Question 1

A famous research study in which researcher attempted to discover how people respond to the social pressure to obey authority is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A famous research study in which researcher...

Question 2

____________ is an ethical principle that people should never participate in research unless they explicitly and freely agree to participate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________ is an ethical principle that people...

Question 3

A statement, usually written, that explains aspects of a study to participants and asks for their voluntary agreement to participate before the study begins is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A statement, usually written, that explains aspects...

Question 4

The role a field researcher adopts where he or she does not disclose to the research subjects the purpose or objective of the study is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The role a field researcher adopts where...

Question 5

The role a field researcher adopts where he or she completely disguises his or her true identity and research purposes is called _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The role a field researcher adopts where...

Question 6

The role a field researcher adopts where he or she reveals research is being conducted but is vague about its details is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The role a field researcher adopts where...

Question 7

When the researcher fully reveals his or her purpose and asks permission it is called ______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the researcher fully reveals his or...

Question 8

The term _________ means the ethical protection that participants remain nameless; their identity is protected from disclosure and remains unknown.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term _________ means the ethical protection...

Question 9

While studying gang members, Scott Decker saw nine of his ninety-nine gang members killed.

Accepted Answer

The statement given in the question is true, Scott Decker saw nine of his ninety-nine gang members killed.

Question 10

There has been almost zero research atrocities conducted during the 20th century.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. There were numerous research atrocities conducted during the 20th century, including the Tuskegee syphilis experiments, the Nazi medical experiments during World War II, and the use of prisoners and vulnerable populations in various unethical research studies.

Question 11

From the 1940s up until the early 1970s, over ninety percent of all new pharmaceutical products were tested on prison inmates.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. From the 1940s to the early 1970s, prisons were used as a source of test subjects for new pharmaceutical products. It was only after several ethical and legal challenges that this practice was limited and eventually abolished.

Question 12

In Stanley Milgram's Experiment the "teachers" rarely shocked the "students" with the higher votes.

Accepted Answer

In Milgram's Experiment, the "teachers" often shocked the "students" with the maximum voltage, even if the "students" expressed extreme pain or stopped responding altogether. So, the correct answer is False.

Question 13

A researcher who covertly observes and records illegal behavior and then supplies information to law enforcement authorities, violates ethical standards regarding research participants and undermines future research.

Accepted Answer

Covert observation and recording of illegal behavior violates the ethical principles of informed consent, confidentiality, and protection from harm. The researcher's actions also undermine trust and cooperation with potential research participants and jeopardize the integrity of future research. It is important for researchers to prioritize ethical conduct and avoid engaging in any unethical or illegal activities.

Question 14

In the Zimbardo Prison Experiment the subjects did not have informed consent.

Accepted Answer

The subjects in the Zimbardo Prison Experiment did give informed consent; however, they were not fully informed about all the conditions they would face, such as the intense and abusive behavior from the guards.

Question 15

In the "Tuskegee Study" the subjects did not have informed consent.

Accepted Answer

The subjects in the Tuskegee Study were not informed of the true nature of the study, nor were they given the option to refuse to participate. They were kept in the dark about the fact that they had syphilis, and were not given appropriate treatment, leading to serious health consequences. This is a violation of informed consent, which requires that individuals be fully informed about a study and have the ability to freely choose whether or not to participate.

Question 16

Researchers invade a person's privacy when they probe into beliefs, backgrounds, and behaviors in a way that reveals intimate private details.

Accepted Answer

When researchers probe into beliefs, backgrounds, and behaviors in a way that reveals intimate private details, they are violating a person's right to privacy. This can happen even if the research is conducted with good intentions and the data is kept confidential. It is important for researchers to obtain informed consent from participants and to minimize any potential harm or breaches of privacy.

Question 17

Asking "do the potential benefits of the research outweigh the potential costs to research participants" refers to the scientific balance.

Accepted Answer

This question refers to the ethical principle of beneficence, which involves weighing the potential benefits of research against the potential risks or costs to participants, not to the scientific balance.

Question 18

The Institutional Review Board is responsible for examining research proposals that only contain human subjects in order to protect the liability of the researcher?

Accepted Answer

The Institutional Review Board (IRB) is responsible for reviewing research proposals that involve human subjects to ensure the ethical treatment and protection of the rights and welfare of the participants, not just to protect the liability of the researcher.

Question 19

List and explain the fifteen general ethical research principles in the text.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and explain the fifteen general ethical...

Question 20

Compare and contrast the ethical issues associated with the Zimbardo Prison Experiment, Stanley Milgram's study, and the tea-room trade of Laud Humphreys.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the ethical issues associated...

Quiz 4: The Ethics of Crime and Justice Research

A famous research study in which researcher attempted to discover how people respond to the social pressure to obey authority is called _____________.

____________ is an ethical principle that people should never participate in research unless they explicitly and freely agree to participate.

A statement, usually written, that explains aspects of a study to participants and asks for their voluntary agreement to participate before the study begins is called ________.

The role a field researcher adopts where he or she does not disclose to the research subjects the purpose or objective of the study is called __________.

The role a field researcher adopts where he or she completely disguises his or her true identity and research purposes is called _________.

The role a field researcher adopts where he or she reveals research is being conducted but is vague about its details is called __________.

When the researcher fully reveals his or her purpose and asks permission it is called ______________.

The term _________ means the ethical protection that participants remain nameless; their identity is protected from disclosure and remains unknown.

While studying gang members, Scott Decker saw nine of his ninety-nine gang members killed.

There has been almost zero research atrocities conducted during the 20th century.

From the 1940s up until the early 1970s, over ninety percent of all new pharmaceutical products were tested on prison inmates.

In Stanley Milgram's Experiment the "teachers" rarely shocked the "students" with the higher votes.

A researcher who covertly observes and records illegal behavior and then supplies information to law enforcement authorities, violates ethical standards regarding research participants and undermines future research.

In the Zimbardo Prison Experiment the subjects did not have informed consent.

In the "Tuskegee Study" the subjects did not have informed consent.

Researchers invade a person's privacy when they probe into beliefs, backgrounds, and behaviors in a way that reveals intimate private details.

Asking "do the potential benefits of the research outweigh the potential costs to research participants" refers to the scientific balance.

The Institutional Review Board is responsible for examining research proposals that only contain human subjects in order to protect the liability of the researcher?

List and explain the fifteen general ethical research principles in the text.

Compare and contrast the ethical issues associated with the Zimbardo Prison Experiment, Stanley Milgram's study, and the tea-room trade of Laud Humphreys.