Question 1

What are some differences and similarities between deviance and crime? What is the "rough division of labor" between what sociologists of deviance and what positivistic criminologists study?

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Question 2

What is the positivist criminologist's "mission"? What is the social constructionist's "mission"? How do they overlap?

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Question 3

Even primal crimes such as rape, robbery, and murder are "relative"? If they are universally condemned, in what way are they "relative"? Does this generalization mean that there is no "common core" to what's considered crime?

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Question 4

Under what circumstances is the taking of human life socially tolerated, accepted, or non-deviant? Why? When is a killing conceptualized and dealt with as a murder or a deviant killing? What the social circumstances that transform the first into the second?

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Question 5

What makes robbery so interesting to criminologists? What qualities or characteristics does it possess that are to some degree unique and distinctive to itself?

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Question 6

The taboo against murder is said to be a cultural universal, the one act that is universally deviant everywhere and throughout history. Does this mean that it is not "relative"? Be detailed and specific.

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Question 7

In the 1970s, many feminists argued that "rape isn't about sex, it's about violence." But by the 1990s, many feminists began to argue that rape is often about sex as well as about violence. Why this change in orientation?

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Question 8

While murder tends to be intraracial--whites tend to kill one another and African Americans tend to kill one another--the same is not quite true of sex or gender. Explain why this is the case. What factors influence racial patterns in criminal homicide? What factors influence sexual or gender patterns in criminal homicide?

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Quiz 5: Crime and Criminalization Criminal Behavior