Question 1

If a patient can copy and match shapes normally but cannot identify objects from their images they may be suffering from
A) Associative agnosia
B) Apperceptive agnosia
C) Optic ataxia
D) Hemianopia

Accepted Answer

Associative agnosia is a type of visual agnosia where the individual cannot recognize objects despite being able to process and copy their shapes. It is caused by damage to the temporal lobes or the connections between the temporal lobe and other parts of the brain involved in object recognition.

Question 2

Which one of the following is not an example of an extrinsic factor in object recognition?
A) Background texture
B) Viewpoint of the observer
C) Light source
D) Surface properties

Accepted Answer

Surface properties, such as the color, texture, and shape of an object, are intrinsic factors that are part of the object itself and not influenced by external factors such as light source or viewpoint. Therefore, D is the correct answer as it is not an extrinsic factor.

Question 3

Which one of the following is used in view-independent theories of object recognition?
A) Pattern templates
B) Canonical views
C) Structural descriptions
D) Shape space

Accepted Answer

Structural descriptions are used in view-independent theories of object recognition because they allow for the recognition of objects regardless of the viewpoint, based on the object's parts and the spatial relationships between those parts.

Question 4

Which one of the following is not classed as a 'nonaccidental' property of contours in an image?
A) Linearity
B) Parallelism
C) Orientation
D) Symmetry

Accepted Answer

Orientation is not considered a 'nonaccidental' property because it can change with the viewpoint, unlike properties like linearity, parallelism, and symmetry, which are more invariant.

Question 5

Which one of the following is used in view-dependent theories of object recognition?
A) Generalised cones
B) Canonical views
C) Structural descriptions
D) Geons

Accepted Answer

View-dependent theories of object recognition rely on the ability to recognize objects from specific angles or views, rather than abstract or structural representations of objects. Canonical views refer to these specific angles or views that are most easily recognized by humans, and are therefore used in view-dependent theories of object recognition. Generalized cones and geons are related to view-independent theories of object recognition, while structural descriptions may be used in both view-dependent and view-independent theories.

Question 6

Whose theory makes use of geons?
A) Biederman's
B) Marr and Nishihara's
C) Tarr & Bulthoff's
D) Ullman's

Accepted Answer

Biederman's geon theory suggests that the recognition of objects is based on simple geometric shapes called geons, which can be combined to create complex object representations.

Question 7

Whose theory makes use of generalised cones?
A) Biederman's
B) Marr and Nishihara's
C) Tarr & Bulthoff's
D) Ullman's

Accepted Answer

Marr and Nishihara's theory of shape representation involves the use of generalized cones (or "geons") as a way to describe the three-dimensional shape of objects. This approach is part of their broader work on visual perception and computational vision.

Question 8

.In shape space the metric distance between objects reflects their
A) Viewpoint
B) Similarity
C) Identity
D) Volume

Accepted Answer

In shape space, the metric distance between objects reflects their similarity. This means that objects that are closer together in shape space are more similar to each other than objects that are farther apart. Therefore, the best choice is B, similarity.

Question 9

Which lobe of the cortex contains neurons that respond to particular views of objects?
A) Frontal
B) Parietal
C) Temporal
D) Occipital

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe contains neurons that respond to particular views of objects, as well as neurons that process auditory information and some aspects of language. The frontal lobe is involved in decision-making and motor control, the parietal lobe is involved in spatial cognition and sensory processing, and the occipital lobe is primarily responsible for visual processing.

Question 10

T-junctions are a cue for:
A) Object silhouette
B) Texture grouping
C) Surface parsing
D) Object structure

Accepted Answer

T-junctions are a cue for surface parsing, which involves identifying the boundaries and surfaces of objects in a scene. T-junctions occur where two surfaces meet, and the edges of those surfaces form a T-shape. By detecting and analyzing these T-junctions, computer vision systems can distinguish between different objects and surfaces in an image. T-junctions are not directly related to object structure, object silhouette, or texture grouping, although they may be used in conjunction with other cues to analyze these aspects of an image.

Question 11

What information is conveyed by the silhouette of an object?
A) Internal structure
B) Texture
C) Bounding contour
D) Colour

Accepted Answer

A silhouette depicts the outermost visible shape or contour of an object, without displaying any internal structure, texture, or colour. Therefore, the information conveyed by a silhouette is the bounding contour or outline of the object.

Question 12

If a patient is unable to name, copy or correctly match shapes they may be suffering from
A) Associative agnosia
B) Apperceptive agnosia
C) Optic ataxia
D) Hemianopia

Accepted Answer

Apperceptive agnosia is a type of visual agnosia where patients have difficulty with perceptual processing of visual information. This can result in difficulty with copying or matching shapes, as well as problems with object recognition. Associative agnosia refers to a deficit in connecting visual perceptual information with stored knowledge about objects. Optic ataxia is a motor deficit where patients have difficulty with visually guided reaching and grasping. Hemianopia is a visual field deficit where patients have lost vision in one half of their visual field. While it can also affect shape recognition, it is not specific to this task and does not lead to difficulty with copying or matching shapes.

Question 13

Which one of the following is not a Gestalt law of perceptual organisation?
A) Parsing
B) Proximity
C) Similarity
D) Good continuation

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt law of perceptual organization includes proximity, similarity, and good continuation, but not parsing.

Question 14

The Gestalt perceptual law of common fate is associated with which one of these stimulus properties?
A) Colour
B) Size
C) Motion
D) Contrast

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt perceptual law of common fate refers to the tendency for visual elements that move in the same direction to be perceptually grouped together. This is therefore associated with the stimulus property of motion.

Question 15

Lane markings on roads exploit which Gestalt law of perception?
A) Proximity
B) Good continuation
C) Common fate
D) Similarity of size

Accepted Answer

Lane markings on roads follow the principle of good continuation, which suggests that elements that form a smooth path or curve are often perceived as a single group or entity. The markings guide drivers along a continuous path and help them maintain their position on the road.

Question 16

The Gestalt principle of good continuation may relate to which property of natural objects?
A) Cohesiveness
B) Opacity
C) Contour smoothness
D) Uniform texture

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of good continuation refers to the tendency for people to perceive edges and contours in a way that flows smoothly rather than abruptly changing direction. Contour smoothness relates to this principle, as natural objects often have continuous curves and lines that allow for smooth continuation of their forms. Cohesiveness, opacity, and uniform texture do not directly relate to this principle.

Question 17

The Gestalt principle of similarity may relate to which property of natural objects?
A) Cohesiveness
B) Opacity
C) Contour smoothness
D) Uniform texture

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of similarity states that objects that have similar features, such as texture, color, or shape, are perceived as belonging together. Therefore, the property of uniform texture relates to this principle as it is a defining feature that contributes to the unity and similarity of an object.

Question 18

Which one of the following is not an example of one of Marr's Primal Sketch primitives?
A) Global distance
B) Average size
C) Local orientation
D) Average local intensity

Accepted Answer

Global distance is not one of Marr's Primal Sketch primitives. The Primal Sketch primitives are local orientation, intensity, and edges. Marr later added a fourth primitive, called the "blob", which represents regions of uniform intensity. Average size is not a primitive, but can be calculated from the primitives of local orientation and edges. Average local intensity is also not a primitive, but can be calculated from the primitive of intensity.

Question 19

Which of the following is not included in the local spatial information represented in early visual processing?
A) Position
B) Contrast
C) Shape
D) Orientation

Accepted Answer

Local spatial information in early visual processing includes basic features such as position, contrast, and orientation. Shape, however, is recognized as a more complex feature that is processed at later stages in the visual system, beyond the initial local spatial information processing.

Question 20

Which one of the following statements about Marr and Nishihara's (1978) theory of object processing is not correct?
A) Generalised cones form a 2-D image representation
B) It is a view-independent theory of object processing
C) The object model is hierarchical; component parts can be decomposed into parts.
D) It relies on the presence of an axis of symmetry or elongation.

Accepted Answer

Marr and Nishihara's theory actually posits that generalized cones form a 3-D representation of an object, not a 2-D image representation. This is a key aspect of their theory, emphasizing the three-dimensional structure of objects in the visual processing system.

Quiz 10: Shape and Object Perception

If a patient can copy and match shapes normally but cannot identify objects from their images they may be suffering from

Which one of the following is not an example of an extrinsic factor in object recognition?

Which one of the following is used in view-independent theories of object recognition?

Which one of the following is not classed as a 'nonaccidental' property of contours in an image?

Which one of the following is used in view-dependent theories of object recognition?

Whose theory makes use of geons?

Whose theory makes use of generalised cones?

.In shape space the metric distance between objects reflects their

Which lobe of the cortex contains neurons that respond to particular views of objects?

T-junctions are a cue for:

What information is conveyed by the silhouette of an object?

If a patient is unable to name, copy or correctly match shapes they may be suffering from

Which one of the following is not a Gestalt law of perceptual organisation?

The Gestalt perceptual law of common fate is associated with which one of these stimulus properties?

Lane markings on roads exploit which Gestalt law of perception?

The Gestalt principle of good continuation may relate to which property of natural objects?

The Gestalt principle of similarity may relate to which property of natural objects?

Which one of the following is not an example of one of Marr's Primal Sketch primitives?

Which of the following is not included in the local spatial information represented in early visual processing?

Which one of the following statements about Marr and Nishihara's (1978) theory of object processing is not correct?