Question 1

After cautiously walking home and arriving safely from her late-night class,Selma notices her heart rate slows,as does her breathing.This automatic return to a normal state is due to the activity of the:
A) somatic nervous system
B) sympathetic system
C) parasympathetic system
D) endocrine system

Accepted Answer

The parasympathetic system is responsible for restoring the body to a normal, resting state after a period of heightened arousal or activity. In this case, Selma's parasympathetic system would be responsible for slowing her heart rate and breathing back down to normal levels after the potential stress and anxiety of walking home alone at night.

Question 2

A young child is referred to Dr.Marco's psychology practice following a severe accident.The child had vision prior to the accident,but because of a blow to the head,she can no longer see.Her eyes are still fully functional.Based on this information,Dr.Marco determines that the brain area most likely damaged in the accident is the:
A) frontal lobe
B) parietal lobe
C) temporal lobe
D) occipital lobe

Accepted Answer

The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information. Since the child can no longer see despite fully functional eyes, it can be inferred that the damage is in the occipital lobe.

Question 3

The body is made ready for defensive action by the _____ division of the autonomic nervous system.
A) somatic nervous system
B) sympathetic nervous system
C) parasympathetic nervous system
D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for preparing the body for defensive action, commonly referred to as the "fight or flight" response. It increases heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate, and releases adrenaline into the bloodstream, all of which help the body to react quickly to perceived threats.

Question 4

Pleasurable and desirable experiences activate dopamine neurons in which structure of the basal ganglia?
A) thalamus
B) hippocampus
C) amygdala
D) nucleus accumbens

Accepted Answer

The nucleus accumbens is part of the basal ganglia and is known to be involved in reward and pleasure processing. Activation of dopamine neurons in this structure is associated with pleasurable and desirable experiences.

Question 5

You and a classmate engage in a debate over what part of the brain makes humans highly intelligent.Your friend correctly argues that the frontal lobe is important.However,being a fine psychology student,you point out that it is not the _____ but the _____ that makes the frontal lobe critical.
A) size; complexity and organization
B) complexity and organization; size
C) myelination; number of neurons
D) number of neurons; myelination

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe's critical role in human intelligence is due to its complexity and organization, not merely its size.

Question 6

As Beatriz works outside in her yard,she works up a pretty good sweat.This is due in part to the functioning of her:
A) somatic nervous system
B) autonomic nervous system
C) central nervous system
D) endocrine system

Accepted Answer

The autonomic nervous system regulates the body's involuntary functions, including sweat production in response to physical activity or hot temperatures.

Question 7

Auditory information is received in which lobe of the cerebral cortex?
A) occipital
B) parietal
C) temporal
D) frontal

Accepted Answer

Auditory information is primarily processed in the temporal lobe, specifically in the auditory cortex.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cerebral cortex?
A) It has a wrinkled appearance.
B) It is the largest part of the human brain.
C) The corpus callosum provides connections between the two hemispheres.
D) Damage to this area typically results in death.

Accepted Answer

Damage to the cerebral cortex does not typically result in death. While damage to this area can have serious consequences, such as motor and sensory deficits, language impairments, and changes in personality or behavior, it is not typically fatal.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT correct?
A) The frontal lobe plays a significant role in thinking and movement.
B) The occipital lobe plays a significant role in vision.
C) The parietal lobe plays a significant role in touch.
D) The temporal lobe plays a significant role in the integration of movement and sight.

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe plays a significant role in processing auditory information and memory, not the integration of movement and sight.

Question 10

Walking to his car late at night,Otto became extra vigilant and his body was on alert for danger.These responses were due to the actions of the:
A) somatic nervous system
B) sympathetic system
C) central nervous system
D) endocrine system

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic system is responsible for the body's fight or flight response, which includes increased vigilance and responses to potential danger.

Question 11

As Andre came into the room in which his introductory psychology exam would take place,he noticed that his heart rate had increased due to his _____.As he settled into the test and was able to correctly answer the questions,he calmed down.This response was due to the _____.
A) endorphins; peripheral nervous system
B) sympathetic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system
C) central nervous system; peripheral nervous system
D) endocrine system; autonomic nervous system

Accepted Answer

The increase in heart rate was due to activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which prepares the body for a perceived threat or stressor. As Andre correctly answered the questions, his parasympathetic nervous system was activated, which slows down bodily processes and promotes relaxation.

Question 12

Early in the twentieth century,Dr.Walter Freeman treated mental patients by performing:
A) a hemispherectomy
B) a basal ganglia ablation
C) a lobotomy
D) germline therapy

Accepted Answer

Dr. Walter Freeman performed lobotomies, also known as prefrontal lobotomies, on mental patients in the early twentieth century. This involved severing connections in the prefrontal cortex of the brain in an attempt to treat various psychiatric disorders. However, this procedure had serious and often permanent side effects and has since been largely abandoned in modern medicine.

Question 13

Brad has experienced a relatively severe left hemisphere stroke.As a result,he is unable to move his right arm and has a great deal of difficulty with planning and with maintaining attention.The location of his stroke is most likely the:
A) frontal lobe
B) parietal lobe
C) temporal lobe
D) occipital lobe

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe is responsible for motor function, planning, and attention, which aligns with Brad's symptoms of right arm immobility and difficulty with planning and attention.

Question 14

Joaquim has experienced a relatively severe left hemisphere stroke.As a result,he has been diagnosed with an inability to identify faces and understand what is spoken to him.The location of his stroke is most likely within the:
A) frontal lobe
B) parietal lobe
C) temporal lobe
D) occipital lobe

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is responsible for processing auditory information and plays a crucial role in face recognition. A stroke in this area can result in the inability to understand spoken language (also known as receptive aphasia) and difficulty recognizing faces (also known as prosopagnosia).

Question 15

Jonas has experienced a relatively severe right hemisphere stroke.As a result,he has been diagnosed with hemineglect.That is,he is unable to notice anything on the left side of his body.The location of the stroke is most likely within the:
A) frontal lobe
B) parietal lobe
C) temporal lobe
D) occipital lobe

Accepted Answer

Hemineglect is typically associated with damage to the right parietal lobe. This area of the brain is responsible for processing attention and spatial awareness, which are disrupted in hemineglect.

Question 16

Which of the following structures is NOT considered a part of the cerebral cortex?
A) occipital lobes
B) parietal lobes
C) temporal lobes
D) brain stem

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is a thin layer of neural tissue covering the surface of the cerebrum. The brain stem, located below the cerebrum, is not a part of the cerebral cortex.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT part of the temporal lobe?
A) primary auditory cortex
B) fusiform face area
C) Wernicke's area
D) nucleus accumbens

Accepted Answer

The nucleus accumbens is actually part of the basal ganglia and is involved in reward processing and motivation, whereas the other options are all part of the temporal lobe.

Question 18

The complexity and organization of which brain area in humans is believed to be responsible for what distinguishes humans from other animals?
A) thalamus
B) hippocampus
C) cerebral cortex
D) prefrontal cortex

Accepted Answer

The prefrontal cortex is responsible for higher-order cognitive functions such as planning, decision-making, and working memory. These functions are believed to be what distinguishes humans from other animals.

Question 19

Nasim is driving on a snow-covered road,and her car begins to slide.The quick behavioral response and the increased heart rate and respiration she experiences are most likely due to the _____ nervous system; the feeling of relief and decrease in heart rate and respiration once she has the car under control again are most likely due to the _____ nervous system.
A) parasympathetic; sympathetic
B) sympathetic; parasympathetic
C) autonomic; somatic
D) somatic; autonomic

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which includes increased heart rate, respiration, and other physiological changes in response to a perceived threat or danger (such as a sliding car on a snowy road). Once the threat is over and Nasim regains control of the car, the parasympathetic nervous system takes over and leads to a feeling of relief, relaxation, and decreased heart rate and respiration.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of the somatic nervous system?
A) feeling sad
B) feeling pins and needles when your arm falls asleep
C) feeling where your foot is as you step
D) feeling the right position on the baseball as you are ready to throw it

Accepted Answer

Feeling sad is an emotional response and is not controlled by the somatic nervous system. The somatic nervous system is responsible for conscious sensation and voluntary movements of the body.

Quiz 3: Biology and Behavior

After cautiously walking home and arriving safely from her late-night class,Selma notices her heart rate slows,as does her breathing.This automatic return to a normal state is due to the activity of the:

The body is made ready for defensive action by the _____ division of the autonomic nervous system.

Pleasurable and desirable experiences activate dopamine neurons in which structure of the basal ganglia?

You and a classmate engage in a debate over what part of the brain makes humans highly intelligent.Your friend correctly argues that the frontal lobe is important.However,being a fine psychology student,you point out that it is not the _ but the _ that makes the frontal lobe critical.

As Beatriz works outside in her yard,she works up a pretty good sweat.This is due in part to the functioning of her:

Auditory information is received in which lobe of the cerebral cortex?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cerebral cortex?

Which of the following is NOT correct?

Walking to his car late at night,Otto became extra vigilant and his body was on alert for danger.These responses were due to the actions of the:

As Andre came into the room in which his introductory psychology exam would take place,he noticed that his heart rate had increased due to his _.As he settled into the test and was able to correctly answer the questions,he calmed down.This response was due to the _.

Early in the twentieth century,Dr.Walter Freeman treated mental patients by performing:

Brad has experienced a relatively severe left hemisphere stroke.As a result,he is unable to move his right arm and has a great deal of difficulty with planning and with maintaining attention.The location of his stroke is most likely the:

Joaquim has experienced a relatively severe left hemisphere stroke.As a result,he has been diagnosed with an inability to identify faces and understand what is spoken to him.The location of his stroke is most likely within the:

Jonas has experienced a relatively severe right hemisphere stroke.As a result,he has been diagnosed with hemineglect.That is,he is unable to notice anything on the left side of his body.The location of the stroke is most likely within the:

Which of the following structures is NOT considered a part of the cerebral cortex?

Which of the following is NOT part of the temporal lobe?

The complexity and organization of which brain area in humans is believed to be responsible for what distinguishes humans from other animals?

Which of the following is NOT a function of the somatic nervous system?