Question 1

The reframing of ideal police work as community- and service-oriented, rather than crime-fighting, began with which movement?

Accepted Answer

The reframing of ideal police work towards a community- and service-oriented approach, rather than solely focusing on crime-fighting, began with the Civil Rights Movement. This movement emphasized equality, justice, and fair treatment for all citizens, which influenced the way policing was viewed and practiced.

Question 2

The "backbone of policing" is also known as ______.

Accepted Answer

The backbone of policing refers to the everyday work that is done by patrol officers, making patrol duty the best choice. Volunteer officers, crime scene investigators, and detective work are all important components of policing but they are not considered the backbone of policing.

Question 3

Which of the following statements pertaining to the first African American women hired in policing is true?

Accepted Answer

The statement that the first African American women hired in policing were a minority within a minority is true. They faced double discrimination - as both women and African Americans - and were vastly outnumbered by their male and white counterparts. The other options are not accurate.

Question 4

The entrance if women into U.S. police work was spurred by ______.

Accepted Answer

Women's participation in police work was primarily driven by concerns over sex workers' welfare during the Progressive Era. Female reformers thought that if women participated in policing, they could better protect girls and women from prostitution and abuse. This led to the creation of the first Women's Police Department in 1908 in Los Angeles, which was staffed entirely by women.

Question 5

The sexist view of women as matrons/maternal heavily influenced which of the following historical phases?

Accepted Answer

The term "matrons" specifically refers to the ideology of women as maternal figures who should take care of others, which heavily influenced the historical phases of moral reform and rescue. This ideology led to the creation of organizations such as the Women's Christian Temperance Union and the National Association of Colored Women, where women focused on social reform and improving the welfare of others. The idea of women as maternal figures also influenced the development of the profession of nursing, further emphasizing the role of women as caregivers.

Question 6

Which of Heidensohn's (1992) phases is characterized by the view of women as social workers more than "cops?"

Accepted Answer

According to Heidensohn's (1992), the phase characterized by the view of women as social workers more than "cops" is the moral reform, rescue, and matrons phase, where women were seen as moral guardians and protectors of vulnerable people, such as young girls and children, rather than enforcers of the law.

Question 7

In which of Heidensohn's (1992) phases were women working in roles that were confined to sexist "gender" skills?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In which of Heidensohn's (1992) phases were...

Question 8

Which one of Heidensohn's (1992) phases is characterized by stagnancy in the hiring of women police?

Accepted Answer

Heidensohn's (1992) phase of "latency and depression" refers to the period of time where there is a lack of progress and stagnancy in terms of the hiring and representation of women in the police force. This is characterized by a lack of opportunities and resistance to change within the organization.

Question 9

The stagnancy during Heidensohn's third phase is attributed to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The stagnancy during Heidensohn's third phase is attributed to the Great Depression, which significantly impacted societal progress and economic conditions, leading to a period of stagnation in various fields, including those related to gender and social reforms.

Question 10

Which one of Heidensohn's (1992) phases is characterized by the unprecedented hiring of women police officers due to legislation in the late 1960s and 1970s?

Accepted Answer

The expansion phase in Heidensohn's (1992) typology of women in policing is characterized by increased recruitment and hiring of women police officers due to legislation and societal changes in the late 1960s and 1970s. This phase also saw the creation of specialized units for women officers and the beginning of gender-sensitive policing practices.

Question 11

Which one of Brown's (1997) phases of women's entry into police work in Europe is often the result of a shortage of men to serve as police officers?

Accepted Answer

The "entry" phase is often characterized by the recruitment of women due to a shortage of men available to serve as police officers.

Question 12

Brown's (1997) ______ stage is where departmental structure limited women officers to working solely with women and children.

Accepted Answer

Brown's (1997) separated-restricted stage is where departmental structure limited women officers to working solely with women and children.

Question 13

The inhibitor to the separated-restricted phase is the ______ effect.

Accepted Answer

The crab-basket effect refers to the phenomenon of peers or colleagues sabotaging the success of an individual who is attempting to move up in their career or social status. This can manifest in behaviors such as gossiping, criticism, or even active obstruction. The other options, glass ceiling and glass escalator, both refer to barriers that prevent certain groups (usually women or minorities) from advancing to higher levels in their careers; however, they do not directly relate to the sabotage or resistance from peers that characterizes the crab-basket effect. The ripple effect is not relevant to the question.

Question 14

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the crab-basket effect?

Accepted Answer

The crab-basket effect refers to a situation where individuals in a group or community try to undermine or prevent the success of one another, resulting in no one succeeding. Personal conflicts arise from this, and it becomes a disadvantage to the team's ability to function effectively. Thus, option C is the correct answer for the disadvantage of the crab-basket effect. The other three options are not related to the crab-basket effect. Personal differences may or may not exist, open communication can be beneficial, and creativity depends on the individual's innovative abilities.

Question 15

Which of the following is an advantage of the crab-basket effect?

Accepted Answer

The crab-basket effect refers to a phenomenon where members of a group pull each other down and prevent upward mobility, much like crabs in a basket dragging the others down. In this sense, the coexistence of personal differences can be an advantage because it ensures that no one member dominates the group and allows for diverse perspectives and ideas to be shared.

Question 16

According to Brown (1997), litigation is often the result of which stage?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Brown (1997), litigation is often...

Question 17

Backlash and sexual harassment of women officers by men officers are associated with which one of Brown's (1997) phases?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Backlash and sexual harassment of women officers...

Question 18

In Brown's (1997) fifth phase, ______, there is increased inspection by outsiders, a clearer grievance process, and improved training.

Accepted Answer

Brown's fifth phase is the reform phase, which is characterized by increased inspection by outsiders, a clearer grievance process, and improved training.

Question 19

Brown's (1997) final phase of women's entry into police work in Europe is ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Brown's (1997) final phase of women's entry...

Question 20

In Brown's (1997) ______ phase, the number of women increases from a small minority to more equal representation.

Accepted Answer

In Brown's (1997) model, the "tip-over" phase describes the transition where the number of women in a particular field or area increases from being a small minority to achieving more equal representation with men.

Quiz 12: Women Working in Policing and Law Enforcement