepted Answer

The "Back to Sleep" campaign was aimed at reducing the rate of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), which is the unexpected death of a seemingly healthy infant under the age of one. The campaign encouraged parents to place their infants on their backs to sleep, as research showed that this sleeping position reduced the risk of SIDS.

Question 17

Benji is a four-year-old who has a very difficult time falling asleep at night. According to your text, what is the best remedy for this problem?
A) Make sure that Benji eats something soothing before going to bed.
B) Keep Benji up later and later to make sure he's tired before going to bed.
C) Engage Benji in rigorous exercise immediately before bedtime to make sure he's tired before going to bed.
D) Develop a regular bedtime routine.

Accepted Answer

Developing a regular bedtime routine is the best remedy for a child like Benji who has difficulty falling asleep at night. This routine can include activities like reading a book or taking a warm bath before bed. A consistent routine can help signal to Benji's body that it is time to sleep and he may find it easier to fall asleep and stay asleep throughout the night. So, keeping a regular bedtime routine is the best choice to address Benji's difficulty in falling asleep.

Question 18

Even though he is only 20 days old, Cherokee appears to be very happy and vocal around other people. How would a theorist use the concept of temperament to explain his behavior?
A) A temperament theorist would argue that Cherokee is high in activity level.
B) A temperament theorist would argue that Cherokee is high in negative affect.
C) A temperament theorist would argue that Cherokee is high in surgency/extraversion.
D) Temperament theory cannot explain his behavior.

Accepted Answer

The theorist would use the concept of surgency/extraversion to explain Cherokee's behavior because this temperament trait is characterized by high energy level, positive mood, and sociability, which fit with the description of him being happy and vocal around other people.

Question 19

Five-month-old Hakeem currently weighs 20 pounds. How many calories should he be ingesting each day?
A) 200
B) 400
C) 800
D) 1,000

Accepted Answer

The answer of Five-month-old Hakeem currently weighs 20 pounds. How...

Question 20

Maria is a typical, healthy one-year-old who weighs 24 pounds. Which is the best estimate of her birth weight?
A) 4 pounds
B) 8 pounds
C) 12 pounds
D) 16 pounds

Accepted Answer

On average, most newborn babies weigh between 5.5 and 9.9 pounds. Since Maria is a healthy one-year-old who weighs 24 pounds, it is reasonable to assume that she has approximately tripled her birth weight. Therefore, the best estimate of her birth weight would be around 8 pounds.

Quiz 3: Tools for Exploring the World: Physical, Perceptual, and Motor Development

Which child is most likely to be the tallest?

Which statement concerning co-sleeping is accurate?

Which statement regarding temperament is False?

Julio and Kari are babies who are the same age but very different from each other. Julio has the ability to focus his attention on a task, while Kari is very easily distracted. Julio and Kari differ on which dimension of temperament?

Dr. Ramone is interested in studying how babies are different in terms of their behavior toward other people, how energetic they are, and how easily they are upset. It is most likely that Dr. Ramone is studying

Why are African-American babies twice as likely to die from SIDS?

If Andrew is shy when he is two-years-old, he is more likely to be ____ when he is four-years-old.

Three-week-old Toni is in a sleep state characterized by arm movements and grimaces. This would suggest that Toni is in _____ sleep.

While doing a study of temperament, Dr. Chernahoy is studying how long toddlers can play with some building toys without being distracted. What dimension of temperament is Dr. Chernahoy most likely assessing?

Which is not an aspect of regular (non-REM) sleep?

A friend hears that you are in a developmental psychology course and asks you how long his newborn daughter is suppose to sleep. Being a very bright student, you would give the correct answer of,

Carla is researching temperament by determining how often different babies exhibit irritability and anger. Which dimension of temperament is Carla assessing?

Which person is most likely experiencing the most rapid physical growth?

Siroun is informed that both of her one-year-old twin daughters are of "normal" weight. She is then informed that one weighs 16 pounds and the other weighs 26 pounds. How is this possible?

Who is at greatest risk of falling victim to sudden infant death syndrome?

The "Back to Sleep" campaign was aimed at reducing

Benji is a four-year-old who has a very difficult time falling asleep at night. According to your text, what is the best remedy for this problem?

Even though he is only 20 days old, Cherokee appears to be very happy and vocal around other people. How would a theorist use the concept of temperament to explain his behavior?

Five-month-old Hakeem currently weighs 20 pounds. How many calories should he be ingesting each day?

Maria is a typical, healthy one-year-old who weighs 24 pounds. Which is the best estimate of her birth weight?