Question 1

Infants usually ___________ their birth weight by 4 to 6 months and ___________ it by 1 year.

Accepted Answer

Infants typically double their birth weight by 4 to 6 months and triple it by 1 year.

Question 2

Infants need a higher energy intake than adults because the ___________ rates of infants and their needs for growth and development are very high.

Accepted Answer

Infants have a high resting metabolic rate due to their rapid growth and development, which requires more energy compared to adults.

Question 3

Dental caries are linked to which of the following actions?

Accepted Answer

Putting infants to bed with bottles filled with milk, juice, or other carbohydrate-rich fluids can lead to dental caries because these fluids provide a food source for bacteria that produce acids, leading to tooth decay.

Question 4

Infant cow's milk allergies should result in switching to which type of formula?

Accepted Answer

Soy-based milk is often recommended for infants with cow's milk allergies as it does not contain cow's milk proteins.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a common barrier to breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

Long maternity leave periods are generally supportive of breastfeeding, as they provide mothers with the time needed to establish and maintain breastfeeding without the pressure of returning to work immediately.

Question 6

Milk production requires about _____ kcal every day for a lactating woman.

Accepted Answer

Milk production requires about 800 kcal every day for a lactating woman.

Question 7

Which of the following provides food, nutrition counseling, and access to health services to low-income women, infants, and children?

Accepted Answer

The Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program specifically provides food, nutrition counseling, and access to health services to low-income women, infants, and children.

Question 8

Which of the following provides vouchers redeemable for fresh fruits and vegetables at farmers' markets? The purpose of this program is to increase the awareness and use of farmers' markets to selected participants in the WIC program in addition to their regular WIC benefits.

Accepted Answer

The WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program specifically provides vouchers for fresh produce at farmers' markets to WIC participants.

Question 9

Inadequate, absent, or delayed prenatal care may cause nutritional deficiencies. The ideal time to start prenatal care is when?

Accepted Answer

Prenatal care ideally begins before conception to ensure the mother is in optimal health and to address any potential issues early on.

Question 10

What is a good first food to offer an infant who is 0 to 4 months old?

Accepted Answer

Breastmilk is the recommended first food for infants 0 to 4 months old, providing essential nutrients and antibodies.

Question 11

Judith is concerned about consuming caffeine during her pregnancy because of its known ability to decrease the availability of all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

Caffeine is known to decrease the availability of calcium, iron, and zinc, but not vitamin E.

Question 12

Kelly is planning on having a baby and decides to visit a dietitian for nutritional counseling. Her dietitian explains the importance of receiving enough folic acid before and after conception, and that _____ of the incidences of neural tube defects could be prevented with a daily intake of 400 micrograms of folic acid per day.

Accepted Answer

A daily intake of 400 micrograms of folic acid can prevent 50 to 70% of neural tube defects, as it is crucial for proper neural tube development in early pregnancy.

Question 13

The nutritional needs for a lactating mother are different from those of a pregnant woman because the average milk secretion per day is:

Accepted Answer

The average milk secretion per day for a lactating mother is typically around 750 to 800 mL, which requires additional nutritional intake compared to pregnancy.

Question 14

During the second and third trimester, a pregnant woman needs an additional _________ kcal per day.

Accepted Answer

During the second and third trimesters, a pregnant woman typically needs an additional 340 to 450 kcal per day to support the growing fetus and changes in her own body.

Question 15

Additional energy intake for lactation is recommended to be ______ kcal per day above prepregnancy levels.

Accepted Answer

The recommended additional energy intake for lactation is approximately 500 kcal per day above prepregnancy levels to support milk production and the nutritional needs of the breastfeeding mother.

Question 16

The production of human breastmilk requires:

Accepted Answer

The production of human breastmilk requires an additional 800 kcal per day to meet the energy demands of lactation.

Question 17

Mary just brought her newborn to the doctor for a checkup. She discovered that her infant was dehydrated. What may have caused her baby's dehydration?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration in infants can be caused by high solute intake, diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and high protein intake, making all the options correct.

Question 18

Dietary assessment during the first trimester should include:

Accepted Answer

A comprehensive dietary assessment during the first trimester should include dietary history, pica practice, lactose intolerance, phenylketonuria, and food allergies and intolerance to ensure a healthy pregnancy.

Question 19

Bethanne is so excited about her decision to become pregnant. What are the preventive measures Bethanne can take to avoid birth defects?

Accepted Answer

Taking folic acid, getting immunizations, and avoiding harmful substances are all preventive measures to reduce the risk of birth defects.

Question 20

Iron supplementation increases the incidence of _______, as well as low fiber and low fluid intake.

Accepted Answer

Iron supplementation can lead to constipation, especially when combined with low fiber and low fluid intake.

Quiz 8: Nutrition During Pregnancy and Infancy

Infants usually _ their birth weight by 4 to 6 months and _ it by 1 year.