Question 1

The speedup of technological progress led to a chain of revolutionary changes that have profoundly transformed our societies.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. The faster pace of technological progress has prompted significant changes in almost all areas of our lives, including communication, work, transportation, entertainment, healthcare, education, and more. These changes have had both positive and negative impacts on society, and they continue to shape our daily experiences and our futures.

Question 2

Social change occurs through scientific discoveries, technological inventions, and new achievements in the arts.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 3

An innovation can take the form of a discovery or of an invention.

Accepted Answer

A discovery is a new finding or insight, while an invention is a new creation or product. Both can be considered innovations.

Question 4

Technology refers to machine production and the factory system in modern industrial societies.

Accepted Answer

Technology encompasses a broad range of tools, techniques, and processes used in the production of goods and services, not limited to machine production and the factory system in modern industrial societies.

Question 5

The factory system became the basis of industrialism when it was discovered that specialization and division of labor were especially efficient ways of organizing production.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. The factory system, which involved bringing together large numbers of workers to perform specialized tasks in a centralized location, greatly increased the efficiency of production and helped to fuel the growth of industrialism.

Question 6

Stability and change are equally characteristic of individuals, societies, and cultures.

Accepted Answer

Both stability and change occur in individuals, societies, and cultures. There are certain elements and traditions that remain consistent within a society or culture, but there are also changes in beliefs, values, and practices over time. Similarly, individuals may have certain traits and tendencies that remain stable throughout their lives, but they may also undergo personal growth and change in response to experiences and circumstances.

Question 7

The Industrial Revolution began as a result of a violent upheaval in the American colonies.

Accepted Answer

The Industrial Revolution is generally considered to have started in Britain in the late 18th century and spread to other parts of Europe and North America. While there were various political and social upheavals that occurred during this time period, the Industrial Revolution itself was primarily driven by technological advancements in manufacturing and transportation.

Question 8

People changed their belief that slavery was an acceptable institution. This constituted social change.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People changed their belief that slavery was...

Question 9

In a revolution, cultural traits are spread from one society to another, or from one group in society to another.

Accepted Answer

A revolution typically refers to a significant change or transformation in political power or organizational structures, often involving conflict or upheaval, rather than the spread of cultural traits between societies or groups. Cultural diffusion is the term used to describe the spread of cultural traits.

Question 10

Random events and acts of individuals have no impact on social change in societies.

Accepted Answer

Random events and acts of individuals can often spark social change in societies. Examples include the Montgomery bus boycott and the Stonewall riots. However, sustained and organized efforts by groups of people are often necessary for long-term and significant social change to occur.

Question 11

Computer-driven technologies are reversing the previous industrial system of production because they make it possible to produce small runs of customized goods and services aimed at specific markets.

Accepted Answer

Computer-driven technologies such as 3D printing and digital manufacturing enable the production of small, customized runs of goods and services. This allows companies to cater to specific markets and individual customer needs, reversing the previous model of mass production for a general audience.

Question 12

Iran is an example of a society in which the clash of modernization with traditional values produced great instability and conflict.

Accepted Answer

Iran experienced significant conflict and instability during the 20th century as modernization clashed with traditional values, particularly during the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi and the Iranian Revolution of 1979. The revolution specifically represented a rejection of the Shah's efforts to modernize and Westernize Iran, as it was led by religious traditionalists and anti-Western nationalists.

Question 13

Social scientists are now convinced that modernization works for all societies.

Accepted Answer

While modernization has brought significant benefits to many societies, there is still much debate among social scientists about whether it works for all societies. Some argue that it can lead to cultural homogenization, the marginalization of certain groups, and environmental degradation, and that different societies may require different paths to achieve development and prosperity.

Question 14

Mass publics have changed the outward appearance of the country in that highways and freeways, shopping malls and amusement parks, golf courses and stadiums are now pervasive.

Accepted Answer

Mass publics have contributed to the widespread construction of highways, shopping malls, amusement parks, golf courses, and stadiums, which have changed the physical landscape of many countries.

Question 15

Collective behavior is relatively unpatterned and unstructured.

Accepted Answer

Collective behavior refers to actions taken by a group of people that are not guided by the same norms that govern their usual conduct, making it less predictable and more spontaneous.

Question 16

.Social movements are much more likely to emerge during periods of rapid social change.

Accepted Answer

During periods of rapid social change, existing institutions and norms are being challenged, creating a more fertile ground for the emergence of social movements that seek to address the new issues and power dynamics that arise.

Question 17

A crowd is a collection of people who respond to a common stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A crowd is defined as a group of people who have gathered together in response to a common stimulus, such as an event, a performance, a protest, or a disaster. They may share a common interest, emotion, or goal, and may exhibit certain collective behaviors and attitudes, such as cheering, chanting, clapping, or marching. Therefore, a crowd is not just a random collection of individuals, but a social phenomenon that reflects the interaction and interdependence of its members.

Question 18

The readers of Time Magazine constitute a public.

Accepted Answer

A public refers to a group of people who share a common interest or concern, and Time Magazine readers can be considered a public as they share an interest in current events and news.

Question 19

Reform social movements represent an attempt to remove the old social order and forcefully substitute it with a new one.

Accepted Answer

Reform social movements aim to make gradual improvements or changes within the existing social order, rather than replacing it entirely.

Question 20

Public opinion has meaning especially in a mass society.

Accepted Answer

Public opinion plays a significant role in shaping the actions and decisions of those in power in a mass society. It can also influence the behavior and attitudes of individuals within the society. Therefore, public opinion holds a great deal of meaning in a mass society.

Quiz 10: From the Plow to the Computer Change, Collective Behavior, and Social Movements