Question 1

A teacher gauging the amount of assistance needed to match a learner's needs is using a technique called _______________.

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Question 2

Discuss the concepts of naive physics and biology. Be sure to both describe some of the common elements of thinking children use to differentiate living organism and inanimate objects. Also, describe the role of teleological explanations in this thought process.

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Question 3

Provide an example of how egocentrism, animism, centration, and appearance as reality might affect the actions or thoughts of a child.

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Question 4

Describe the progression of speech sounds in a normally developing child from birth to one year old.

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Question 5

According to the _______________ principle, number names need to be counted in the same order.

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Question 6

Describe how the processes of assimilation and accommodation might come into play during a child's thought process on a visit to a zoo.

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Question 7

Four-year-old Gustav appears to be talking to himself as he is building a tower of blocks. Describe Vygotsky's take on this behavior (e.g., Is this normal behavior? Is this a helpful behavior? Will this behavior go away?).

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Question 8

Describe three limitations of Piaget's theory, according to critics.

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Question 9

Compare and contrast the behaviorist answer, the linguistic answer, the cognitive answer, and the social-interaction answer to the question, "How do children acquire grammar?"

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Question 10

Vygotsky referred to the difference between what a child can do on his or her own and with assistance using the phrase "zone of _______________ development."

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Question 11

You work for a police department in a major city. A brutal crime has just been committed and the only witness is a five-year-old boy. Discuss concerns that you might have over the accuracy of the boy's testimony. Then describe ways that you might use to improve the accuracy of the child's recollection.

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Question 12

When a child applies rules to words that are exceptions, the error is referred to as a(n)_______________.

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Question 13

Define and provide an example of overextension, underextension, a referential style, an expressive linguistic style, and telegraphic speech.

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Question 14

Discuss any three methods by which young children acquire the meaning of words.

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Question 15

A friend claims that his 10-month-old daughter appears to be counting because she prefers a bowl with many cookies to a bowl with one cookie. First, fill your friend in on research on the math abilities of young infants, focusing on whether or not infants can count. Then describe any two principles that your friend can expect his daughter to use when she counts during her preschool years.

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Question 16

Bonds is trying to teach his son Barry to hit a baseball (a task that Barry has never before attempted). How might the concept of a zone of proximal development come into play in this situation, and what technique might Bonds use to improve his son's performance?

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Question 17

A(n)_______________ is an early infant vowel-like sound.

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Quiz 4: The Emergence of Thought and Language: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Early Childhood