Question 1

An example response to Step One of the Coping Cat Program might be:

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

Researchers found that elementary school students

Accepted Answer

The article states that elementary school students spend an average of 12 minutes of physical education class time in vigorous activities. This implies that they are not meeting the recommended standard of at least 20 minutes of vigorous activity per day. Therefore, option B is the best choice. Option A is not mentioned in the article. Option C is partially true but not the best choice, as the article mentions that students are only slightly more active than the recommended standard. Option D is not mentioned in the article.

Question 3

Describe the key features of Piaget's cognitive development phase of concrete operational thought.  Discuss the concepts of reversibility and conservation. Give an example of one of these concepts.

Accepted Answer

Piaget's cognitive development phase of concrete operational thought is characterized by several key features. First, children in this stage begin to think more logically and systematically about the world around them. They are able to understand concepts such as conservation, reversibility, and classification. They also start to grasp the idea of cause and effect relationships and can perform mental operations on objects that are concrete and tangible.

Two important concepts in this stage are reversibility and conservation. Reversibility refers to the ability to mentally reverse an action. For example, a child in the concrete operational stage can understand that if 4 + 3 = 7, then 7 - 3 = 4. This ability to mentally reverse actions is a key feature of concrete operational thought.

Conservation, on the other hand, refers to the understanding that certain properties of objects, such as volume, mass, and number, remain the same even when their outward appearance changes. For example, if you pour the same amount of water into two different shaped glasses, a child in the concrete operational stage will understand that the amount of water is the same in both glasses, despite their different shapes.

In summary, Piaget's cognitive development phase of concrete operational thought is characterized by logical and systematic thinking, as well as the ability to understand concepts such as reversibility and conservation. These concepts are important milestones in a child's cognitive development and represent their growing ability to think and reason about the world around them.

Question 4

How might teachers' expectations of their students affect students' performance? How might teachers' expectations be related to the performance of minority students in school? How might gender expectations affect school performance?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How might teachers' expectations of their students...

Question 5

"The quantitative aspects of objects that don't change unless something has been added to or subtracted from the object, although other changes may lead to perceptual differences." To which of the following terms does this definition apply?

Accepted Answer

The definition describes the concept of conservation, which refers to the understanding that a quantity remains the same despite changes in appearance, such as pouring water from a tall, thin glass into a short, wide one.

Question 6

Growth in middle childhood is characterized by

Accepted Answer

Middle childhood is characterized by slow but consistent growth, with an average height increase of about 2-3 inches per year and a weight gain of about 5-7 pounds per year. There is no significant growth spurt during this period, unlike during adolescence. There is also no period of dormancy where physical growth does not occur.

Question 7

Steven is a little impatient in school. He blurts out answers before the teacher calls on anyone. He gets upset waiting his turn in class and on the playground. He yells at other children that he feels are trying to get ahead or do something before him. Choose either self-instructional training or pair therapy for enhancing social reasoning and describe how this technique might be used to help Steven.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Steven is a little impatient in school....

Question 8

What are the key features of ADHD? Describe the various treatments used. What are the issues to consider in deciding upon a treatment modality to use with a child diagnosed with ADHD?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the key features of ADHD?...

Question 9

Discuss the effect of divorce on children. Speculate on how a 7-year-old child perceives divorce compared with a high school-aged child. What might account for these differences? What factors might mediate the negative effects of divorce?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the effect of divorce on children....

Question 10

In middle childhood, rules, fairness, and reciprocity

Accepted Answer

In middle childhood, children typically become more concerned with rules, fairness, and reciprocity. These concepts are often explored and reinforced through play activities, such as games with clear rules and turn-taking. It is important to support and encourage this developing sense of morality and social responsibility.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is FALSE about stuttering in children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is FALSE...

Question 12

Researchers question the reliability and validity of a child's testimony in court based on all of the following concerns EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The desire for revenge is not commonly cited as a concern regarding the reliability and validity of a child's testimony in court. Concerns typically focus on the reliability of memory, understanding of the obligation to tell the truth, and vulnerability to suggestion, as these factors can directly influence the accuracy and reliability of the testimony provided by children.

Question 13

Eight-year-old Johnny and his mother are making cookies. Johnny's mother gives him two pieces of dough that are rolled into balls. She asks him to take the rolling pin and roll one flat. Johnny recognizes that both pieces of dough are still of equal size. He has mastered conservation of

Accepted Answer

Johnny understands that despite the change in shape, the amount of dough (mass) remains the same, demonstrating conservation of mass.

Question 14

Discuss what is meant by the term emotional intelligence. How do children learn to develop their emotional intelligence? What are some methods for encouraging and promoting a child's emotional intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss what is meant by the term...

Question 15

Which of the following is FALSE about IQ tests?

Accepted Answer

IQ tests are designed to measure abilities that are relevant across cultures and do not depend on specific cultural knowledge or experiences. Therefore, the contents of IQ tests do not reflect material that is familiar to children from a particular culture.

Question 16

As described in the text according to Shaffer, __________ is the ability to "go beyond the information" and allows a child to become increasingly cognizant of such things as abstract connotations and the multiple meanings of words.

Accepted Answer

Shaffer describes metalinguistic awareness as the ability to go beyond the information and become increasingly cognizant of abstract connotations and multiple meanings of words.

Question 17

The Russian psychologists Vygotsky and Lura believe that speech develops through three successive stages.  Which one of the following best describes the third or final stage?

Accepted Answer

In the final stage of speech development according to Vygotsky, children begin to internalize their speech in the form of inner speech or covert self-verbalizations, which then guide their thinking and behavior. This stage reflects the transition from external to internal control over one's actions and thoughts.

Question 18

Describe what is meant by role, or perspective, taking. How is this related to the development of social skills in children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe what is meant by role, or...

Question 19

The ability to delay gratification is associated with

Accepted Answer

The ability to delay gratification is a key component of emotional intelligence, specifically in the areas of self-awareness and self-regulation. It involves being able to resist immediate rewards or pleasures in order to achieve a greater long-term goal. IQ scores and achievement tests do not necessarily measure or indicate one's ability to delay gratification, and although focus can contribute to delaying gratification, it is not the sole factor.

Question 20

Middle childhood, ages 6-12, is referred to by Erikson as what stage of development?

Accepted Answer

Erikson referred to middle childhood, ages 6-12, as the stage of Industry vs. inferiority. During this stage, children are focused on developing competence and skills in areas such as academics, sports, and social relationships. Success in these areas leads to a sense of industry, while failure can result in feelings of inferiority.

Quiz 6: Middle Childhood