Question 1

Which of the following is not a way structured data are collected?
A) Chronology record
B) Archival record
C) Mail record
D) Contact record

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

For structured observation, the researcher's ability to generate a probability sample is curtailed.

Accepted Answer

Structured observation often involves controlled settings and specific criteria, which can limit the ability to randomly select participants, thus affecting the generation of a probability sample.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a type of sampling in structured observation?
A) Ad hominem sampling
B) Ad libitum sampling
C) Focal sampling
D) Behavioural sampling

Accepted Answer

Ad hominem sampling is not a type of sampling in structured observation. It is a logical fallacy that occurs when someone attacks the person making an argument rather than the argument itself.

Question 4

___________ is the degree to which to or more observers of the same behaviour agree in terms of their coding of that behaviour on the observation schedule.
A) Inter-observer consistency
B) Inter-observer reliability

Accepted Answer

Inter-observer consistency is the degree to which two or more observers of the same behavior agree in terms of their coding of that behavior on the observation schedule.

Question 5

Cohen's Kappa measures the divergence over the coding of items between two people.

Accepted Answer

Cohen's Kappa measures the agreement between two raters who each classify items into mutually exclusive categories, not divergence.

Question 6

Measurement validity relates to how well the measure corresponds to all aspects of social science.

Accepted Answer

Measurement validity refers to how well a measure accurately represents the specific concept it is intended to assess, not all aspects of social science.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a criticism of structured observation?
A) There is a risk it's inappropriate or irrelevant to the setting being observed.
B) It is rarely able to get at the intentions behind the behaviour
C) It is grossly unethical to those observed
D) It tends to generate lots of bits of data

Accepted Answer

Structured observation is not inherently unethical; ethical concerns depend on how the observation is conducted, such as obtaining consent and ensuring privacy.

Question 8

Newspapers are an appropriate publication on which to conduct content analysis.

Accepted Answer

Newspapers are suitable for content analysis as they provide a rich source of textual data that can be systematically examined to identify patterns, themes, and biases.

Question 9

Content analysis is most closely associated with a qualitative research strategy

Accepted Answer

The answer of Content analysis is most closely associated with...

Question 10

Semiotics is concerned with the study and science of signs, an approach to the analysis of documents and other phenomena that emphasizes the importance of seeking out the deeper meaning of those data.

Accepted Answer

Semiotics is the study of signs and symbols and their use or interpretation, focusing on how meaning is constructed and understood.

Question 11

It is not necessary to have a research question at the beginning of a content analytical study.

Accepted Answer

A research question is essential at the beginning of a content analytical study as it guides the focus, methodology, and analysis of the study.

Question 12

Which of the following would be sampled in a content analytical study? Please select all that apply.
A) Media
B) Commentators
C) Experts
D) Dates

Accepted Answer

Content analytical studies involve the analysis of written or visual materials, such as media content and dates.

Question 13

Which of the following would not be counted in a content analytical study?
A) Significant actors
B) Images
C) Subjects and themes
D) Historical dates

Accepted Answer

Historical dates are not typically analyzed in content analysis, which focuses on themes, subjects, actors, and images within the content.

Question 14

Outline two advantages of content analysis. Please select all that apply.
A) It is easier than discourse analysis
B) It is a transparent method
C) It is a flexible method
D) It is objective and therefore not as partial to researcher bias

Accepted Answer

The answer of Outline two advantages of content analysis. Please...

Question 15

Outline two disadvantages of content analysis. Please select all that apply.
A) It is only as good as the documents on which it is conducted
B) It is sometimes regarded as being over-theoretical
C) It's excellent at "why" questions but not so good at "what" questions
D) It is impossible to devise coding manuals that do not entail some interpretation on the part of the coders

Accepted Answer

Content analysis relies heavily on the quality and relevance of the documents analyzed, and coding manuals often require subjective interpretation by coders, which can introduce bias.

Quiz 13: Quantitative Research Using Naturally Occurring Data

Which of the following is not a way structured data are collected?

For structured observation, the researcher's ability to generate a probability sample is curtailed.

Which of the following is not a type of sampling in structured observation?

___________ is the degree to which to or more observers of the same behaviour agree in terms of their coding of that behaviour on the observation schedule.

Cohen's Kappa measures the divergence over the coding of items between two people.

Measurement validity relates to how well the measure corresponds to all aspects of social science.

Which of the following is not a criticism of structured observation?

Newspapers are an appropriate publication on which to conduct content analysis.

Content analysis is most closely associated with a qualitative research strategy

Semiotics is concerned with the study and science of signs, an approach to the analysis of documents and other phenomena that emphasizes the importance of seeking out the deeper meaning of those data.

It is not necessary to have a research question at the beginning of a content analytical study.

Which of the following would be sampled in a content analytical study? Please select all that apply.

Which of the following would not be counted in a content analytical study?

Outline two advantages of content analysis. Please select all that apply.

Outline two disadvantages of content analysis. Please select all that apply.