Question 1

Malignancies of the oral cavity and lip caused approximately 177,384 deaths in 2018 (119,693 in men and 57,691 in women).

Accepted Answer

The Global Cancer Observatory reported that in 2018, oral cavity and lip cancers caused approximately 177,384 deaths worldwide, with 119,693 deaths in men and 57,691 in women.

Question 2

Major risk factors for oral cavity cancer include tobacco, alcohol, and certain strains of human papilloma virus.

Accepted Answer

Tobacco and alcohol use are well-established risk factors for oral cavity cancer, and certain strains of human papilloma virus (HPV), particularly HPV-16, are also linked to an increased risk of developing this type of cancer.

Question 3

More than 60% of deaths from oral cavity cancer occur in developed countries.

Accepted Answer

Most deaths from oral cavity cancer occur in developing countries due to factors like limited access to healthcare and higher prevalence of risk factors such as tobacco use.

Question 4

Alcohol abuse and tobacco addiction synergistically increase the risk of developing oral cavity cancer.

Accepted Answer

Both alcohol and tobacco are risk factors for oral cavity cancer, and their combined use significantly increases the risk more than either substance alone.

Question 5

HPV-16 exposure heightens the risk of oral cavity cancer in young women but not in young men.

Accepted Answer

HPV-16 exposure increases the risk of oral cavity cancer in both young women and young men, not just women.

Question 6

Compared to no exposure, chronic exposure to alcohol and tobacco increases the risk of oral cavity cancer by:

Accepted Answer

Chronic exposure to alcohol and tobacco increases the risk of oral cavity cancer by 35-fold compared to no exposure.

Question 7

What strain of human papilloma virus (HPV) has been etiologically linked to the development of oral cavity cancer?

Accepted Answer

HPV 16 is the strain most commonly associated with the development of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers.

Question 8

The Plummer Vinson Syndrome includes all of the following symptoms except:

Accepted Answer

Plummer Vinson Syndrome is characterized by iron deficiency anemia, dysphagia, and atrophy of the oral cavity mucosa, but not melanin pigmentation of the oral cavity mucosa.

Question 9

Which of the following factors markedly increases the risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma of the hard palate?

Accepted Answer

Reverse smoking is a practice where the lit end of a cigarette or cigar is placed inside the mouth, and it is strongly associated with an increased risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma of the hard palate.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a major risk factor for the development of lip cancer?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol abuse is not a major risk factor for lip cancer, whereas tobacco use and UV radiation are significant risk factors.

Question 11

Describe the global burden of oral cavity cancer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the global burden of oral cavity...

Question 12

Discuss the epidemiologic evidence supporting synergism between tobacco and alcohol in promoting the development of oral cavity cancer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the epidemiologic evidence supporting synergism between...

Question 13

Discuss the epidemiologic evidence supporting HPV-16 as a major risk factor for oral cavity cancer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the epidemiologic evidence supporting HPV-16 as...

Question 14

Discuss nutritional deficits that increase the risk of developing oral cavity cancer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss nutritional deficits that increase the risk...

Question 15

Define the terms leukoplakia and erythroplakia and briefly discuss causes of these premalignant conditions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the terms leukoplakia and erythroplakia and...

Quiz 15: Epidemiology of Oral Cavity Cancer