Question 1

Though there are subtle differences from language to language, the data indicate that a new sixth factor, honesty/humility, generalizes across seven languages.

Accepted Answer

This statement indicates that the data support the existence of a sixth factor, honesty/humility, that is consistent across seven languages.

Question 2

The five-factor model clearly is useful in distinguishing among the various forms of psychopathology.

Accepted Answer

The five-factor model, while useful for understanding personality, does not specifically distinguish among various forms of psychopathology. It is a model of personality, not a diagnostic tool for mental disorders.

Question 3

Discuss the grounds for support of the Big Five model of individual differences, including evidence that the trait terms relate to people's everyday behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the grounds for support of the...

Question 4

The trait of conscientiousness is linked to health and longevity.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that individuals who score high in conscientiousness tend to have better health habits, such as regular exercise and healthy eating, and are more likely to seek medical attention when needed, leading to better overall health and longevity.

Question 5

Discuss the person-situation controversy in terms of the issue, the evidence, and the conclusions you would make about the consistency versus variability of behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the person-situation controversy in terms of...

Question 6

Findings across seven languages indicate that honesty/humility is a reliable factor, in addition to the other factors of the Big Five.

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that honesty/humility is a reliable factor in addition to the other factors of the Big Five personality traits in seven different languages.

Question 7

Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to longitudinal consistency in personality.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the longitudinal consistency in personality. While genetic factors contribute to a stable baseline level of personality traits, environmental factors such as life events and experiences can shape and reinforce these traits over time.

Question 8

The five-factor model offers a specific model for psychological treatment.

Accepted Answer

The five-factor model is a model of personality traits and does not directly offer a specific model for psychological treatment. However, some therapists may use the five-factor model as a framework for understanding their clients' personality traits and tailoring their treatment approach accordingly.

Question 9

Discuss the strengths and limitations of the trait approach as both a) a description of individual differences, and b) an explanatory model of human personality functioning.

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Since all studies find the identical five factors, we can assume the basic units of personality have been discovered.

Accepted Answer

While many studies support the Five Factor Model of personality (Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism), there is ongoing debate and research in psychology suggesting that personality may be more complex, and these five factors may not encompass all aspects of personality.

Question 11

Critics of trait theory question the evidence of cross-situational consistency even more than that of longitudinal consistency.

Accepted Answer

Critics of trait theory are more skeptical of the evidence for cross-situational consistency (consistency of behavior across different situations) than for longitudinal consistency (consistency of behavior over time). This is because behavior can be influenced by various situational factors, and therefore, it may not be reliable to assume that a person's behavior will be consistent across different situations.

Quiz 8: Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach