Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: Prairie grouse females choose to mate with males that display the most intricate dance and make the loudest thumping noise with their chests.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of sexual selection and disruptive selection and stabilizing is...

Question 2

____ is the study of a species' evolutionary history.
A)Natural selection
B)Taxonomy
C)Microevolution
D)Phylogeny
E)Convergent evolution

Accepted Answer

Phylogeny is specifically concerned with the evolutionary history of a species, including its relationships to other species and the sequence of speciation events that led to its current form. Natural selection and microevolution are both important factors in shaping this history, but do not encompass the entire field of studying it. Taxonomy primarily deals with classifying and naming different species, while convergent evolution is the phenomenon where different species evolve similar traits independently of each other.

Question 3

Phylogeny is most analogous to a ____.
A)family genealogy
B)burst of new computer technology
C)telescopic view of the early universe
D)traffic light
E)roller coaster

Accepted Answer

Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationships of organisms, similar to how a family genealogy shows the history and relationships of family members.

Question 4

Alligators more closely resemble lizards than birds; however, alligators and birds have four-chambered hearts, which lizards do not have. In this example, the four-chambered heart is a ____, which indicates that alligators are ____ related to birds than to lizards.
A)derived character; more closely
B)key innovation; more closely
C)derived character; more distantly
D)key innovation; not
E)homologous structure; more distantly

Accepted Answer

The four-chambered heart is a derived character, meaning it is a trait that appeared in the most recent common ancestor of a particular lineage and was passed on to its descendants. This shared derived character between alligators and birds indicates that they are more closely related to each other than either is to lizards, which do not have this trait.

Question 5

Match between columns
                        Premises: Two species of hawk are able to mate successfully, but one hunts in the morning and the other hunts at night. Mating between the two species, therefore, does not occur.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of directional selection and sexual selection and founder is...

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: The genitals of snakes are analogous to a lock and key mechanism- the "keys' will only fit in certain "locks".

Accepted Answer

The Answer of disruptive selection and sexual selection and reproductive is...

Question 7

The branch points on a cladogram represent ____.
A)the species' extinction
B)derived characters
C)related clades
D)a common ancestor of two lineages
E)mass extinctions

Accepted Answer

Branch points on a cladogram represent a common ancestor of two lineages, indicating where two lineages diverged from a single ancestor.

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: The Industrial Revolution resulted in soot-covered trees, which allowed dark colored peppered moths to blend in and escape predators; the moth population eventually became comprised of mostly dark colored individuals.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of founder effect and sexual selection and genetic is...

Question 9

Hawaiian honeycreepers exhibit diverse beaks that allow them to feed on insects, flowers, and seeds in their different habitats. This is an example of ____.
A)a derived trait
B)convergent evolution
C)morphological convergence
D)morphological divergence
E)a key innovation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hawaiian honeycreepers exhibit diverse beaks that allow...

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: Homozygous dominant black mice are camouflaged by dark rocks and homozygous recessive light-colored mice are camouflaged by light colored rocks. Heterozygous grey mice have no camouflage and are easily picked off and eaten by hawks.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of reproductive isolation and founder effect and directional is...

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: Animals that have too few offspring risk that all of them will be lost to predators, and therefore, their genes will not be passed onto the next generation. Animals with too many offspring may not be able to take care of all of them. Therefore, most animals have an intermediate number of offspring.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of genetic drift and stabilizing selection and sexual is...

Question 12

A female horse can mate with a male donkey but they will produce a mule that is sterile. This is an example of what type of isolation mechanism?
A)allopatric
B)physical
C)behavioral
D)reproductive
E)geological

Accepted Answer

This is an example of reproductive isolation, as the offspring of a female horse and male donkey (a mule) is sterile and cannot reproduce.

Question 13

In the work that they do, scientists who study phylogeny are most like a ____.
A)police detective
B)medical doctor
C)carpenter
D)college professor
E)real estate agent

Accepted Answer

Scientists who study phylogeny focus on analyzing and interpreting data to uncover relationships between species and their evolutionary history, much like how a police detective investigates and pieces together clues to solve a mystery. Both require attention to detail, critical thinking, and the ability to draw conclusions based on the evidence at hand. The other choices do not accurately portray the work of phylogeny scientists.

Question 14

A group of organisms sharing a derived trait is known as a ____.
A)clade
B)taxon
C)tribe
D)community
E)population

Accepted Answer

A group of organisms sharing a derived trait is known as a clade. A clade includes an ancestor species and all of its descendants. The other choices are not specific to this definition. Taxon refers to any group or rank in a biological classification system. Tribe refers to a taxonomic rank below family and above genus. Community refers to a group of organisms living in the same area or interacting with each other. Population refers to a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed.

Question 15

Match between columns
                        Premises: Large antlers are energetically costly and may get stuck on branches, but females prefer to mate with bucks with the largest antlers.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of disruptive selection and sexual selection and founder is...

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: A small population of humans colonize a deserted island and most of them have attached earlobes. One hundred years later, the colony consists of 550 people, all of whom have attached earlobes.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of directional selection and sexual selection and stabilizing is...

Question 17

Match between columns
                        Premises: A change in allele frequencies in a population that does not result from adaptation or natural selection.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of sexual selection and directional selection and founder is...

Question 18

The use of phylogeny to determine evolutionary relationships has practical applications in ____.
A)preserving extinct species
B)tracking infectious disease
C)tracking migration patterns
D)raising livestock
E)managing invasive species

Accepted Answer

The answer of The use of phylogeny to determine evolutionary...

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: The migration of bison from one herd to another results in this.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of genetic drift and reproductive isolation and founder is...

Question 20

A cladogram can be viewed as "sets within sets" of derived traits. Which features distinguish the clade containing mice and humans from the other clades in this cladogram?
                                          
A)multicellular with legs
B)multicellular with hair
C)multicellular with a backbone
D)multicellular
E)multicellular with a backbone, legs and hair

Accepted Answer

The answer of A cladogram can be viewed as "sets...

Quiz 12: Processes of Evolution

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example. Some choices may be used more than once.

____ is the study of a species' evolutionary history.

Phylogeny is most analogous to a ____.

Alligators more closely resemble lizards than birds; however, alligators and birds have four-chambered hearts, which lizards do not have. In this example, the four-chambered heart is a , which indicates that alligators are related to birds than to lizards.

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example. Some choices may be used more than once.

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example. Some choices may be used more than once.

The branch points on a cladogram represent ____.

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example. Some choices may be used more than once.

Hawaiian honeycreepers exhibit diverse beaks that allow them to feed on insects, flowers, and seeds in their different habitats. This is an example of ____.

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example. Some choices may be used more than once.

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example. Some choices may be used more than once.

A female horse can mate with a male donkey but they will produce a mule that is sterile. This is an example of what type of isolation mechanism?

In the work that they do, scientists who study phylogeny are most like a ____.

A group of organisms sharing a derived trait is known as a ____.

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example. Some choices may be used more than once.

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example. Some choices may be used more than once.

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example. Some choices may be used more than once.

The use of phylogeny to determine evolutionary relationships has practical applications in ____.

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example. Some choices may be used more than once.

A cladogram can be viewed as "sets within sets" of derived traits. Which features distinguish the clade containing mice and humans from the other clades in this cladogram?