Question 1

When people always compare themselves to the best rather than similar others, they undermine their own self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

When people compare themselves to the best, it sets an unrealistic standard that can be difficult to achieve, leading to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Instead, it is important to compare oneself to similar others in order to gain a more realistic perspective and build confidence.

Question 2

Which of the following would NOT be considered good advice for someone looking to boost self-esteem?
A) Emphasize your own strengths.
B) Listen to the goals of close confidants.
C) Set a reasonable comparison group.
D) Recognize and eliminate negative self-talk.

Accepted Answer

While it is important to listen to the goals of those close to you, this may not necessarily boost one's own self-esteem. In fact, it could potentially have the opposite effect if their goals make you feel inadequate in comparison. Therefore, this advice would not be considered good for someone looking to boost their self-esteem.

Question 3

Presenting yourself in a way that you think will cause others to respect you is most consistent with which of the following self-presentation strategies?
A) Ingratiation.
B) Self-promotion.
C) Intimidation.
D) Exemplification.

Accepted Answer

Self-promotion involves presenting oneself in a way that emphasizes one's accomplishments and abilities to gain respect and admiration from others.

Question 4

Like most people, Clark engages in self-defeating behavior because
A) it is a habit he does often.
B) he deliberately wants to harm himself.
C) he wants to fail at the task at hand.
D) he has a strong desire to escape from immediate, painful feelings.

Accepted Answer

Self-defeating behavior is often a coping mechanism to escape from immediate, painful feelings. Even though engaging in such behaviors brings temporary relief, in the long term, they are harmful and self-destructive.

Question 5

Jerry is very careful to dress for events in a manner that fits the style of those with whom he will be socializing, and he spends a great deal of time familiarizing himself with the interests of his companions. Jerry would best be classified as a
A) high approval seeker.
B) low approval seeker.
C) high self-monitor.
D) low self-monitor.

Accepted Answer

Jerry's behavior demonstrates that he is a high self-monitor, someone who closely observes and controls their self-presentation in order to fit into or adapt to different social situations. This is evident in his careful attention to dressing appropriately and familiarizing himself with the interests of his companions.

Question 6

With the self-presentation strategy of _____, people try to present themselves as weak and dependent in order to get favors from others.
A) ingratiation
B) self-promotion
C) intimidation
D) supplication

Accepted Answer

Supplication strategy involves presenting oneself as weak and dependent in order to appeal to others' compassion and receive favors. Ingratiation strategy involves presenting oneself as likable and attractive to gain favor, self-promotion strategy involves highlighting one's strengths and accomplishments to gain recognition and respect, and intimidation strategy involves using threats or fear to get others to comply with one's wishes.

Question 7

Which of the following does NOT typically underlie most self-defeating trade-offs?
A) Poor judgment.
B) Emotional distress.
C) Intentional self-harm.
D) High self-awareness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following does NOT typically...

Question 8

Imagine that you see a potential employer at a job fair. You only have a moment to make a first impression. Suppose you want to convey your potential for the job based simply on your academic prowess. Evaluate the following impression management strategies. Which approach would be MOST appropriate for this scenario?
A) Self-depreciation.
B) Supplication.
C) Self-promotion.
D) Ingratiation.

Accepted Answer

In this scenario, the best approach would be self-promotion. This means highlighting your academic achievements, such as your GPA or any academic awards you have received. This strategy emphasizes your strengths and potential for success in the job based on your academic qualifications. Self-deprecation or supplication could undermine your potential and make the employer question your confidence and qualifications. Ingratiation, while helpful in building rapport with the employer, may not convey your academic strength as effectively as self-promotion.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT considered a self-presentation strategy?
A) Ingratiation.
B) Intimidation.
C) Identification.
D) Exemplification.

Accepted Answer

Identification is not typically considered a self-presentation strategy in the same way as ingratiation, intimidation, and exemplification. Self-presentation strategies are ways individuals attempt to influence the perceptions of others about themselves, and identification refers more to aligning oneself with certain groups or ideals rather than actively managing impressions in interpersonal interactions.

Question 10

Consciously trying to present oneself to others in a positive way is called 
A) ingratiation.
B) self-monitoring.
C) false consensus.
D) impression management.

Accepted Answer

Consciously trying to present oneself to others in a positive way is called impression management. This involves controlling or manipulating the information presented to others in order to create a desired impression.

Question 11

Jim is highly sensitive to criticism. He rarely acknowledges when he might have ignored his staff's feelings and believes he deserves special treatment. His supervisor has decided not to help him build his self-esteem because__________ .
A) he is likely to be narcissistic
B) he may feel a threat to his ego
C) his self-esteem seems too high
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

Jim's characteristics suggest narcissism, which involves a fragile ego and inflated self-esteem. Avoiding building his self-esteem further is advisable due to these traits.

Question 12

Attributing one's successes to luck and external factors is an effective way to raise self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

Attributing one's successes solely to luck and external factors can actually decrease self-esteem in the long run as it implies a lack of control or ability on the individual's part. It is important to recognize one's own efforts and accomplishments in order to build genuine self-esteem.

Question 13

Most of us have
A) no public self.
B) one public self.
C) a number of public selves.
D) a public self for family and friends, and another for strangers.

Accepted Answer

Most individuals have multiple public selves that differ depending on the context of the situation or the people they are interacting with. For example, someone may present themselves differently at work than they do with their friends, or they may behave differently around their parents than they do with their romantic partner. Therefore, choice C is the best answer.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an example of ingratiation?
A) Theo gives a sincere compliment to his psychology instructor.
B) Ted does a favor for a neighbor.
C) Theresa plays up her strong points to her boss.
D) Terry goes along with some new friends to a movie that he doesn't really want to see.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT an...

Question 15

Daniel sees himself as being similar whether he is at work or with his girlfriend. It is likely that he is
A) delusional.
B) using deliberate self-destruction.
C) well-adjusted.
D) none of these.

Accepted Answer

Daniel's belief that he is similar at work and with his girlfriend suggests that he has a consistent sense of self, which is a sign of being well-adjusted. Delusions or deliberate self-destruction would manifest in different ways.

Question 16

People who see themselves as being similar across different social roles (e.g., with friends, at work, at school, with parents) are better adjusted.

Accepted Answer

This is supported by research on the concept of self-verification, which suggests that individuals strive to maintain consistency in their self-concept across different contexts. When a person's self-concept is consistent across different social roles, they experience less stress, have better self-esteem, and are more adaptable to change.

Question 17

Developing multiple new skills, rather than focusing on honing one, can raise self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Developing multiple new skills, rather than focusing...

Question 18

High self-monitors tend to be skilled at self-presentation.

Accepted Answer

High self-monitors are individuals who are highly attuned to the social cues of their environment and are skilled at adjusting their behavior to match the demands of different social situations. They are often seen as socially skilled and effective at self-presentation.

Question 19

Criticizing others, in an effort to raise self-esteem, is counterproductive.

Accepted Answer

Criticizing others may temporarily boost one's self-esteem, but it ultimately damages relationships and creates a negative reputation for the individual. Additionally, true self-esteem comes from a positive sense of self, not from putting others down.

Question 20

People engage in counterproductive strategies because
A) they are intent on self-defeat.
B) they believe they will eventually be successful.
C) they are masochistic.
D) they are experiencing only minimal emotional arousal.

Accepted Answer

People engage in counterproductive strategies because they believe that these will eventually lead to success. This belief may be caused by a lack of information or understanding about the situation, unrealistic expectations, or a desire to maintain status quo. It is not necessarily due to self-defeating tendencies, masochism, or minimal emotional arousal.

Quiz 6: The Self

When people always compare themselves to the best rather than similar others, they undermine their own self-esteem.

Which of the following would NOT be considered good advice for someone looking to boost self-esteem?

Presenting yourself in a way that you think will cause others to respect you is most consistent with which of the following self-presentation strategies?

Like most people, Clark engages in self-defeating behavior because

Jerry is very careful to dress for events in a manner that fits the style of those with whom he will be socializing, and he spends a great deal of time familiarizing himself with the interests of his companions. Jerry would best be classified as a

With the self-presentation strategy of _____, people try to present themselves as weak and dependent in order to get favors from others.

Which of the following does NOT typically underlie most self-defeating trade-offs?

Which of the following is NOT considered a self-presentation strategy?

Consciously trying to present oneself to others in a positive way is called

Jim is highly sensitive to criticism. He rarely acknowledges when he might have ignored his staff's feelings and believes he deserves special treatment. His supervisor has decided not to help him build his self-esteem because__________ .

Attributing one's successes to luck and external factors is an effective way to raise self-esteem.

Most of us have

Which of the following is NOT an example of ingratiation?

Daniel sees himself as being similar whether he is at work or with his girlfriend. It is likely that he is

People who see themselves as being similar across different social roles (e.g., with friends, at work, at school, with parents) are better adjusted.

Developing multiple new skills, rather than focusing on honing one, can raise self-esteem.

High self-monitors tend to be skilled at self-presentation.

Criticizing others, in an effort to raise self-esteem, is counterproductive.

People engage in counterproductive strategies because