Question 1

J. J. Thomson is the scientist who proposed the "plum pudding" model for the atom.

Accepted Answer

J. J. Thomson proposed the "plum pudding" model in 1904, suggesting that atoms are composed of electrons scattered within a "soup" of positive charge.

Question 2

Democritus came up with the theory of continuous matter.

Accepted Answer

Democritus is known for the theory of atomism, which posits that matter is composed of small, indivisible particles called atoms, not continuous matter.

Question 3

The fundamental particle of matter is the ______.
A) proton
B) electron
C) neutron
D) atom
E) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

An atom is considered the fundamental particle of matter as it is the smallest unit that defines the chemical elements and their isotopes.

Question 4

John Dalton found that atoms combine together to form elements.

Accepted Answer

John Dalton proposed that atoms combine to form compounds, not elements. Elements are made of identical atoms.

Question 5

John Dalton found that atoms combine together to form compounds.

Accepted Answer

John Dalton's atomic theory proposed that atoms of different elements can combine in fixed ratios to form compounds, which was a fundamental concept in chemistry.

Question 6

The elemental symbol for sodium is ____.
A) S
B) Se
C) Na
D) K
E) P

Accepted Answer

The elemental symbol for sodium is Na.

Question 7

The elemental symbol for sulfur is ____.
A) S
B) Se
C) Na
D) K
E) P

Accepted Answer

The elemental symbol for sulfur is S.

Question 8

The elemental symbol for phosphorus is ____.
A) S
B) Se
C) Na
D) K
E) P

Accepted Answer

The elemental symbol for phosphorus is "P".

Question 9

The elemental symbol for potassium is ____.
A) S
B) Se
C) Na
D) K
E) P

Accepted Answer

The elemental symbol for potassium is "K," which is derived from the Latin word "kalium."

Question 10

Niels Bohr proposed that electrons occupy well-defined orbits.

Accepted Answer

Niels Bohr's model of the atom, introduced in 1913, suggested that electrons travel in specific, quantized orbits around the nucleus, with each orbit corresponding to a particular energy level.

Question 11

The shell closest to the nucleus is the n = _____ shell.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6
E) 7

Accepted Answer

The shell closest to the nucleus is the n = 1 shell. This is because the n value represents the principal quantum number, which describes the energy level of an electron. The lower the n value, the closer the electron is to the nucleus.

Question 12

The shell that is furthest from the nucleus is the n = _____ shell.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6
E) 7

Accepted Answer

The n = 7 shell is the furthest from the nucleus, as the principal quantum number n indicates the shell's distance from the nucleus, with higher numbers being further away.

Question 13

The second closest shell to the nucleus is the n = _____ shell.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6
E) 7

Accepted Answer

The second closest shell to the nucleus is the n = 2 shell.

Question 14

The n = 4 shell can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.
A) 2
B) 8
C) 18
D) 32
E) 50

Accepted Answer

The n = 4 shell can hold a maximum of 32 electrons, calculated using the formula 2n^2, where n is the principal quantum number. For n = 4, it is 2(4)^2 = 32.

Question 15

The n = 5 shell can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.
A) 2
B) 8
C) 18
D) 32
E) 50

Accepted Answer

The answer of The n = 5 shell can hold...

Question 16

The n = 1 shell can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.
A) 2
B) 8
C) 18
D) 32
E) 50

Accepted Answer

The n = 1 shell, also known as the K shell, can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. This is because the formula for the maximum number of electrons in a shell is 2n^2, where n is the principal quantum number. For n = 1, this gives 2(1)^2 = 2.

Question 17

When an electron is excited from a lower energy state to a higher energy state, that electron must have absorbed energy.

Accepted Answer

When an electron moves to a higher energy state, it must absorb energy to overcome the energy difference between the two states.

Question 18

When an electron is goes from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, that electron must have absorbed energy.

Accepted Answer

When an electron moves from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, it releases energy, often in the form of a photon.

Question 19

Rutherford's model of the atom accounts for the phenomenon known as the emission spectrum.

Accepted Answer

Rutherford's model could not explain the emission spectrum; it was Niels Bohr's model that introduced quantized orbits for electrons, accounting for the emission spectrum.

Question 20

Select the scientist that developed a newer model of the atom based on quantum mechanics.
A) Erwin Schrödinger
B) Max Born
C) Werner Heisenberg
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select the scientist that developed a newer...

Quiz 2: Atoms and Elements

J. J. Thomson is the scientist who proposed the "plum pudding" model for the atom.

Democritus came up with the theory of continuous matter.

The fundamental particle of matter is the ______.

John Dalton found that atoms combine together to form elements.

John Dalton found that atoms combine together to form compounds.

The elemental symbol for sodium is ____.

The elemental symbol for sulfur is ____.

The elemental symbol for phosphorus is ____.

The elemental symbol for potassium is ____.

Niels Bohr proposed that electrons occupy well-defined orbits.

The shell closest to the nucleus is the n = _____ shell.

The shell that is furthest from the nucleus is the n = _____ shell.

The second closest shell to the nucleus is the n = _____ shell.

The n = 4 shell can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.

The n = 5 shell can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.

The n = 1 shell can hold a maximum of ____ electrons.

When an electron is excited from a lower energy state to a higher energy state, that electron must have absorbed energy.

When an electron is goes from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, that electron must have absorbed energy.

Rutherford's model of the atom accounts for the phenomenon known as the emission spectrum.

Select the scientist that developed a newer model of the atom based on quantum mechanics.