Question 1

The best treatment for phobias is considered to be:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The best treatment for phobias is considered...

Question 2

Spinning a client around in a chair to induce hyperventilation might be effective in promoting behavioral extinction in:

Accepted Answer

Spinning a client around in a chair to induce hyperventilation is a technique used in exposure therapy for panic disorder. By inducing hyperventilation, the therapist is deliberately provoking a panic attack. Through repeated exposure to the sensations and thoughts associated with panic, the client's fear and avoidance of panic attacks can be reduced, leading to behavioral extinction. This technique would not be effective for obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia, or severe depression.

Question 3

Kim has obsessive-compulsive disorder,which is focused on behaviors related to cleaning and checking.If she takes an antidepressant such as Prozac,her _____,an effect also found with depressed patients.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kim has obsessive-compulsive disorder,which is focused on...

Question 4

Dr.Arjuna has several patients who suffer from anxiety symptoms,and he is interested in finding a treatment or combination of treatments that will be effective in the long-term and have the fewest side effects.Dr.Arjuna should prescribe:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy has been shown to be effective in treating anxiety symptoms in the long-term and has minimal side effects compared to medication. The combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy and medication may be effective in some cases, but it is generally recommended to try therapy alone first. Tranquilizers are not recommended for long-term use due to their potential for dependence and addiction. Antidepressants may be helpful for some individuals, but they also have potential side effects and may take time to be effective. Therefore, cognitive-behavioral therapy is the best choice for Dr. Arjuna's patients with anxiety symptoms.

Question 5

Don has a cleanliness obsession that revolves around a fear of dirt,germs,and other unclean things.His compulsion involves hand washing.If he believes he has touched something unclean,he will wash his hands until they are raw.In treatment for his disorder,Don is asked to touch all the doorknobs in his therapist's office building and is then told he cannot wash his hands.He and the therapist then sit together while Don tries to relax and overcome his feelings of extreme discomfort.This treatment:

Accepted Answer

This treatment is based on the principles of exposure therapy and aims to extinguish Don's conditioned response to unclean objects. By exposing him repeatedly to the feared stimuli (i.e. doorknobs), but preventing him from engaging in the compulsive behavior (i.e. hand washing), he can learn that his fear is unfounded and gradually reduce his anxiety levels. This approach has been proven to be effective in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 6

The best approach for treating anxiety disorders is:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been found to be the most effective approach for treating anxiety disorders. CBT focuses on identifying and changing negative thought and behavioral patterns that contribute to anxiety. It also involves exposure therapy, which gradually exposes the individual to feared situations in a safe and controlled environment to help them overcome their anxiety. While psychoanalytic therapy may address underlying psychological issues, it is not as effective for treating anxiety disorders. The use of psychoactive drugs can be helpful in reducing symptoms but should be combined with therapy for long-term management. Deep brain stimulation is a more invasive and experimental treatment option that is not typically used as a first-line approach for anxiety disorders.

Question 7

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is best treated through the use of:

Accepted Answer

Exposure with response prevention is the most effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder according to research. This involves gradually exposing the person to situations that trigger their obsessions and preventing them from carrying out their usual compulsions. This helps them learn to tolerate their anxiety and reduces the frequency and intensity of their compulsions. While systematic desensitization may be useful in the treatment of some anxiety disorders, it is not as effective as exposure with response prevention for OCD. Lithium is a medication used to treat bipolar disorder, but it is not typically used to treat OCD. Therefore, option B is the best choice as it aligns with the most effective treatment for OCD.

Question 8

Torrence is engaged in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)to treat his social phobia.Based on the research findings discussed in your textbook,which component of CBT would be effective in treating Torrence's social phobia?

Accepted Answer

Social skills training is a component of CBT that has been found to be effective in treating social phobia. It involves teaching specific skills such as conversation skills, assertiveness, and problem-solving strategies to help individuals overcome social anxiety and improve their ability to interact with others. Long-term psychoanalysis, electroconvulsive therapy, and antidepressant medication are not typically used as primary treatments for social phobia in CBT.

Question 9

Persons diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder frequently perform the same act over and over again.The best explanation for this is that the act:

Accepted Answer

Persons diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder perform repeated acts in order to relieve or reduce anxiety.

Question 10

One of the important differences between drugs and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)in the treatment of anxiety disorders is that:

Accepted Answer

One of the most important differences between drugs and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in the treatment of anxiety disorders is that CBT has longer-lasting effects than drug treatment. While drugs can provide short-term relief, they often lose their effectiveness over time or may cause unpleasant side effects. In contrast, the skills and techniques learned in CBT can be applied over the long-term, enabling individuals to better manage their anxiety symptoms and prevent relapse. Additionally, CBT is often more cost-effective than drug treatment, as it typically requires fewer sessions and does not involve ongoing medication costs.

Question 11

In comparing cognitive-behavioral therapy and the drug imipramine for treating panic disorder,Barlow found that:

Accepted Answer

Barlow found that cognitive-behavioral therapy worked better over the long term for treating panic disorder.

Question 12

Lee-Joon is in a research study in which researchers compare brain changes in people receiving different types of treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder.Lee-Joon recently completed cognitive-behavioral therapy and now will have his brain scanned.Compared to the brains of people receiving other kinds of therapy,Lee-Joon's brain will show:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to produce similar changes in brain function as drug therapy, particularly in areas related to OCD.

Question 13

Across a number of anxiety disorders,drug therapy:

Accepted Answer

Drug therapy can provide relief in the short term, but it is not a permanent solution and can result in a relapse when the drug is discontinued. It is important to combine drug therapy with other forms of treatment such as therapy and lifestyle changes.

Question 14

In a study in which treatment with the drug clomipramine was compared with exposure and ritual prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder,it was found that:

Accepted Answer

The study found that exposure and response prevention was more effective than treatment with the drug clomipramine for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 15

An evidence-based approach to psychological treatment would lead one to favor _____ for a wide variety of psychological disorders.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has accumulated the most empirical support as an evidence-based approach to treating a wide variety of psychological disorders, including anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorders. CBT focuses on changing negative or maladaptive thoughts, behaviors, and emotions through structured, goal-oriented interventions. It is often time-limited and can be delivered in individual or group settings. Long-term psychoanalysis and scream therapy lack empirical support, and deep brain stimulation is a relatively new and experimental treatment that is reserved for severe cases that have not responded to other treatments.

Question 16

A friend reports that he is constructing a fear hierarchy regarding his fear of heights for use in his next therapy session.He is suffering from:

Accepted Answer

The construction of a fear hierarchy is a common technique used in exposure therapy, which is a treatment for phobias. Therefore, it is likely that the friend is suffering from a phobia.

Question 17

One of the most effective treatments for panic disorder is _____ because it helps people _____.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy is one of the most effective treatments for panic disorder because it helps people correct their overestimation of the danger involved in a panic attack. This type of therapy focuses on changing the thoughts and beliefs that contribute to the onset and maintenance of panic attacks. By helping individuals to identify and challenge their negative thought patterns, cognitive therapy can reduce the intensity and frequency of panic attacks.

Question 18

Panic disorder is best treated by:

Accepted Answer

Panic disorder is characterized by sudden and unexpected panic attacks, which can be very distressing for the individual. One of the most effective treatments for panic disorder is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which involves helping clients to more realistically assess the danger of panic attacks and to develop coping strategies to manage their symptoms. This can include techniques such as relaxation exercises, cognitive restructuring, and exposure therapy. Neuroleptic drugs are not typically used to treat panic disorder, and self-disclosure or insight therapy may be helpful for some individuals but are not considered the first-line treatment.

Question 19

Karine completed a behavioral treatment for her spider phobia.From what you know about behavioral treatment for phobias,which was the most effective part of the treatment?

Accepted Answer

The most effective part of behavioral treatment for phobias is exposure therapy. This involves gradually exposing the person to the feared object or situation in a controlled setting until they are desensitized to it. Creating a fear hierarchy and undergoing relaxation training can be helpful in preparing for exposure therapy, but the exposure itself is what helps reduce anxiety and fear. Induced hyperventilation is not typically used in the treatment of phobias.

Question 20

Trisha has experienced symptoms of panic disorder,such as spontaneous racing heart and sweating palms,but does not experience a fear of danger or a feeling of impending doom.Which of the following therapies are likely to be most effective in preventing another panic attack?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective for panic disorder as it helps individuals understand and change their thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to their symptoms.

Quiz 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders