Question 1

A training method to help people get control over involuntary bodily function is ______.

Accepted Answer

Biofeedback is a training method that uses electronic devices to help people learn how to control involuntary bodily functions, such as heart rate or blood pressure. Through feedback from monitoring devices, individuals can become aware of and learn to control these bodily functions. Systematic desensitization and reciprocal inhibition are techniques used in behavior therapy to treat anxiety disorders, and biocontrol training is not a recognized term in psychology.

Question 2

The field of psychosomatic medicine explores health-related connections between which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The field of psychosomatic medicine specifically explores the connections between the mind and the body, including psychological factors that can influence physical health outcomes.

Question 3

Julia suffers from migraine headaches. Her pain is usually experienced ______.

Accepted Answer

Migraine headaches are often felt behind one eye or on one side of the head. Options A and C are not typical durations for a migraine attack, and option D describes a type of headache called a tension headache, which is different from a migraine.

Question 4

The treatment of choice for ulcers is currently ______.

Accepted Answer

The current treatment of choice for ulcers is antibiotics, specifically those that target H. pylori bacteria. This is because research has shown that the majority of ulcers are caused by this bacteria, and treating it can lead to complete ulcer healing and prevention of recurrence. While stress management and improved diet may be helpful in managing symptoms and promoting overall health, they are not considered primary treatments for ulcers. Behavior therapy is also not a primary treatment for ulcers.

Question 5

About two out of three migraine sufferers are___________.

Accepted Answer

Women between 15 and 55 years of age are the most common demographic for migraine sufferers.

Question 6

Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in the cause of migraine headaches?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in regulating pain in the brain. It has been found that people who suffer from migraines have decreased levels of serotonin during an attack, leading to the theory that a drop in serotonin levels may trigger a migraine headache. Medications that increase serotonin levels, such as triptans, are often used to treat migraines.

Question 7

A cluster of warning signs preceding migraine headache, consisting of flashing lights, bizarre images, or blind spots, is known as a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

The cluster of warning signs preceding migraine headache is known as an aura, consisting of flashing lights, bizarre images, or blind spots. The term prelude is not commonly used in this context. The term project is not applicable to describe the warning signs. The term halo refers to a circle of light around a person's head, which is not related to migraine headaches.

Question 8

It is currently believed that ulcers are caused mainly by ______.

Accepted Answer

The best current understanding is that most ulcers are caused by a bacterium, specifically Helicobacter pylori. Stress, diet, and chronic anger may contribute to ulcer development but are not the primary cause.

Question 9

Which of the following have been effective in the treatment of tension headaches?

Accepted Answer

Aspirin is a commonly used pain reliever and has been shown to be effective in relieving tension headaches. Fish oil and vitamin C have not been shown to be effective specifically for tension headaches, and St. John's Wort is primarily used for treating mild to moderate depression, not headaches.

Question 10

Which of the following is considered a likely cause of migraines?

Accepted Answer

Migraines are believed to be caused by an underlying central nervous system disorder, such as a problem with the way the brainstem interacts with the trigeminal nerve, which is responsible for sensation in the face and head. While diet and visual acuity may play a role in triggering migraines, they are not considered the primary cause. Falling levels of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter, is not commonly associated with migraines.

Question 11

The most frequent kind of headache is the ______ headache.

Accepted Answer

Tension headaches are the most common type of headache, accounting for up to 90% of all headaches.

Question 12

It has been found that the ______ bacterium is cause of the majority of peptic ulcers.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacterium is responsible for causing peptic ulcers in the majority of cases. E. coli and strep may cause other types of infections, while moberin is not a known bacterium.

Question 13

Sean has a headache. It developed gradually throughout the day. He feels like a tight steel band is wrapped around his forehead resulting in a dull steady pain on both sides of his head.
His headache is best most likely a ______ headache.

Accepted Answer

The description of a dull, steady pain on both sides of the head, with the sensation of a tight band around the forehead, is characteristic of a tension headache. Cluster headaches typically involve severe pain localized to one side of the head, while sinus headaches often involve pressure or pain in the face and sinus areas.

Question 14

Scott has debilitating headaches which last several hours daily. They are preceded by his sense of flashing lights, and he experiences the pain on one side of his head. Scott
Probably has ______ headaches.

Accepted Answer

Scott is exhibiting symptoms of a migraine headache, including the presence of flashing lights and pain on one side of the head. Tension, sinus, and stress headaches do not typically involve these symptoms.

Question 15

MSG, menstruation, and changes in barometric pressure can trigger ______.

Accepted Answer

Changes in barometric pressure and hormonal changes during menstruation can trigger migraine headaches. MSG may also be a trigger for some individuals. Ulcers are typically caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and asthma attacks are typically triggered by allergens, exercise, or respiratory infections. While an increase in adrenaline can be a trigger for some individuals with migraine headaches, it is not specifically linked to MSG or changes in barometric pressure.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true of migraines?

Accepted Answer

Migraines can occur daily for some individuals, although this is less common than episodic migraines. Options A, B, and C are all false statements about migraines.

Question 17

Drugs that ______ blood vessels in the ______ are used to treat migraine headaches.

Accepted Answer

Drugs used to treat migraine headaches often work by constricting dilated blood vessels in the brain, which can help alleviate the headache.

Question 18

Although migraines can affect people of both genders and of all ages, about _______________ cases occur in women between 15 and 55 years of age.

Accepted Answer

Migraines are more prevalent in women, particularly between the ages of 15 and 55, due to hormonal factors. Approximately two out of three migraine cases occur in women within this age range.

Question 19

Ulcers have historically been viewed as being psychosomatic illness. However, recent research indicates that __________, not stress or diet is the major cause of peptic ulcers.

Accepted Answer

Recent research has shown that the bacterium Helicobacter pylori is the major cause of peptic ulcers, not stress or diet. This discovery has led to the development of more effective treatments, such as antibiotics, to combat the infection.

Question 20

About ______ million Americans suffer from migraine headaches.

Accepted Answer

According to the Migraine Research Foundation, approximately 30 million Americans suffer from migraine headaches.

Quiz 6: Dissociative Disorders, Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders, and Psychological Factors Affecting Physical Health