Question 1

________ founded the American Psychological Association and served as its first
President in 1892.

Accepted Answer

G. Stanley Hall founded the American Psychological Association and served as its first president in 1892.

Question 2

_____ brought Freud and Jung to American and helped introduce psychoanalysis to the United States

Accepted Answer

G. Stanley Hall, an American psychologist and student of Wundt, was responsible for bringing Freud and Jung to the United States and for introducing psychoanalysis to American psychology.

Question 3

A radical developmental-evolutionary approach to psychology is more evident in the work of _______ than in the work of any other pioneer psychologist.

Accepted Answer

G. Stanley Hall is known for his radical developmental-evolutionary approach to psychology, which emphasized the importance of studying the entire lifespan of an individual and his/her developmental stages in order to understand the complexities of human behavior. His ideas were heavily influenced by the evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin and Spencer, and he believed that the study of comparative psychology and child development was crucial for understanding human nature.

Question 4

_____ was one of the first to argue for a children's institute dedicated to extensive research on children.

Accepted Answer

G. Stanley Hall was a pioneering figure in child psychology and one of the first to advocate for a dedicated research institute focused on children's development.

Question 5

"Ontogony recapitulates phylogeny." This statement is most consistent with the ideas of

Accepted Answer

"Ontogony recapitulates phylogeny" is a phrase coined by G. Stanley Hall, one of the founding fathers of psychology in the United States. Hall believed that the development of an individual through childhood and adolescence reflects the evolutionary development of the human species.

Question 6

In his classic article, "The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology," John Dewey argued that

Accepted Answer

In his article, Dewey argued against dissecting experience or reflexes into artificial piecemeal units, as he believed that doing so would lead to an incomplete understanding of psychology. He saw the reflex arc as a useful concept, but only when studied in the context of the organism's entire situation and its behavior as a whole. Dewey also did not argue for the foundational role of the reflex in all of psychology, nor did he specifically advocate for the work of Ivan Pavlov over any other psychologist or physiologist. While he did discuss the goals of structuralism and functionalism, he did not explicitly argue for their reconciliation through the concept of the reflex.

Question 7

_______ extended many of the concepts of functionalism into the field of education. He argued that the
Concept of democracy is learned and that democratic ideals cannot be fostered in schools that emphasize rote
Learning and strict regimentation.

Accepted Answer

John Dewey extended many concepts of functionalism into education and believed that democratic ideals cannot be fostered in schools that emphasize rote learning and strict regimentation.

Question 8

The major classic exposition of functionalism was set forth in an article entitled "The Province of Functional
Psychology" by

Accepted Answer

"The Province of Functional Psychology" was written by James Rowland Angell and published in 1906.

Question 9

_____ argued that functionalism had been in existence since Aristotle began to investigate the operations
Rather than the mere stuff of mental experience.

Accepted Answer

James Rowland Angell was a key figure in the functionalist movement in psychology, which emphasized the functions of the mind and behavior in adapting to the environment. He argued that this perspective had historical roots going back to Aristotle.

Question 10

_____ was primarily concerned with mental activity, defined as "the acquisition, fixation, retention,
Organization, and evaluation of experiences and their subsequent utilization in the guidance of conduct."

Accepted Answer

Harvey A. Carr was primarily concerned with mental activity, which he defined as "the acquisition, fixation, retention, organization, and evaluation of experiences and their subsequent utilization in the guidance of conduct."

Question 11

The term mental tests was coined by

Accepted Answer

James McKeen Cattell, a student of Wilhelm Wundt, coined the term "mental tests" in his book "Mental Tests and Measurements" published in 1890. William James and John Dewey were both influential American philosophers and psychologists, but they did not coin the term "mental tests." Leta Stetter Hollingworth was a prominent psychologist who made significant contributions to the study of gifted children, but she was not associated with the development of mental tests.

Question 12

Although highly motivated by Sir Francis Galton to study measurement and to acquire a variety of
Measurements from many people, the data were not correlated with any meaningful measure and as a result the
Research career of _____ was destroyed.

Accepted Answer

Sir Francis Galton influenced and encouraged James McKeen Cattell to conduct research on measurement, but the lack of correlation with any meaningful measure ultimately led to the destruction of his research career.

Question 13

Science, a periodical very important to disciplines such as physics, biology, and chemistry was edited for almost 50 years by one of the pioneers in psychology. He was

Accepted Answer

James McKeen Cattell was a pioneering psychologist who edited the scientific journal Science for nearly 50 years, significantly contributing to its influence in various scientific disciplines.

Question 14

_____ influenced psychology through strong leadership and a series of important textbooks including
Experimental Psychology, which served as the standard reference in the field for over two decades.

Accepted Answer

Robert Sessions Woodworth was a significant figure in psychology, known for his leadership and contributions to the field, including his influential textbooks such as "Experimental Psychology," which was a key reference for many years.

Question 15

Functional autonomy refers to

Accepted Answer

Functional autonomy refers to the idea that a motive or drive may become independent of the original need or impulse that gave rise to it, and may persist even after the original need has been satisfied. This can occur when the means of satisfying the original need become associated with pleasure and rewards, leading to the pursuit of those rewards becoming a separate, self-sustaining motive. For example, a person may start exercising to lose weight, but continue to exercise even after reaching their desired weight because they have come to enjoy the activity and the sense of accomplishment it provides.

Question 16

The importance of motivation had been neglected in many early systems of psychology.
Which of the following did most to elevate the importance of motivation?

Accepted Answer

Robert Sessions Woodworth is considered to have been the most influential in elevating the importance of motivation in psychology, specifically with his book "Dynamic Psychology" (1918), which emphasized the importance of understanding motivation and behavior as a dynamic and interactive process.

Question 17

Although Harvard University refused to grant her a Ph.D. _________ served as the first female president of the
American Psychological Association, and she argued that the concept of the self should be a major focus in the
Work of psychologists.

Accepted Answer

Mary Whiton Calkins served as the first female president of the American Psychological Association and advocated for the study of the self in psychology. Although she completed all the requirements for a Ph.D. at Harvard University, she was denied the degree because of her gender.

Question 18

_____ developed the paired-associate method for studying memory.

Accepted Answer

Mary Calkins developed the paired-associate method for studying memory, which involves presenting pairs of items (e.g., a word and a number) and later asking participants to recall one member of the pair when presented with the other.

Question 19

Briefly stated, the so-called variability hypothesis held that in all things

Accepted Answer

The variability hypothesis posits that men are more variable than women across a wide range of traits and characteristics. This hypothesis has been debated and studied extensively, but it remains a contentious topic in the fields of psychology and biology.

Question 20

The person who did the most to dismantle the variability hypothesis was

Accepted Answer

Leta Stetter Hollingworth conducted extensive research on individual differences and concluded that there is no meaningful difference in intelligence between men and women. She also challenged the notion that intelligence is fixed and cannot change, and instead argued that intellectual potential can be developed through education and experience. Her work helped to dismantle the variability hypothesis, which argued that men were inherently more variable in intelligence than women.

Quiz 12: Functionalism

________ founded the American Psychological Association and served as its first President in 1892.

_____ brought Freud and Jung to American and helped introduce psychoanalysis to the United States

A radical developmental-evolutionary approach to psychology is more evident in the work of _______ than in the work of any other pioneer psychologist.

_____ was one of the first to argue for a children's institute dedicated to extensive research on children.

"Ontogony recapitulates phylogeny." This statement is most consistent with the ideas of

In his classic article, "The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology," John Dewey argued that

_______ extended many of the concepts of functionalism into the field of education. He argued that the Concept of democracy is learned and that democratic ideals cannot be fostered in schools that emphasize rote Learning and strict regimentation.

The major classic exposition of functionalism was set forth in an article entitled "The Province of Functional Psychology" by

_____ argued that functionalism had been in existence since Aristotle began to investigate the operations Rather than the mere stuff of mental experience.

_____ was primarily concerned with mental activity, defined as "the acquisition, fixation, retention, Organization, and evaluation of experiences and their subsequent utilization in the guidance of conduct."

The term mental tests was coined by

Although highly motivated by Sir Francis Galton to study measurement and to acquire a variety of Measurements from many people, the data were not correlated with any meaningful measure and as a result the Research career of _____ was destroyed.

Science, a periodical very important to disciplines such as physics, biology, and chemistry was edited for almost 50 years by one of the pioneers in psychology. He was

_____ influenced psychology through strong leadership and a series of important textbooks including Experimental Psychology, which served as the standard reference in the field for over two decades.

Functional autonomy refers to

The importance of motivation had been neglected in many early systems of psychology. Which of the following did most to elevate the importance of motivation?

Although Harvard University refused to grant her a Ph.D. _________ served as the first female president of the American Psychological Association, and she argued that the concept of the self should be a major focus in the Work of psychologists.

_____ developed the paired-associate method for studying memory.

Briefly stated, the so-called variability hypothesis held that in all things

The person who did the most to dismantle the variability hypothesis was