Question 1

When the conditions under which X is true can be demonstrated, X is
A) falsifiable
B) valid
C) verifiable
D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

When the conditions under which X is true can be demonstrated, X is verifiable. This means that the statement can be proven or corroborated through evidence or testing. Falsifiable means that the statement can potentially be proven false, while valid means that the argument is logically sound. Neither of these terms specifically address the ability to demonstrate or prove a statement, so the best choice is C, verifiable.

Question 2

Describe one concern with the Correspondence Truth Theory.

Accepted Answer

One concern with the Correspondence Truth Theory is that it relies on the idea that truth is a matter of correspondence between a statement and the facts of the world. However, it can be difficult to determine what the "facts of the world" actually are, as our understanding of reality is constantly evolving. Additionally, the theory does not account for the role of language and interpretation in shaping our understanding of truth. This can lead to questions about whether truth is an objective reality or a subjective construct. Overall, the Correspondence Truth Theory may oversimplify the complex nature of truth and reality.

Question 3

List and Describe one characteristic of scientific investigation.

Accepted Answer

One characteristic of scientific investigation is its systematic approach. Scientific investigation follows a structured method to ensure that the process is logical, linear, and based on evidence. This systematic approach typically involves several key steps:

1. Observation: Scientists begin by observing the world around them, noting phenomena that require explanation. This can be something that is directly observed or a pattern that emerges from data.

2. Question: From these observations, scientists formulate questions that they want to answer through their research.

3. Hypothesis: A hypothesis is a testable prediction that provides a possible explanation for the observed phenomenon. It is often structured in a way that it can be supported or refuted through experimentation or further observation.

4. Experimentation: Scientists design and conduct experiments to test the hypothesis. This involves manipulating variables, controlling conditions, and gathering data in a reproducible manner.

5. Data Collection: During the experimentation phase, scientists collect data that are relevant to their hypothesis. This data must be collected systematically to ensure that it is accurate and reliable.

6. Analysis: The collected data are analyzed to determine whether they support or refute the hypothesis. This often involves statistical analysis to assess the significance of the results.

7. Conclusion: Based on the analysis, scientists draw conclusions about the validity of the hypothesis. If the hypothesis is supported, it may become a theory. If it is refuted, the hypothesis may be revised or discarded, and the process begins anew.

8. Communication: Finally, the results of the investigation are communicated to the scientific community and the public. This is typically done through scientific papers, conferences, and sometimes through media outlets.

The systematic approach is essential to scientific investigation because it ensures that conclusions are based on empirical evidence and logical reasoning, rather than on personal beliefs or biases. It also allows for the replication of studies, which is a fundamental aspect of verifying scientific findings.

Question 4

List and Describe one characteristic of personal experience.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and Describe one characteristic of personal...

Question 5

"Every time Deb has played the guitar, which was every day this past week, she's gotten better. So, she'll probably continue to get better (assuming she continues to play every day) " This is a case of
A) the gambler's fallacy
B) the fallacy of division
C) counterevidence
D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

The gambler's fallacy is the belief that a random event is more likely to occur after a series of unlikely events. In this case, Deb has gotten better at playing the guitar every day this past week. The gambler's fallacy would lead her to believe that she is more likely to get better at playing the guitar tomorrow, even though there is no evidence to support this claim.

Question 6

If you provide evidence that is inconsistent with the evidence offered for a claim, you have offered
A) truth
B) counterevidence
C) a fallacy
D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

Providing evidence that is inconsistent with the evidence offered for a claim is known as counterevidence. It is a valid way to challenge and question a claim, as it offers an alternative perspective that may dispute the original claim's validity.

Question 7

Which theory of truth says that a statement is true for an individual as long as he/she believes it to be
True?
A) pragmatism
B) coherence theory
C) correspondence theory
D) subjectivism

Accepted Answer

This theory is known as subjectivism, which states that truth is subjective and dependent on an individual's beliefs, opinions, and experiences.

Question 8

Which theory of truth says that a statement is true when it describes the way the world actually is?
A) pragmatism
B) coherence theory
C) correspondence theory
D) subjectivism

Accepted Answer

The correspondence theory of truth states that a statement is true when it corresponds to or accurately describes the way the world actually is. This means that truth is a matter of accurately representing reality, rather than being a matter of personal opinion or subjective experience.

Question 9

Which theory of truth says that a statement is true when it fits with other statements we believe to be true?
A) pragmatism
B) coherence theory
C) correspondence theory
D) subjectivism

Accepted Answer

The coherence theory of truth holds that a statement is true when it fits with other statements we believe to be true. In other words, truth is established by the coherence (consistency) of a set of beliefs or propositions.

Question 10

What two things should we consider when determining the acceptability of a claim?
A) plausibility and validity
B) validity and soundness
C) plausibility and reasonableness
D) soundess and reasonableness

Accepted Answer

Plausibility refers to how believable or realistic a claim is, while reasonableness refers to whether a claim is supported by evidence and logical reasoning. These two factors are important when determining whether a claim is acceptable or not. Validity and soundness are more specific to arguments, and while they are important, they may not always be relevant to evaluating individual claims.

Question 11

When the conditions under which X is false can be demonstrated, X is
A) falsifiable
B) valid
C) verifiable
D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

If the conditions under which X is false can be demonstrated, then X is said to be falsifiable. This means that X can potentially be proven false through experimentation or observation, which is a key aspect of the scientific method. A statement that is not falsifiable, on the other hand, cannot be tested in this way and therefore cannot be considered scientific.

Question 12

Describe one concern with the Coherence Truth Theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe one concern with the Coherence Truth...

Quiz 6: Truth and Acceptability

When the conditions under which X is true can be demonstrated, X is

Describe one concern with the Correspondence Truth Theory.

List and Describe one characteristic of scientific investigation.

List and Describe one characteristic of personal experience.

"Every time Deb has played the guitar, which was every day this past week, she's gotten better. So, she'll probably continue to get better (assuming she continues to play every day) " This is a case of

If you provide evidence that is inconsistent with the evidence offered for a claim, you have offered

Which theory of truth says that a statement is true for an individual as long as he/she believes it to be True?

Which theory of truth says that a statement is true when it describes the way the world actually is?

Which theory of truth says that a statement is true when it fits with other statements we believe to be true?

What two things should we consider when determining the acceptability of a claim?

When the conditions under which X is false can be demonstrated, X is

Describe one concern with the Coherence Truth Theory.