Question 1

The problem-solving strategy in which operations are used to reduce the distance between the problem solver's current state and the nearest possible subgoal or goal is called

Accepted Answer

Means-end analysis is a problem-solving strategy that involves breaking down the problem into smaller parts (subgoals) and then reducing the difference between the current state and the goal or subgoal by applying operations. This strategy is often used in cognitive psychology to describe how people tackle complex problems.

Question 2

The problem-solving strategy in which operations are planned that move from the goal to the present or initial state is called

Accepted Answer

Working backward is a problem-solving strategy where the solver starts with the goal and works in reverse order to reach the initial state. This approach is particularly useful in situations where the end goal is clear, but the steps to reach it are not immediately obvious.

Question 3

Gaby received a delicious cake from her neighbor, who will not share the recipe. Gaby decides to eat a piece of the cake and carefully write down everything she tastes, in the hopes she will be able to discover the recipe. Gaby is using

Accepted Answer

Gaby is using the working backward strategy by starting with the final product (the cake) and trying to deduce the ingredients and process used to make it.

Question 4

The problem-solving strategy in which the problem is considered as an example of a larger class of problems is called

Accepted Answer

Generalization involves considering a specific problem as an instance of a broader class of problems, which can help in finding a more general solution that applies to all problems in that class.

Question 5

The problem-solving strategy in which the problem is considered as a special case drawn from a larger set of problems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The problem-solving strategy in which the problem...

Question 6

Continually selecting a point that is halfway between the present state and the goal as a systematic means for "guessing" at the solution is called

Accepted Answer

The split-half method involves continually selecting a point that is halfway between the current position and the goal, which is a systematic approach for approximating a solution. This method is often used in problem-solving and search algorithms to efficiently narrow down the search space or find an approximate solution.

Question 7

The __________ problem-solving strategy is usually contrasted with the __________ strategy.

Accepted Answer

Random search is a problem-solving strategy that involves trying different solutions randomly until one is found that works. Trial-and-error is a similar strategy that involves trying different solutions one at a time until one is found that works.

Question 8

A problem-solving strategy in which all solution paths from initial to goal states are systematically searched is called

Accepted Answer

The answer of A problem-solving strategy in which all solution...

Question 9

The principles that underlie some problems are called

Accepted Answer

Rules are the principles that underlie some problems, providing a framework or set of guidelines to follow in order to solve them.

Question 10

Roger is applying to graduate schools. The applications are complicated and it takes a lot of work to complete them. As he is finishing them up, he hears from his friend Sue that there are example personal statements available online. Roger decides to re-write his statement. Sue's information can be described as a/an

Accepted Answer

Sue's information acts as a hint for Roger, suggesting a way to improve his application by rewriting his personal statement based on examples found online.

Question 11

The main goal of brainstorming is

Accepted Answer

The main goal of brainstorming is to produce a large number of possible solutions to a problem, encouraging creativity and free thinking.

Question 12

Liz needs to choose an office space. Liz needs the space to be small (because she can't afford the larger spaces), but she needs to have lots of storage space at the same time. Liz's dilemma is an example of a problem

Accepted Answer

Liz's dilemma is a contradiction because she needs a small space but also requires lots of storage, which are opposing needs.

Question 13

Sue is a B student who is applying to college. State College is affordable; she is on a tight budget and will work part-time. State College is close to her parents' house and she can easily find a job. Ivy College is far away and expensive; scholarships are unlikely. She would have to live on-campus at Suburbia University, which has midrange costs. Ivy is prestigious; Suburbia has great faculty. Define the anatomical parts of Sue's problem; which choice is best?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sue is a B student who is...

Quiz 9: Development of Problem Solving Skills