Question 1

In 2005, the American Psychological Association called for an end to "Indian mascots" because they have been shown to harm the mental health of Native American children.

Accepted Answer

The American Psychological Association issued a resolution in 2005 calling for the immediate retirement of American Indian mascots, symbols, images, and personalities by schools, colleges, universities, athletic teams, and organizations due to the harmful effects on the social identity development and self-esteem of American Indian young people.

Question 2

Racist mascotization undercuts the ability of American Indian Nations to depict truthful and respectful images of their culture and spirituality.

Accepted Answer

Racist mascotization perpetuates stereotypes and oversimplified images, which can hinder the efforts of American Indian Nations to present accurate and dignified representations of their culture and spirituality.

Question 3

The white-crafted model-minority stereotype has reportedly been rejected by most Asian American youth, especially those growing up in predominantly white suburbs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The white-crafted model-minority stereotype has reportedly been...

Question 4

Probably because it superficially appears to be positive, some Asian American youth have come to think of themselves and their group in terms of model-minority imagery.

Accepted Answer

The model-minority stereotype, which portrays Asian Americans as a successful, hardworking group that has achieved a higher level of success than other minority groups, can lead some Asian American youth to internalize this imagery as part of their identity, despite the stereotype's oversimplification and potential negative consequences.

Question 5

Research studies indicate that few Asian Americans and Latinos feel pressure to adjust or abandon their national identities and cultural backgrounds in order to be white-conforming.

Accepted Answer

Research studies have shown that many Asian Americans and Latinos feel pressure to adjust or abandon their national identities and cultural backgrounds to conform to white or mainstream American cultural norms. This phenomenon, often referred to as "cultural assimilation" or "acculturation stress," highlights the challenges faced by individuals from minority ethnic groups in navigating and reconciling their cultural identities within a predominantly white society.

Question 6

Denial of racial bias is a common response to anti-Latino racism for many Latinos, especially those who are lighter skinned and in the middle or upper classes.

Accepted Answer

Many Latinos, particularly those who are lighter-skinned and belong to middle or upper socioeconomic classes, often deny racial bias as a coping or defense mechanism, partly due to internalized racism and the complex racial dynamics within Latino communities.

Question 7

Attempted conformity to Anglo-whiteness is an uncommon response to anti-Latino racism for many Latinos, especially those who are in the middle or upper classes.

Accepted Answer

Many Latinos, especially those in the middle or upper classes, may attempt to conform to Anglo-whiteness as a strategy to navigate or mitigate experiences of anti-Latino racism, seeking to align themselves with the dominant cultural norms to gain social acceptance or economic advantage.

Question 8

Groups like the National Council of La Raza have brought together a diverse group of Latinos to work on issues such as increasing positive representations of Latinos in the media and developing political coalitions.

Accepted Answer

The National Council of La Raza, now known as UnidosUS, has historically worked to bring together diverse groups of Latinos to address various issues, including improving the representation of Latinos in the media and building political coalitions to advocate for Latino rights and interests.

Question 9

The counter-framing efforts of Americans of color have been shown to have little, if any, impact on children of color.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that counter-framing efforts by Americans of color can significantly impact the self-perception, resilience, and identity development of children of color, helping them navigate and resist negative stereotypes and societal biases.

Question 10

Positioning one's own nonwhite group closer to whites, infrequently involves the articulation of strongly anti-black views or participation in anti-black discrimination.

Accepted Answer

Positioning one's own nonwhite group closer to whites often involves the articulation of strongly anti-black views or participation in anti-black discrimination, as a way to distance themselves from Blackness and align more closely with whiteness and its associated privileges.

Question 11

Some Latinos have actively tried to reposition their group in the racial spectrum so that they are closer to the side of white privilege and whiteness than to the side of color and minority-group status.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon, often referred to as "racial shifting" or "whitening," involves some Latinos emphasizing their European heritage and downplaying their indigenous or African ancestry in order to gain the social and economic benefits associated with whiteness in a racially stratified society.

Question 12

The white-racist system intentionally fosters racial stereotyping and hostility between groups of color.

Accepted Answer

The white-racist system, as described in critical race theory and other analyses of systemic racism, is understood to perpetuate and foster racial stereotyping and hostility among different racial and ethnic groups. This is often seen as a strategy to maintain the status quo of white dominance by dividing and conquering minority groups, preventing them from uniting against the systemic inequalities.

Question 13

In a large survey of Latino and Asian Americans, large percentages disagreed with strong racial stereotypes of African Americans.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a large survey of Latino and...

Question 14

In a large survey of Latino and Asian Americans, a majority of both groups chose whites as the group they were most comfortable with.

Accepted Answer

The question states that "a majority of both groups chose whites as the group they were most comfortable with." This means that more than half of both Latino and Asian Americans chose whites as the group they were most comfortable with.

Question 15

African Americans seem to be generally less realistic about the racialized character of the proverbial "American dream," and more likely than other Americans of color to accept the conventional rhetoric of the white racial frame in this regard.

Accepted Answer

African Americans, due to their historical and ongoing experiences with systemic racism and discrimination, are often more aware of the racialized nature of the "American dream" and more critical of the conventional rhetoric that ignores or minimizes racial inequalities.

Question 16

In one survey, substantial majorities of Latino respondents thought that the proverbial American dream was not available to their group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In one survey, substantial majorities of Latino...

Question 17

In one survey, substantial majorities of Asian American respondents thought that the proverbial American dream was available to their group.

Accepted Answer

Surveys and studies have shown that many Asian Americans believe in the attainability of the American Dream for their community, often citing success in education, employment, and upward social mobility as indicators of its accessibility.

Question 18

Numerous researchers have noted the ways in which oppression becomes internalized when Americans of color adopt negative racially or ethnically framed views about their own group.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon, known as internalized racism or internalized oppression, occurs when individuals from marginalized groups come to accept and live out the inaccurate myths and stereotypes that society perpetuates about their group. Researchers in social psychology, sociology, and ethnic studies have documented and analyzed how these internalized negative beliefs can affect the self-esteem, aspirations, and behavior of individuals within these communities.

Question 19

Some analysts have argued that social science researchers, government agencies, and the media give too little attention to the racial histories and discriminatory situations of groups such as Latino, Asian, and Native Americans and too much attention to the racial history and current situation of African Americans. According to Joe Feagin and Kimberley Ducey, is this accurate? Drawing on Chapter 8, argue against the analysts' contention that too much attention is given to the racial history and current situation of African Americans.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some analysts have argued that social science...

Question 20

Illustrate how anti-black oppression, for centuries, has penetrated every major area of U.S. society and thus shaped the lives of Americans of all racial backgrounds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Illustrate how anti-black oppression, for centuries, has...

Quiz 8: Systemic Racism: Other Americans of Color