Question 1

Which of the following is a sign of puberty?

Accepted Answer

The development of the uterus and ovaries in girls, the development of the prostate gland in boys, and voice changes are all signs of puberty.

Question 2

The average age of menarche, or first menstrual cycle is

Accepted Answer

The average age of menarche is around 12 1/2 years old. However, it can range from 8-16 years old. Options A and B are too old, while option D is too young for the average age of menarche.

Question 3

With regard to the association between hormones and behavior, research indicates

Accepted Answer

While there is evidence of an association between hormones and behavior, it is difficult to establish a clear cause-and-effect relationship. Hormones can influence behavior, but behavior can also influence hormone levels. Therefore, the association between hormones and behavior is better classified as a correlation rather than a causation, making option A the correct choice. C and D are incorrect, as they imply that the association is either inconclusive or that a clear cause-and-effect relationship has been found, which is not the case.

Question 4

A social worker who explores how Alicia is getting meals when she is on the street, whether school stress is involved with Alicia's behavior, and inquires if Alicia has any particular faith or spirituality connections that could serve as a resource would be working from which model or theory?

Accepted Answer

The social worker is exploring various environmental factors that could be affecting Alicia's situation, including her access to food, school stress and potential spiritual resources. These are all part of the Ecological Model, which considers multiple levels of influence on an individual's behavior and well-being. The Systems theory and Psychosocial theory could also be applicable, but there is no explicit mention of examining Alicia's relationships or psychological development in this scenario. The Medical Model is not relevant since there is no indication that Alicia is experiencing a medical problem that needs to be treated.

Question 5

Which of the following is associated with cognitive development during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

All of the above options are associated with cognitive development during adolescence. In this stage, adolescents develop abstract thinking skills, which allow them to think about thinking, grapple with complex issues, and consider multifaceted topics. These skills contribute to an individual's ability to reason and make informed decisions.

Question 6

According to the textbook "teens tend to rely on the amygdala for emotional processing, whereas adults use the frontal cortex". This statement means:

Accepted Answer

The statement indicates that teenagers rely on the amygdala for emotional processing, which is associated with more impulsive and reactive behavior. In contrast, adults rely on the frontal cortex for emotional processing, which is associated with more rational and controlled responses to emotions. This means that teenagers may struggle with accurately interpreting and managing their emotions in comparison to adults.

Question 7

"People value the opinions of others" and "behavior is guided by external social expectations" refer to which level of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?

Accepted Answer

"People value the opinions of others" and "behavior is guided by external social expectations" both reflect conventional reasoning in Kohlberg's theory of moral development. At this stage, individuals seek to maintain social order and gain approval from others, rather than solely focusing on personal gain or obedience to authority (preconventional reasoning) or individual moral principles (postconventional reasoning).

Question 8

"People have internalized moral values" refers to which level of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?

Accepted Answer

People who have internalized moral values have reached the postconventional level of Kohlberg's theory of moral development, where they have developed a personal moral code based on abstract principles and values rather than just following the rules of society or authority figures.

Question 9

If Alicia started to ------------------------------- on time because she agreed to a reward system where 3 days in a row of being on time at school earns her a ticket to see her favorite band in concert, she would be said to be in which of Kohlberg's stages?

Accepted Answer

Alicia's behavior is motivated by personal rewards, which aligns with Stage 2 of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, known as "Individualism and Exchange" or sometimes referred to as "Instrumental Relativist Orientation." This stage is characterized by the view that right behavior means acting in one's own best interests.

Question 10

Which of the following is a valid critique of Kohlberg's Moral Development theory?

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's theory is based on individualistic thinking and may not apply to people who are more concerned with the perspectives of others, such as those from collectivist cultures. Additionally, some critics argue that the stages of moral reasoning Kohlberg identified are too rigid and do not account for situational factors that may affect moral decision-making.

Question 11

"Opinions of others are not as important as the integrity of their decisions." Which level of Gilligan's theory of moral development does this describe?

Accepted Answer

This statement aligns with the third level of Gilligan's theory, which is the morality of individual principles and conscience. At this level, individuals make moral decisions based on their own internal values and principles rather than external factors such as societal norms or the opinions of others. The focus is on upholding personal integrity and authenticity.

Question 12

Alicia might be only at level one in Gilligan's theory. She seems to be focused on survival and her own needs. However, it could also be that this kind of focus is "normal" for an adolescent Alicia's age. Which intervention would be appropriate, based on applying Gilligan's theory to Alicia?

Accepted Answer

Individual counseling combined with family or peer groups can help Alicia transition from a focus on her own needs to a more responsible and relational perspective, aligning with Gilligan's theory of moral development.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT part of Kolb's four step learning process?

Accepted Answer

The four parts of Kolb's learning process are 1) concrete experience, 2) reflective observation, 3) abstract conceptualization, and 4) active experimentation. Option D does not align with any of these four steps.

Question 14

The overall evaluation of self is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem refers to the overall evaluation of oneself, including one's beliefs, emotions, and behaviors about their worth and value as a person. Confidence, self-worth, and poise may all contribute to one's self-esteem, but they are not the same as self-esteem itself.

Question 15

A disorder characterized by extreme thinness along with eating binges and purge patterns is called:

Accepted Answer

This disorder is called Bulimia nervosa, which includes both eating binges and purge patterns. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by extreme thinness without binge eating or purging patterns. Weight anxiety and refusal to maintain body weight may be symptoms present in both disorders, but they do not fully encompass the characteristics of either disorder.

Question 16

Which eating disorder is Alicia's mom most likely worried about based on Alicia's behavior?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which eating disorder is Alicia's mom most...

Question 17

All the following are adaptive tasks for homosexual adolescents EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Finding a life-long partner is not an adaptive task specific to homosexual adolescents, but rather a general developmental task that can apply to all individuals. The other choices (changing relationships and establishing independence, building social supports, exploring career, vocational, and educational goals) are all adaptive tasks that are important for homosexual adolescents to navigate as they navigate their identity development and integration into society.

Question 18

When working with homosexual clients, social workers need to be aware of interventions that attempt to "change" them such as:

Accepted Answer

Conversion therapy (also sometimes called "reparative therapy") is a type of intervention that attempts to change a person's sexual orientation from homosexual to heterosexual. It has been widely discredited by medical professionals and organizations and is considered harmful and unethical. Social workers should be aware of the potential for clients to have undergone or be considering conversion therapy and should not support or encourage it.

Question 19

With regards to adolescent drug use, when compared to other industrialized nations, the United States

Accepted Answer

The United States has the highest rate of adolescent drug use when compared to other industrialized nations. This is supported by various studies and statistics, such as the Monitoring the Future survey and data from the World Health Organization. While the U.S. does spend a significant amount of money on treatment for drug use, this does not necessarily correlate with the rate of drug use among adolescents.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for teen substance use?

Accepted Answer

School success is actually a protective factor for teen substance use, as it provides a sense of purpose and a positive outlet for energy and stress. Community disorganization, family conflict, and early initiation of problem behavior are all established risk factors for substance use among teens.

Quiz 9: Development in Adolescence