Question 1

Dagmar and Bjorg have gone down the most demanding ski trail at the resort.Back at the lodge,they suddenly find that their attraction for each other has increased greatly.This effect is most likely due to:

Accepted Answer

Excitation transfer theory suggests that physiological arousal from one source can amplify the intensity of a subsequent emotional experience. In this case, the physical and mental excitement from skiing down the demanding trail may have transferred to the attraction between Dagmar and Bjorg.

Question 2

The _____ is/are the facial feature that best expresses emotion on its own; the _____ is/are the facial feature that best expresses emotion as part of the whole face.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the eyes are the facial feature that best expresses emotion on their own, while the mouth is the part of the face that best expresses emotion as part of the whole face. Therefore, the correct options are C (eyes; mouth).

Question 3

Japanese students were shown film clips designed to provoke strong emotions.When a student watched the clip with other people,she showed little outward emotion.When the student watched the clips alone,she showed the same emotions as are seen in American college students.The difference in emotional expression in the two situations shows the influence of:

Accepted Answer

Cultural display rules refer to the societal norms that dictate the appropriate forms of emotional expression. The behavior of the Japanese student in the two situations suggests that she was conforming to the rules of emotional expression in her culture when in the presence of others but was able to express her emotions more freely when alone.

Question 4

Bethany's boyfriend has just broken up with her.At first,she is heartbroken,thinking she has lost the perfect man.As the weeks go by,she realizes that she had never acknowledged the negative aspects of the relationship.Eventually,she comes to see the breakup as an opportunity rather than a disaster.Bethany is engaging in _____,which research suggests will _____.

Accepted Answer

Bethany is engaging in reappraisal, which involves reinterpreting a situation in a more positive way. Research suggests that reappraisal can change neural processing of emotion, leading to more adaptive and positive emotional responses. This aligns with Bethany's shift in perspective from seeing the breakup as a disaster to an opportunity. The other options, rumination and changes in physiological arousal, do not accurately reflect Bethany's behavior or the potential effects of reappraisal.

Question 5

Ever since his girlfriend broke up with him,Marcus has been going over the breakup in his mind."Why did she leave? How could I have stopped her? We had such wonderful times.I miss her so much." Marcus is coping with his feelings through:

Accepted Answer

Marcus is engaging in rumination, which involves repeatedly thinking about a negative experience or emotion, without taking any action to address it or improve the situation. This can lead to prolonged distress and negative outcomes for mental health.

Question 6

Research on thought suppression has shown that trying to suppress negative thoughts can lead to:

Accepted Answer

Thought suppression can lead to a rebound effect, which is the tendency for the suppressed thought to resurface even stronger. This is due to the fact that actively trying to push away negative thoughts can actually make them more prominent in our minds. Misattribution, humor, and distraction are all possible coping mechanisms for dealing with negative thoughts, but they are not necessarily a direct result of thought suppression.

Question 7

Sydney has been asked about her life satisfaction.To answer the question,she reflects on how she feels right now,and right now she is in a positive mood.According to the affect-as-information theory,Sydney will most likely respond that:

Accepted Answer

The affect-as-information theory suggests that people trust their current mood as information about their overall life satisfaction. Since Sydney is currently in a positive mood, she is likely to respond that she is generally happy with her life.

Question 8

The universal aspect of emotions is the _____ which they are expressed; the culture-specific aspect of emotions is the _____ which they are expressed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The universal aspect of emotions is the...

Question 9

Jeremiah is very attracted to Annie,but he cannot even get her attention.All Annie can think about is her old boyfriend,and she thinks about him all of the time.This situation exemplifies one of the major problems with _____; it _____.

Accepted Answer

The situation of Annie thinking about her old boyfriend all the time exemplifies the problem of rumination, which is the tendency to continuously think about negative experiences or emotions. This impedes focusing on solutions, such as potentially noticing Jeremiah's interest in her, and instead intensifies the feeling of loss or longing for the past relationship. Thought suppression, as mentioned in options A and B, refers to actively trying to push thoughts or emotions out of one's mind, and while it can also be problematic, it is not the most relevant issue in this situation.

Question 10

When people view a face that is displaying an emotion,which part is most important in determining how the viewers perceive the emotion?

Accepted Answer

The eyes are the most important in determining how viewers perceive the emotion being displayed on a face. They provide the most information about a person's emotional state and are often referred to as the "window to the soul." Research has shown that people are better able to recognize emotions from the eyes alone than from other parts of the face.

Question 11

LaVonne is majoring in engineering,but she dislikes all of her engineering classes and loves all of her government classes.One day,when LaVonne is reading political science to avoid reading engineering,she decides to change her major and become a lawyer.LaVonne's decision reflects which quality of emotions?

Accepted Answer

LaVonne's decision to change her major reflects the quality of emotions providing information about significant personal goals, as she is making a decision based on her passion and interest in government and law, rather than continuing to pursue a field she dislikes.

Question 12

In recent years,people all across the country have formed laughter groups,in which a small number of people get together on a regular basis to laugh.They do not generate their laughter by watching funny movies or telling jokes.Instead,they simply laugh deliberately for some period of time.Even though the laughter is occurring without humor,people in these groups enjoy improved mental and physical health.The primary reason for these results is that:

Accepted Answer

Laughter has been shown to have physiological effects similar to exercise, such as increased heart rate and oxygen consumption. These effects can lead to improved mental and physical health. The act of laughing can also serve as a cue to positive affect, but this is not the primary reason for the health benefits of laughter groups.

Question 13

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)is characterized by attempts to avoid thinking about a seriously traumatic event,accompanied by flashbacks to and nightmares about that event.PTSD would seem to involve the emotional coping strategy of:

Accepted Answer

PTSD involves thought suppression as individuals attempt to avoid thinking about the traumatic event, which is a key characteristic of this emotional coping strategy.

Question 14

The strongest cross-cultural congruence in the identification of emotions seems to involve _____,and the weakest seems to involve _____.

Accepted Answer

Happiness is universally recognized across cultures, while fear and disgust have more variability in recognition.

Question 15

Imagine you will be going to Zambia on a field trip.The research on facial expressions and emotion would suggest you should:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine you will be going to Zambia...

Question 16

When Suellen learns that her roommate will be an international student from Britain,she is worried that her roommate will be stiff and reserved.She is very surprised,but pleased,when Diana turns out to be bouncy and emotional.Suellen is surprised because Diana's behavior violates:

Accepted Answer

Suellen's surprise is due to Diana's behavior not aligning with the cultural display rules she expected from a British person, which are often stereotyped as being reserved and stiff.

Question 17

Cross-cultural research on emotions conveyed by facial expressions shows that:

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural research has found evidence supporting the universality of certain facial expressions, such as happiness, sadness, fear, anger, and surprise, across different cultures and ethnic groups. This supports the idea that there may be a biological basis for these emotions and their associated facial expressions. However, there may be cultural variations in how these expressions are interpreted and displayed in different social contexts.

Question 18

Cynthia's psychology professor was talking today about how hard it would be not to think about purple unicorns.Though Cynthia has never once before thought about a purple unicorn,she finds that she cannot stop thinking about them now.Cynthia is experiencing _____ as a result of her attempts at _____.

Accepted Answer

The term "rebound effect" refers to the phenomenon of increased occurrence of a thought or behavior after an attempt to suppress it. In this scenario, Cynthia's attempt to not think about purple unicorns has resulted in her thinking about them more, indicating the rebound effect. The term "thought suppression" refers to the deliberate attempt to stop thinking about a particular thought or topic, which is what Cynthia is trying to do. Therefore, choice B, the rebound effect; thought suppression, is the correct answer.

Question 19

A major aspect of depression is persistently negative cognitive attributions about the self,life,and the future.Depression would seem to involve the emotional coping strategy of:

Accepted Answer

Rumination involves persistently focusing on negative thoughts and feelings, which is a common emotional coping strategy in depression.

Question 20

Blake is waiting to hear whether he has been accepted to medical school.He is so anxious that he is having trouble working.To cope with the situation,he tries to keep himself from thinking about medical school or the admissions process.By engaging in this _____,Blake is likely to _____.

Accepted Answer

Thought suppression often leads to the opposite effect, causing the suppressed thought to become more prominent.

Quiz 10: Emotion and Motivation

Dagmar and Bjorg have gone down the most demanding ski trail at the resort.Back at the lodge,they suddenly find that their attraction for each other has increased greatly.This effect is most likely due to:

The _ is/are the facial feature that best expresses emotion on its own; the _ is/are the facial feature that best expresses emotion as part of the whole face.

Ever since his girlfriend broke up with him,Marcus has been going over the breakup in his mind."Why did she leave? How could I have stopped her? We had such wonderful times.I miss her so much." Marcus is coping with his feelings through:

Research on thought suppression has shown that trying to suppress negative thoughts can lead to:

Sydney has been asked about her life satisfaction.To answer the question,she reflects on how she feels right now,and right now she is in a positive mood.According to the affect-as-information theory,Sydney will most likely respond that:

The universal aspect of emotions is the _ which they are expressed; the culture-specific aspect of emotions is the _ which they are expressed.

Jeremiah is very attracted to Annie,but he cannot even get her attention.All Annie can think about is her old boyfriend,and she thinks about him all of the time.This situation exemplifies one of the major problems with _; it _.

When people view a face that is displaying an emotion,which part is most important in determining how the viewers perceive the emotion?

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by attempts to avoid thinking about a seriously traumatic event,accompanied by flashbacks to and nightmares about that event.PTSD would seem to involve the emotional coping strategy of:

The strongest cross-cultural congruence in the identification of emotions seems to involve _,and the weakest seems to involve _.

Imagine you will be going to Zambia on a field trip.The research on facial expressions and emotion would suggest you should:

When Suellen learns that her roommate will be an international student from Britain,she is worried that her roommate will be stiff and reserved.She is very surprised,but pleased,when Diana turns out to be bouncy and emotional.Suellen is surprised because Diana's behavior violates:

Cross-cultural research on emotions conveyed by facial expressions shows that:

Cynthia's psychology professor was talking today about how hard it would be not to think about purple unicorns.Though Cynthia has never once before thought about a purple unicorn,she finds that she cannot stop thinking about them now.Cynthia is experiencing _ as a result of her attempts at _.

A major aspect of depression is persistently negative cognitive attributions about the self,life,and the future.Depression would seem to involve the emotional coping strategy of:

Blake is waiting to hear whether he has been accepted to medical school.He is so anxious that he is having trouble working.To cope with the situation,he tries to keep himself from thinking about medical school or the admissions process.By engaging in this _,Blake is likely to _.