Question 1

In CIDR, conventional network class distinctions do not exist.

Accepted Answer

CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) ranges do not follow the conventional network class distinctions (Class A, Class B, Class C, etc.) and instead use variable length subnet masks (VLSM) to divide the IP address space into smaller subnets.

Question 2

SMTP operates from port ____.
A) 25
B) 11
C) 110
D) 250

Accepted Answer

SMTP operates on port 25, which is used for sending email messages between servers.

Question 3

The MIME standard replaces SMTP.

Accepted Answer

The MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) standard is a way of encoding email messages with multimedia attachments, but it does not replace SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), which is still used to send and receive email messages. MIME works in conjunction with SMTP, allowing email messages to include attachments such as images, audio, and video files.

Question 4

Because the octets equal to 0 and 255 are ____, only the numbers 1 through 254 can be used for host information in an IPv4 address.
A) unobtainable
B) out-of-range
C) reserved
D) open for general use

Accepted Answer

The octets equal to 0 and 255 are reserved in an IPv4 address. This means that they cannot be used for general host information and are only used for specific purposes like network address, broadcast address, etc. Therefore, only the numbers 1 through 254 can be used for host information, making options A, B, and D incorrect.

Question 5

The most popular mail server programs are Sendmail and ____.
A) Eudora
B) Microsoft Outlook
C) AOL mail
D) Microsoft Exchange Server

Accepted Answer

Sendmail and Microsoft Exchange Server are the two most popular mail server programs. Eudora and Microsoft Outlook are email clients, not servers, and AOL Mail is a web-based email service.

Question 6

The gateways that make up the Internet backbone are called ____ gateways.
A) proxy
B) core
C) Internet
D) default

Accepted Answer

The gateways that make up the Internet backbone are called core gateways. These gateways provide high-speed connectivity and routing capabilities to connect various parts of the internet. Proxy gateways are used to intercept and filter traffic, Internet gateways connect local networks to the internet, and default gateways are used as a last resort for routing traffic when no other gateway is available.

Question 7

In classful addressing, Class C IPv4 address host information is located in the ____.
A) last 8 bits
B) last 16 bits
C) first 8 bits
D) first 16 bits

Accepted Answer

In classful addressing, Class C IPv4 address has the first 24 bits reserved for network information and the last 8 bits reserved for host information. Therefore, the correct answer is A, which refers to the last 8 bits being used for the host information.

Question 8

In ____ addressing, the network information portion of an IPv4 address is limited to the first 8 bits in a Class A address.
A) classful
B) subnet
C) stateful
D) limited

Accepted Answer

In a classful addressing, the IP address space is divided into five classes: A, B, C, D, and E. In a Class A address, the network information is limited to the first 8 bits, allowing for up to 126 networks (2^8 - 2), each with up to 16,777,214 hosts. This limits the number of hosts on a single network, but provides for a large number of networks. Subnetting allows for more efficient use of the available IP address space, as it enables the network portion of the IP address to be further divided into multiple smaller subnetworks. Stateful and limited are not relevant terms in this context.

Question 9

An example of a popular client email software is ____.
A) MIME
B) Microsoft Outlook
C) Sendmail
D) Microsoft Exchange Server

Accepted Answer

Microsoft Outlook is a popular client email software widely used by individuals and organizations for managing email, tasks, contacts, and calendar. MIME is not an email client but is a protocol for encoding and decoding multimedia attachments. Sendmail and Microsoft Exchange Server are email servers used for routing and delivering emails across different networks.

Question 10

Within a classful addressing, ____ is the default subnet mask for a Class C address.
A) 255.255.255.255
B) 255.255.255.0
C) 255.255.0.0
D) 255.0.0.0

Accepted Answer

Within classful addressing, Class C addresses have a default subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. This allows for up to 254 hosts on a network (with the first and last addresses reserved for network and broadcast addresses, respectively). Options A, C, and D are incorrect because they represent subnet masks for Class A and Class B addresses, not Class C.

Question 11

The result from ANDing 11001111 with 10010001 is ____.
A) 11001111
B) 10010001
C) 10000001
D) 00000001

Accepted Answer

- When ANDing two bits, the result is 1 only if both bits are 1. Otherwise, the result is 0.
- Applying this rule to each pair of corresponding bits in 11001111 and 10010001, we get:
  - 1 AND 1 = 1
  - 1 AND 0 = 0
  - 0 AND 0 = 0
  - 0 AND 1 = 0
  - 1 AND 0 = 0
  - 0 AND 0 = 0
  - 1 AND 0 = 0
  - 0 AND 1 = 0
- Therefore, the result of ANDing 11001111 with 10010001 is 10000001, which is choice C.

Question 12

The ____ gateway is the gateway that first interprets its outbound requests to other subnets, and then interprets its inbound requests from other subnets.
A) proxy
B) core
C) Internet
D) default

Accepted Answer

The default gateway is responsible for forwarding traffic from a network to other networks. It is the first gateway that interprets outbound requests and the last gateway that interprets inbound requests, making it the best choice for this question. A proxy gateway, on the other hand, acts as an intermediary between clients and servers for security and performance purposes. A core gateway refers to the central point of a network that connects different segments or subnets. The Internet gateway connects a local network to the global Internet.

Question 13

IMAP4 servers require less storage space and usually more processing resources than POP servers do.

Accepted Answer

IMAP4 servers typically require more storage space because they store all emails on the server until the user explicitly deletes them, whereas POP servers often download emails to the client and may delete them from the server, thus requiring less storage.

Question 14

POP3's design makes it best suited to users who retrieve their mail from the same workstation all the time.

Accepted Answer

POP3 is a protocol designed to access and retrieve emails from a mail server. It does not provide synchronization between different devices or workstations, therefore making it best suited for users who consistently access their email from the same workstation.

Question 15

When using classful IPv4 addressing, a network ID always ends with an octet of ____.
A) 0
B) 00000000
C) 1
D) 255

Accepted Answer

A network ID always ends with an octet of 0 in classful IPv4 addressing.

Question 16

Within a classful addressing subnet mask, the ____ bits indicate that corresponding bits in an IPv4 address contain network information.
A) 0
B) 1
C) first eight
D) last eight

Accepted Answer

In a subnet mask, the bits set to 1 indicate the portion of the IP address that contains network information. The 0 bits indicate the host portion.

Question 17

On a network using TCP/IP, some nodes may use multiple IP addresses.

Accepted Answer

It is possible for nodes on a TCP/IP network to use multiple IP addresses, either through multiple network interfaces or through the use of virtual IP addresses. This can be useful for load balancing, redundancy, or other network configuration needs.

Question 18

A class ____ network class is reserved for special purposes.
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Accepted Answer

Class D networks are reserved for multicast addressing. They are used for sending data to multiple recipients at once. These addresses range from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

Question 19

In classful addressing, the Class B IPv4 address network ID is located in the ____.
A) last 8 bits
B) last 16 bits
C) first 8 bits
D) first 16 bits

Accepted Answer

In classful addressing, the Class B IPv4 address network ID is located in the first 16 bits of the address, while the last 16 bits are used for host addresses. This means that the first two octets (or 16 bits) identify the network address, while the remaining two octets (or 16 bits) identify the host address within that network.

Question 20

CIDR notation takes the form of the network ID followed by a(n) ____, followed by the number of bits that are used for the extended network prefix.
A) dash ( - )
B) underscore ( _ )
C) backward slash ( \ )
D) forward slash ( / )

Accepted Answer

CIDR notation is used to represent IP addresses and subnets. The network ID is followed by a forward slash (/) and the number of bits used for the extended network prefix. The prefix length determines the number of subnets and hosts available in the network. Therefore, the correct choice is D.

Quiz 9: In-Depth TCP/IP Networking

In CIDR, conventional network class distinctions do not exist.

SMTP operates from port ____.

The MIME standard replaces SMTP.

Because the octets equal to 0 and 255 are ____, only the numbers 1 through 254 can be used for host information in an IPv4 address.

The most popular mail server programs are Sendmail and ____.

The gateways that make up the Internet backbone are called ____ gateways.

In classful addressing, Class C IPv4 address host information is located in the ____.

In ____ addressing, the network information portion of an IPv4 address is limited to the first 8 bits in a Class A address.

An example of a popular client email software is ____.

Within a classful addressing, ____ is the default subnet mask for a Class C address.

The result from ANDing 11001111 with 10010001 is ____.

The ____ gateway is the gateway that first interprets its outbound requests to other subnets, and then interprets its inbound requests from other subnets.

IMAP4 servers require less storage space and usually more processing resources than POP servers do.

POP3's design makes it best suited to users who retrieve their mail from the same workstation all the time.

When using classful IPv4 addressing, a network ID always ends with an octet of ____.

Within a classful addressing subnet mask, the ____ bits indicate that corresponding bits in an IPv4 address contain network information.

On a network using TCP/IP, some nodes may use multiple IP addresses.

A class ____ network class is reserved for special purposes.

In classful addressing, the Class B IPv4 address network ID is located in the ____.

CIDR notation takes the form of the network ID followed by a(n) ____, followed by the number of bits that are used for the extended network prefix.